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1、 业能力部分： 1.英译汉，考的主题大概是一个国家的衰落如何首先在文学及语言的衰落显现出来，语言不算难，偶有生词，比如你要知道 Tacitus 怎么翻译，divagation 是什么意思等。其他不难。 2.汉译英，考得是一篇比较西方哲学辩证法和中国古典哲学辩证法的区别的一片文章，语言不难，只要知道辩证法、二元论、词源学等专业术语怎么说就行了。 3.句子改写和写作，改写题，就是把拗口的难句改写成简单句，文章经后来考证，是出自联邦党人文集，文字有些难度，好多人没看懂，其实讲的就是 hereditary monarchism，democracy 以及 representative republic
2、各自的优劣，看明白这个结构和层次，改写很容易，后面的作文也是建立在理解文章的基础上，以问题的形式提出，文章看不懂，作文是没法写的。以下是考试的文字部分，全篇请参看链接：http:/avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/fed48.asp The founders of our republics have so much merit for the wisdom which they have displayed, that no task can be less pleasing than that of pointing out the errors into
3、which they have fallen. A respect for truth, however, obliges us to remark, that they seem never for a moment to have turned their eyes from the danger to liberty from the overgrown and all-grasping prerogative of an hereditary magistrate, supported and fortified by an hereditary branch of the legis
4、lative authority. They seem never to have recollected the danger from legislative usurpations, which, by assembling all power in the same hands, must lead to the same tyranny as is threatened by executive usurpations. In a government where numerous and extensive prerogatives are placed in the hands
5、of an hereditary monarch, the executive department is very justly regarded as the source of danger, and watched with all the jealousy which a zeal for liberty ought to inspire. In a democracy, where a multitude of people exercise in person the legislative functions, and are continually exposed, by t
6、heir incapacity for regular deliberation and concerted measures, to the ambitious intrigues of their executive magistrates, tyranny may well be apprehended, on some favorable emergency, to start up in the same quarter. But in a representative republic, where the executive magistracy is carefully lim
7、ited; both in the extent and the duration of its power; and where the legislative power is exercised by an assembly, which is inspired, by a supposed influence over the people, with an intrepid confidence in its own strength; which is sufficiently numerous to feel all the passions which actuate a mu
8、ltitude, yet not so numerous as to be incapable of pursuing the objects of its passions, by means which reason prescribes; it is against the enterprising ambition of this department that the people ought to indulge all their jealousy and exhaust all their precautions. 专业知识部分： 1.英国文学试题，二选一： a.discuss
9、 the difference between Richardson and Fielding, and how each in their own way contributes to the development of english novel. b.ilustrate by specific textual examples how Milton in Paradise Lost applied the Bible. 2.英国文学试题，二选一： a.Victorian age is one of complexities and paradoxes.discuss in detail
10、 two vicotrian novels how, by their characterization, plot, etc., reflect the victorian society. b.引述了 Elizabeth Browning 的一段诗，然后问这句诗体现了什么problem ，细节记不清楚了。 3.美国文学部分：三选二： a.elaborate and discuss how, both in prose and poetry, imagery was applied in Puritan writings. b.关于 southern dialect 的题目，细节不记得了。
11、c.考了一首十四行诗，要求对其进行 close textual analysis，描述 to which aspect of the poem do you most strongly respond to，以及从多方面对诗歌进行分析。后经考证，是 Edna St. Vincent Millay 所写。 Hearing your words, and not a word among them by Edna St. Vincent Millay Hearing your words, and not a word among them Tuned to my liking, on a sal
12、ty day When inland woods were pushed by winds that flung them Hissing to leeward like a ton of spray, I thought how off Matinicus the tide Came pounding in, came running through the Gut, While from the Rock the warning whistle cried, And children whimpered, and the doors blew shut; There in the autu
13、mn when the men go forth, With slapping skirts the island women stand In gardens stripped and scattered, peering north, With dahlia tubers dripping from the hand: The wind of their endurance, driving south, Flattened your words against your speaking mouth.等了这么久，还是没见 2011 英语语言文学方向的试题，没法，自己动脑回忆一下吧。事先申
14、明，因为是时隔一月的回忆，很多东西都只能得个大概，肯定也有一些记错的地方，欢迎纠正哦。先回忆专业能力。专业能力分三大题，英译汉，汉译英和作文。每题 50 分。 英译汉我恍惚记得讨论的是诗歌和散文的区别和联系，相较于以前最大的不同是这篇散文和文学理论不大挂钩。翻译总体来看不是很难，生僻词低于往年，长度短于往年。但有些长句并列句还是比较难翻的，惯有的名作家人名作品翻译我也不是很顺手。英译汉我答的不好。英译汉这条应该是历年最容易的，关于读书的翻译，原文琅琅上口，大意是：读书不是给别人看的，读许多书但都浅尝辄止，不如精读一本书，读通透。还说到了一般人读书和做学问读书的区别。这篇小散文我本人非常喜欢，我
15、觉得把它看成英语专业研究生入学考试的小指导也是很不错的。翻译的难度适中，以往的谚语翻译也有涉及。这题我答的也不好，应为英语的词汇量小，基本功不扎实，只能勉强翻通。今年的作文是历年来最容易的一篇吧。取消了 09 年和 10 年那具难的 paraphrase，选取的短篇还是考研指定教材二十世纪西方文学理论中的节选，根据短篇写出对文中观点的看法和评价即可。这篇节选我已经找到了，就在全书的导言（文学是什么）部分开头，应该是第二至第四段。这几段文字都是讨论关于文学的定义和本质，分别列举了浪漫主义和俄国形式主义对此的看法文学是想象力或是一种语言的组织。我具体是怎么写这个作文的，我基本忘记了，好像关于形式主
16、义的批判有点太多了，行文间还是一如既往的小傲慢（这到底是为什么啊） ，语言的组织有时过于简单，举例不充分说理不清晰。总之，答得也并不好。唯一值得庆幸的就是作文应该没有偏题（这点我也不敢肯定呢）专业能力说完，来说专业知识。今年的专业知识只有三大题，每题 50 分。取消了以往 5道题目的设置，并取消诗歌评述。这样的卷面设置看着是比以前简单不少（要知道北大外文系老师选诗的眼光那个可怕，09 年和 10 年那两首现代诗我 50%没看懂） ，但事实上，因为题量减少，如果其中一条出现偏题，那你其他两题答得再好，都非常危险。第一大题考察的是英国文学，有两题任选（选其中之一作答） ，任选题 1：有评论家说米尔顿的撒旦和莎士比亚戏剧中的人物有共通之处，你同意还是反对这种看法？说说你对此的看法；任选题 2：试比较笛福的鲁滨逊漂流记和斯威夫特的格列夫游记的异同。因为我对鲁滨逊漂流记和格列夫游记都很不熟悉，所以我选择答第一题。但因为我对失乐园里的撒旦和莎士比亚的戏剧也不是很熟悉，这一题是我三题中答的最短的。大概说了下撒旦的叛逆精神和邪恶本质，把他和李尔
