单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,阅读技能训练,猜测词义,How to guess the meaning of words?,A French student goes to London for his holiday.He knows a little English,but he cant speak it very well.One day he goes to a restaurant.He wants to have some eggs,but he cant remember the English word for“egg”.,He looks around and sees a picture of,a hen,.He shows the picture to the waiter.“What do you call,her children,?”he asks.“Chicks,sir.”“And what do you call,chicks before theyre born,?”“,Eggs,sir.”“Very well,”says the French student.“Give me,two eggs,and a cup of tea,please”.,If you meet the new words when reading,what will you do?,Pay no attention and continue reading.,Look them up in the dictionary.,Guess,the meaning.,How?,阅读理解题目的设置方式,理解词句含义型,考查内容多为名词、动词、词组甚至句子。
英语中很多单词和词组在不同的语言环境中有着不同的内涵，掌握大量单词和习语是重要的，但语言是活的东西，做这类题时，考生应尽可能通过上下文猜测词义，即利用所熟悉的词或短语和上下文已知的部分来进行合理推理，有时还需要依据常识和经验1）The word“”in the passage probably means_.,（2）The underlined word“”in the passage refers to _.,（3）In the story the underlined word“”means_.,（4）Here“”means_.,（5）The expression/phrase“”means_.,（6）The word“”is close in meaning to _.,1.I will not make friends with a,dishonest,person.,2.When the little boy finished,his father was,speechless,.,3.If some athletes use drugs,it is,unfair,to the,others.,一 根据构词法猜词,首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律,其次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。
如:un-,im-,mis-,-less,-ness等小结,dis+honest,speech+less 说不出话的,un+fair,利用构词法进行猜测,根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词如,，,care(小心),careful(小心的),carefully(小心地);write(写),rewrite(改写)un-;dis-;-less:;mis-:;,re-:-ern:,-er,-or,-ist:;,2.,根据“合成词”猜测如school+bag schoolbag,down+stairs,downstairs,不无,错误,再,重复,重新,表方向,表示人,The ways of guessing the new words in context:,1.It will be very hard but also very,brittle,that is,it will break easily.,2.The purpose of the campaign was to catch,“,ringers,”,students who take tests for other,students.,3.A,calendar,is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.,二 根据释义猜词,释义常由定语从句或由is,or,that is(to say),in other words,be called，be known as等词汇或破折号来表示。
小结,脆的,冒名替考者,日历,三 根据同义词关系猜词,He replied quickly,but after he,considered the problem more carefully,he regretted having made such a,hasty,decision.,2.Your ideas are so,nebulous,that they are not clear to me.,小结,and,or,such as,like,for example,for instance常连接同义词组匆忙的,不清楚的,四 根据对比和转折关系,1.Although the early morning had been very cool,the noonday sun was,tropical,.,2.He had been getting better but during the night his condition,deteriorated,.,表转折关系的词常有,but,while,however,instead of,rather than,unlike,yet,though,等。
小结,热的,恶化,1.The clock is so,accurate,that it will never lose,a second in more than 200 million years.,2.All his attempts to unlock the door was,futile,because she was using the wrong key.,徒劳的，无效的,五 根据因果关系猜词,精确的,小结,常用关联词如:because，as，since，for，so，as a result,so,so that,such that,等表示前因后果六 根据生活常识或经验,1.In the old days,when girls from rich families,were married to their husbands,they,expected to bring with themselves plenty,of,dowry,.,2.But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long,time.Then there will be a,drought,.,3.The snake,slithered,through the grass.,嫁妆,旱灾,爬行,滑行,生活,常识,对比,转折,因果,关系,同义词,构词法,定义,上下文,How to guess the meaning of words?,Lets try!,1.Yet,shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems,such as,shoplifters,who always take away things from the shop without paying for them.,2.The,herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.,3.Jane is,warm-hearted,she likes to help others.,冒充顾客在商店行窃的人,牧羊人,热心的,。