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1、,Efficient and Effective Listening and Reading Teaching Objectives, Tasks and Process,School of Foreign Languages Southwest University,杨晓钰,联合国教科文组织（UNESCO=United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization）曾对外语教学质量提出了“5个因素和一个公式” 教学质量（？分）=学生（1分）+ 教材（2分）+ 环境（4分）+教法（3分）教师素质（？）,Whats a teac
2、hers job? A teachers job is to help students learn. Good teachers care more about their students learning than they do about their own teaching.,Tell me and I forget Show me and I understand Involve me and I remember,An objective is what the students will be able to do at the end that they are not b
3、e able to do at the beginning. Objectives state what students will do by the end of a lesson. Objective must be specific and clear.,教学的有效性指标,学生的学习,学习速度,学习结果,学习体验,学习特定内容所花费时间。时间少，效率高。,经过学习学生所发生的变化、进步和取得的成绩,过 程 兴 趣,结 果 兴 趣,不知到知；从知少到知多；不会到会；不能到能,Overall Language Ability (Integrative language use),1. La
4、nguage knowledge Phonetics Grammar Vocabulary Functions Topics 2. Language skills Listening Speaking Reading Writing,3. Affect(Values & attitudes) International perspectives Patriotism Confidence Motivation 4. Learning strategies Communicative Resourcing Meta-cognitive (self-management) Cognitive 5.
5、 Cultural awareness Knowledge Understanding Awareness,义务教育阶段英语的课程目标 激发和培养学生学习英语的兴趣，使学生树立自信心，养成良好的学习习惯和形成有效的学习策略，发展自主学习的能力和合作精神；使学生掌握一定的英语基础知识和听、说、读、写技能，形成一定的综合语言运用能力；培养学生的观察、记忆、思维、想象能力和创新精神；帮助学生了解世界和中西方文化的差异，拓展视野，培养爱国主义精神，形成健康的人生观，为他们终身学习和发展打下良好的基础。,Teaching goals of 2001 National English Curriculum
6、 for Nine-year Compulsory Education The main task is to stimulate and cultivate students interest and their confidence in learning the language, help them develop good learning habits and form effective learning strategies, facilitate autonomy and cooperative spirit in learning;,enable students to m
7、aster basic English language knowledge and skills in listening, speaking, reading and writing so that they form sufficient competence in using the language; cultivate students abilities to observe, to memorise, to think, to imagine and to create;, increase their awareness of the cultural differences
8、 between the East and the West, enlarge their vision, cultivate their patriotic spirit, and help them form healthy views about life. On the basis of all the above, we lay basis for their life-long learning.,How can we integrate the four skills? 1）简单综合 (Simple integration) The easiest form of integra
9、tion is within the same medium (either oral or written), from receptive to productive skills.,接受性技能 产出性技能 receptive productive Oral Medium 听 说 Written Medium 读 写 A receptive language skill serves as a model for a productive language skill. In other words, we use a listening text as a model for the s
10、tudents speaking, and a reading text as a model for the students writing.,2）复杂综合(Complex integration) Complex integration is a combination of activities involving different skills, linked thematically. It involves constructing a series of activities that use a variety of skills.,Listen, read and say
11、 Mr. Lee: Hey, Bruce. You look pale. Whats the matter? Bruce: Well, I have a headache and a cough. Mr. Lee: Im sorry to hear that. Maybe you have the flu. Bruce: Oh, Im feeling terrible! Mr. Lee: Youd better go to see a doctor. Shall I take you to the hospital? Bruce: No, thank you. Ill take some me
12、dicine and see how it goes.,Analyze the objectives of a listening and speaking class (dialogue) 1) Instructional objectives A. Language knowledge a. A particular topic b. Vocabulary,c. A structure d. Functions e. Phonetics B. Skills Listening, speaking, reading, writing What skills will be developed
13、? Which skill will be practised most?,2) Educational objectives A. Affect confidence, motivation，healthy views about life B. Learning strategy Communicative, resourcing, meta-cognitive (self-management) , cognitive C. Cultural awareness knowledge, understanding, awareness 3) Personal objectives Aspe
14、cts of our own teaching we want to develop or improve.,听力技能的教学,35级教学目的： 增强对不同话语情景的识别能力，获取信息主旨大意，了解简单的具体事实、理解一定的逻辑关系以及事物发展的时间和空间顺序等，理解说话人的意图和态度。,35级,听关键信息； 听懂并执行指示语； 听懂大意和主题； 确定事物的发展顺序或逻辑关系； 预测； 理解说话人的意图和态度； 评价所听内容。,听前活动,听前活动热身活动；熟悉话题；熟悉相关词语和句型；接受背景信息；提出需要解决的问题；明确具体任务。,听的活动,听信息，排顺序； 听信息，列项目； 听信息，补全文字
15、； 听并画图； 听并制作； 听并填空； 听写； 听并记笔记； 听指令，完成系列动作； 听并选择； 听并匹配。,听后活动,口头回答问题； 小组讨论； 模拟对话； 复述或转述所听内容； 作出书面回应； 总结要点； 改编所听内容； 表达个人感受和观点。,口语技能的教学,35 级教学目的： 就简单的话题提供和交流信息，乐于表达个人观点和态度，逐步掌握倾听和呼应的技能，把握谈话线索和轮次，有效询问信息和澄清意思，获取帮助，解决力所能及的实际生活问题。,35级,引出话题； 维持交谈； 插话； 转移话题； 话轮转换； 引起注意； 澄清意思； 请求澄清； 表示倾听和理解； 预示和结束谈话； 利用语音、语调表达
16、意思。,说前活动,阅读背景信息； 激活表达动机； 呈现情景与环境； 熟悉话题和语境； 语言准备； 明确对话任务。,说的活动,表演情景对话； 模拟情景对话； 短剧表演； 小组讨论； 全班讨论； 演讲； 简短报告； 讲故事； 接续故事； 复述故事； 相互补充信息。,说后活动,列出要点和细节； 写出要点； 转述信息。,Layout of a lesson plan School_ Junior or Senior Section_ Class _ Grade _ Size _ Time_ Date _ Materials _ Type of lesson_ Contents: 1. Vocabulary 2. Structure/gramm
