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1、M6U4 虚拟语气讲解 2014.9Lead-in请欣赏下面的歌曲，并填出歌词中空缺的单词。If a picture paints a thousand words,then why cant I paint you?The words will never show,then you Ive come to know.If a face _ (launch) a thousand ships,then where am I to go?Theres no one home but you.Youre all thats left me to.And when my love for life
2、 is running dry,you come and pour yourself on me.If a man _ (be) two places at one time, I_(be) with you.Tomorrow and today, beside you all the way.If the world _ (stop) revolving (旋转), spinning slowly down to die,I_ (spend) the end with you.And when the world was through.Then one by one the stars w
3、ould go out.Then you and I _ simply fly away.Question: What grammar item is used in these sentences?Step one: Lets review 1. 完成句子1). If I _the answer now, I _ tell you如果我知道答案，我会告诉你。2). If you _ ten minutes earlier, you _ with the American Indians如果你早十分钟来的话，你就可以和印第安人跳舞了。3). If it _ tomorrow, we would
4、 change our plan要是明天下雪的话，我们就改变计划。Conclusion: 虚拟条件句（if从句） 语法规则 (Grammar rules)时间If从句主句与现在相反与过去相反与将来相反2把划线部分的句子译成中文 Should it snow tomorrow, we would put off our celebration Were I rich, I would buy an expensive cal Had you attended the lecture, you could have known the special customConclusion:如果条件状语
5、中有were, had, should时, 可以省去条件句中的_，把were, had, should 置于_3完成句子0 If you _ hard now, you _ a good job in the future如果你现在努力，将来会有好工作。 If he _ in the rain yesterday, he _ now要是他昨天不淋雨的话，现在就不会生病了。 If David _ six more votes in the last election, he _ our chairman now 如果大卫在上次的选举中多赢得六张选票，那么他就会是我们的现任主席。Conclusio
6、n:如果虚拟句的主、从句中动词表达_的虚拟动作时间，则该句被称为“_”。句中动词采用何种形式（现在或过去虚拟式）要依据主、从句中的_（或上下文）来确定。【注意】在混合条件虚拟句中，要注意事实和虚拟假设的混合。要根据所述事实发生的时间确定它的时态形式。0 I _ him in the hospital had it been at all possible，but I was fully occupied the whole of last week如有可能，我本来会到医院去看望他的，但整个上周我实在是太忙了。 If Tom _ overtime today, he would come to
7、our reception. However, he is preparing the coming exam now. 如果Tom今天不加班，他回来我们的宴会的。然而，他现在正准备即将到来的考试。 _ tomorrow, I might travel around our town. What a pity! I will have to help my father on the farm. 万一明天不下雨，我可能会周游我们镇。真遗憾，我不得不在农场上帮助我父亲。4. 英译汉 If I could have earned enough money, I should have travel
8、ed over the world. If you could have prevented mistakes, you might have been more successful.Conclusion: “could have + 过去分词”也可用于虚拟条件句中，这时的could是情态动词，表示“_”，相当于：_比如：Step2 Lets learn Unreal conditionals: other cases（虚拟语气在其它场合的运用）1由even if (即使、虽然)，as if / though，if only(但愿、要是就好了)，wish 引导的虚拟句： I wish I h
9、ad studied medicine, so I could save the injured people. I wish I were a firefighter. So I could save the trapped people. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken. If only such disasters would not happen again in the future. Even if I had known the key in the exam y
10、esterday, I could have told you.Conclusion: 语法规则 (Grammar rules)as if / thoughif onlyeven if/thoughwish与现在情况相反与过去情况相反与将来情况相反 Practice: I wish I _ a bird我多么希望我是一只小鸟。 He wished she _ better next time. 他希望她下次能做得更好。 I wish l _ the game last night但愿我昨晚没看比赛。 Even if he _ without delay，no one _ him. 即使他当时得
11、到护理，也救不活。 He looks as if he _ for a month他看上去好像一个月没吃饭一样。 If only I _ with my father! 要是现在和父亲在一起该多好啊! If only she _ the army next year. 但愿她明年能参军。【注意】as if / as though后面的从句有时也可用陈述语气，这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。例如： It seems as if our side is going to win. _。 The meat tastes as if it has gone bad. _。2w
12、ould rather+从句：I would rather you returned me the money now.I would rather you hadnt made the mistake yesterday. Dont come now. I would rather you came tomorrow.Conclusion: would rather+从句现在过去将来Practice: He would rather you_ on Friday他比较希望你在星期五来。(现在/将来时间虚拟) Id rather you _ that要是你别干那事就好啦。(过去时间虚拟)【注意】would rather + have done表示过去的某种选择不恰当。 Id rather not have told her the news. She is such a gossip. _。 她是个爱说闲话的。3It is (high/about) time that：该做了。(动词用“_”或“_”) It is high time that something _done about the traffic problem该采取措施解决交通问题了。4动词+ that(should) do 这类动词常见的有：一个坚持：_两个命令：_/_三条建议：_/_/_四项要求：_/_/_
