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1、1. clothes, cloth, clothingclothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of2. incident, accidentincident指小事件, acciden t指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount后接不可数名词， number后接可数名词 a number of students4. family, house, homehome 家，包括住处和家人，house
2、房子，住宅，family家庭成员.My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画Lets go and see a good picture.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单词He has a large vocabu
3、lary.8. population, peoplepopulation人口，人数，people具体的人China has a large population.9. weather, climateweather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.11.
4、 course, subjectcourse课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course12. custom, habitcustom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do， habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing.Ive got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth.the reason for being la
5、te14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习Practice makes perfect.15. class, lesson作课解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class.lesson 6; class 516. speech, talk, lecturespeech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲课a series of lecture on17. offic
6、er, officialofficer 部队的军官，official 政府官员an army officer18. work, job二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数a good job19. couple, paircouple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西a pair of trousers20. country, nation, state, landcountry侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家The whole nation was sad at the news.21. cook, cooker
7、cook 厨师，cooker 厨具He is a good cook.22. damage, damagesdamage 不可数名词, 损害，损失; damages 复数形式, 赔偿金$900 damages23. police, policemanpolice 警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察The police are questioning everyone in the house.24. problem, questionproblem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和a
8、sk, answer连用25. man, a manman人类，a man一个男人Man will conquer nature.26. chick, chicken二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉The chicken is delicious.27. telegram, telegraph当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的a telegram, by telegraph28. trip, journey, travel, voyagetravel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行a three-day
9、 trip.29. sport, gamesport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则His favorite sport is swimming.30. price, prizeprice价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金win the first prize The price is high/low.31. a number of, the number ofa number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing.32.
10、in front of, in the front ofin front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面In the front of the room sits a boy.33. of the day, of a dayof the day每一天的，当时的，当代的， of a day暂时的，不长久的a famous scientist of the day34. three of us, the three of usthree of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个人）The three of us-Tom, Ja
11、ck and I went to the cinema.35. by bus, on the busby bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围They went there by bus.36. for a moment, for the momentfor a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment 暂时，一时Thinking for a moment, he agreed.37. next year, the next yearnext year将来时间状语，the next year过去将来时间状语He said he would go abroad
12、 the next year.38. more than a year, more than one yearmore than a year 一年多，more than one year 超过一年（两年或三年等）39. take advice, take the(ones) advicetake advice征求意见，take the advice 接受忠告He refused to take the advice and failed again.40. take air, take the airtake air传播，走漏，take the air到户外去，散步We take the a
13、ir every day.41. in a word, in wordsin a word总之，一句话， in words 口头上In a word, you are right.42. in place of, in the place ofin place of代替，in the place of 在地方A new building is built in the place of the old one.43. in secret, in the secretin secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；in the secret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语My mothe
14、r was in the secret from the beginning.44. a girl, one girla girl 可泛指所有女孩, one girl一个女孩Can one girl carry such a big box?45. take a chair, take the chairtake a chair 相当于 sit down坐下，take the chair 开始开会46. go to sea, by sea, by the seago to sea 当海员，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea 在海边47. the doctor and tea
15、cher, the doctor and the teacherthe doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师48. in office, in the officein office在职的，in the office在办公室里He is in office, not out of office.49. in bed, on the bedin bed 卧在床上，on the bed 在床上The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.50. in charge of, in the charge ofin charge of 管理，负责照料， in the charge of 由照料He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.51. in class, in the classin class在课上，in the class 在班级里He is the best student in the class.52. on fire, on the fireon
