《含而不露的 隐喻(metaphor)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《含而不露的 隐喻(metaphor)（48页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、英汉修辞对比研究 第二讲 含而不露的隐喻 Metaphor,Some say love, it is a river That drowns the tender reed. Some say love, it is a razor That leaves your soul to bleed. Some say love, it is a hunger， An endless aching need. I say love, it is a flower And you its only seed.,Its the heart afraid of breaking That never le
2、arns to dance. Its the dream afraid of waking That never takes the chance. Its the one who wont be taken Who cannot seem to give. And the soul afraid of dying That never learns to live.,When the night has been too lonely And the road has been too long; And you think that love is only For the lucky a
3、nd the strong; Just remember in the winter, Far beneath the bitter snow, Lies the seed that with the suns love In the spring becomes the rose. （Bette Midler，The Rose）,有人说爱是淹没柔弱芦苇的河流， 有人说爱是割伤你灵魂的刀枪， 有人说爱是人生永无休止的需求， 我要说爱是鲜花而你是唯一的花种。 爱是害怕破碎的心灵最难拨动， 爱是害怕惊醒的梦幻最难抓机遇， 爱是难能给予的人最难接受， 爱是害怕死亡的灵魂最难长生。 当夜深孤独而且路途
4、漫漫， 你以为爱为幸运儿与强者独占； 请铭记隆冬厚雪之下深埋的花籽， 春日太阳的温爱催成鲜艳的月季。 Bette Midler在“The Rose”诗中套用反复定义法（systrophe），运用持续隐喻（sustained metaphor）和延伸隐喻（extended metaphor）对爱反复下定义以加深人们对爱的理解。,Dreams Langston Houghs Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die Life is like a broken-winged bird That cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams For
5、when dreams go Life is like a barren field Frozen with snow.,Simile and Metaphor,Life is like an isthmus between two eternities. 生活像永恒的生死两端之间的峡道。 Life is an isthmus between two eternities. 生活是永恒的生死两端之间的峡道。 Happiness is like sunshine: it is made up of very little beams. 幸福像阳光，皆由细小的光束构成。 The sunshine
6、of happiness is made of very little beams. 幸福的阳光由非常细小的光束构成。 He is as stubborn as a mule. 他犟得像头骡子。 He is a mule. 他是头犟骡, 爱情转移 - 国语版 徘徊过多少橱窗 住过多少旅馆 才会觉得分离也并不冤枉 感情是用来浏览 还是用来珍藏 好让日子天天都过得难忘 熬过了多久患难 湿了多长眼眶 才能知道伤感是爱的遗产 流浪几张双人床 换过几次信仰 才让戒指义无反顾的交换,把一个人的温暖 转移到另一个的胸膛 让上次犯的错反省出梦想 每个人都是这样 享受过提心吊胆 才拒绝做爱情待罪的羔羊 回忆是捉
7、不到的月光 握紧就变黑暗 等虚假的背景消失于晴朗 阳光在身上流转 等所有业障被原谅 爱情不停站 想开往地老天荒 需要多勇敢,烛光照亮了晚餐 照不出个答案 恋爱不是温馨的请客吃饭 床单上铺满花瓣 拥抱让它成长 太拥挤就开到了别的土壤 感情需要人接班 接近换来期望 期望带来失望的恶性循环 短暂的总是浪漫 漫长总会不满 烧完美好青春换一个老伴 你不要失望 荡气回肠是为了 最美的平凡,第二讲： 隐喻（metaphor),Questions: 1. What is metaphor? 2. What features does it have? 3. How to appreciate metaphor
8、 in English and Chinese? 4. Can you find more examples of this figure of speech?,定义（definition)（1）,亦称“暗喻”。也是一种比喻，这种辞格不用比喻词，而直接把甲事物（喻体）当做 作乙事物（本体）来描述，其比喻关系隐含在句意中。隐喻的形式是“A是B”，不是“A像B”。 本体和喻体之间用是连接，语气上更肯定。这种比喻没有用像这类词（像的意思隐晗在句子里），所以叫做隐喻。 其目的是更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现能力。 由于它常常把本体直接说成喻体，所以其修辞效果比明喻更加肯定、更加有力，所强调的相似点也
9、更加鲜明和突出。,定义（definition)(2),A figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another. -Websters New World Dictionary A figure of speech in which one thing is described in terms of another. The basic figure in poetr
10、y. A comparison is usually implicit; whereas in simile it is explicit. -A Dictionary of Literary Terms Metaphor, perhaps the most important figure of speech, points out resemblance but with no acknowledging word. -Britannica Book of English Usage a compressed or condensed simile.,Examples(1),The tho
11、ught was fire in him.(他的想法是一团烈火。） He still has a ray of hope.(他仍抱有一线希望） His mind swept easily over the world.(他对世上各方面的情况都了如指掌。） This country has rosy prospects.（这个国家前途光明。） There was a stormy debate at the meeting.（会上辩论激烈） He could not bridle his anger.（他怒不可遏。） A bright idea suddenly struck him.（他计上心
12、来。） He needled his way through the crowd(他穿过 人群。） The train steamed the station.（火车吐着蒸气开进车站。）,Examples(2),Waves thundered against the rocks.(海浪猛烈地拍打着礁石。） The hill was veiled in mist.(小山笼罩在云雾中。） She wormed the secret out of him.（她设法窥探他的秘密。） Ill chew over your suggestion.（我会仔细考虑你的意见的。） Lets dig deeper
13、 into the text.（我们来进一步研读一下文本。） We stopped to drink in the beautiful scenery.（我们停下来观赏美景。） She melted into tears.（她感动得流下泪来。） The airplane was swallowed up in the clouds.（飞机消失在云雾中。）,Examples(3),The ugly scar runs right across his left cheek.(他左脸颊上横着一道难看的伤疤。） The trees stood greener after the rain. 雨后的林
14、木更加葱翠。 Above us hung a sullen sky.（天色阴沉沉的。） He was left outside in the pitiless cold. （ 他被拒诸门外，在寒风中茕茕孑立） What a lame excuse you have!（多么蹩脚的借口啊！） He ate with a wolfish appetite.（他狼吞虎咽。） You have undertaken an uphill task.(你接受了一项艰巨的任务。） Her hostility melted.(她的敌意消解了。） Life is but an empty dream.(人生如梦。
15、）,More examples(1),Police work on inner city streets is a domestic Vietnam, a dangerous no-win struggle fought by confused, misdirected and unappreciated troops. 市中心贫民区的治安工作是一场在国内进行的越南战争， 由一只思想混乱，指挥失灵，且无人赏识的部队进行的一场危险 的，只输不赢的斗争。 For years her cries of “fish for sale”were in vain. She had no home, no
16、family, no friendsand her life was a basket of unsold fish. 多年来，她“卖鱼啦”的叫声全然白费。她无家可归，无夫 无子，无亲无友她的生活就是一蓝没卖出去的鱼。,More examples(2),This centuryman has started to look into the working of that other universe which is inside himself-the human brain. 本世纪人类已经开始研究自身内部的另外一个“宇宙”的活 动了， 这另外一个宇宙就是人脑。 While most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somewhat reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of
