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1、专题03 Unit1 Unit4重点语法串讲1Unit1形容词的比较级和最高级形容词的比较级和最高级是在形容词原级的基础上进行变化的,分为规则变化和不规则变化: (1)规则变化类别构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般直接加-er,-estlongtalllongertallerlongesttallest以不发音的e 结尾时加-r,-stlatelargelaterlargerlatestlargest以辅音字母加y结尾时把y变i,再加-er,-esteasyhappyeasierhappiereasiesthappiest以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写最后的辅音
2、字母,再加-er,-estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前加more,mostcarefulmore carefulmostcarefulbeautifulmorebeautifulmost beautiful2.不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostbad/illworseworstlittlelessleastfarfarther(较远)further(进一步)farthest(最远)furthest(最大限度)oldolder(年纪较大的)elder(较年长的)old
3、est(年纪最大的)eldest(最年长的)一原级比较1.两者在某一方面相同时as+形容词或副词原级+as：和一样Lily is as slim as lucy.Lily does homework as carefully as lucy.2.表示一方在某方面不及另一方时：不如not as/so+形容词或副词原级+asIt is not so/as warm today as yesterday.she did not dance as/so beautifully as millie. 注意：当表示“不如”时，多音节的adj./adv.可用 “ less+形容词/副词”eg: This b
4、ook is less interesting than that one.比较级：用于两者之间的比较1. A+be+形容词比较级+than+Beg. Sandy is taller than Millie.A+动词+副词的比较级+than+Beg. Lucy runs faster than Millie.2. 可修饰adj./adv.比较级的词语much ,a little, even, still, far, no, a lot, no, anyeg. He looks much better today.The dog is still happier.The coat is a li
5、ttle bigger for me.3.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”bigger and bigger faster and fasterThe weather is getting hotter and hotter.多音节词：more and more +多音节词more and more quickly4. “The +adj./adv.比较级（+主语+谓语+其它），the+ adj./adv比较级（ +主语+谓语+其它）”的结构表示“越越”Eg. The more we do morning excises ,the healthier we will be.最高级：用于
6、三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较1. A+be+the +adj最高级+(名词)+in/of/among短语，表示“最”eg: Tom is the cleverest boy of the boys.A+V.+(the )+adv最高级+(名词)+in/of/amongeg: Tom runs the fastest of the boys.2. one of +the+最高级+复数名词 表示“最之一”eg: Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.3.“序数词+最高级+名词单数”表示“第几最”The Yellow River
7、is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。提醒：形容词最高级前有物主代词或指示代词，名词所有格等限定修饰时，不再加the.Milies best friend is Amy.当两个最高级的形容词修饰同一个名词时，后一个最高级的形容词前的the要省略Sandy is the youngest and cleverest boy in my class.一根据汉语提示完成句子There is nothing important in todays newspaper.今天的报纸上没有什么重要的内容。His idea sounds great.他的
8、主意听起来很棒。He is as tall as his father.他和他的父亲一样高。The film is too boring.这部电影太无聊了。It is even colder today.今天甚至更冷了。Suzhou is becoming more and more beautiful.苏州变得越来越美丽。This picture is the best of all.这幅画是所有的画中最好的。She is the second tallest girl in our class.她是我们班第二高的女生。二.单项选择1.Jogging is than many sportst
9、o start, just get some comfortable sports clothes and good running shoes. A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapestD.the cheapest答案B本题考查形容词比较级。根据空格后的than many sports可知,此空应填比较级,故选B。2.You want to lose weight? But why? You look quite slim to me.That may be true. But Im than last year.A.much heavierB.heavy enoughC.muc
10、h lighterD.light enough答案A句意:你想减肥?但是这是为什么呢?对我来说,你看起来非常苗条。这可能是真的,但我比去年重多了。根据句中的than可知,此空应填比较级,故排除B、D两项。由语境可知,此处应该是比去年重,故选A。3.What is the worlds mountain?Mount Qomolangma.A.lowerB.lowestC.higherD.highest答案Dlower更低的;lowest最低的;higher更高的;highest最高的。根据常识,珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。故答案为D。解题关键从答语Mount Qomolangma.及问句中的t
11、he worlds可以得知问句问的是世界上最高的山峰是什么。从而判断出设空处应该用最高级并且应该表示“最高的”。4.He was advised to eat fewer hamburgers and drink cola to keep fit.A.muchB.moreC.fewerD.less答案D句意:有人建议他少吃点汉堡包并且少喝点可乐来保持健康。本题考查形容词的比较等级。much许多,修饰不可数名词;more更多,修饰可数名词和不可数名词;fewer更少,修饰可数名词;less更少,修饰不可数名词。cola为不可数名词,排除C项;根据句意和常识可知,此处表示少喝可
12、乐。故选D项。5.Daniel is his twin brother. They are both 1.75 meters tall.A.taller thanB.shorter thanC.as tall asD.so tall as答案C句意:丹尼尔和他的双胞胎兄弟一样高。他们都是1.75米。本题考查形容词的比较等级。根据后句They are both 1.75 meters tall.可知,他们一样高。as tall as和一样高,so tall as只能用在否定句中。故选C项。Unit2副词的比较级和最高级一形容词变成副词的变化规则:1. 大多数形容词ly 构成副词e.g. care
13、ful-carefully, quiet-quietly2.以辅音字母“y”结尾的副词, 要先变“y”为“i”再“ly”:e.g.happy-happily3. 以“le”结尾的直接去 “e” “y”即可。e.g. terrible -terribly, gentle-gently (im) possible- (im) possibly,comfortable- comfortably, simple- simply 二副词比较级和最高级的词形变化1规则变化词形分类及变化方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般加-er或-esttalltallertallest以e结尾的，直接加-r或
14、-stnicenicernicest以一个重读闭音节结尾的，先双写该辅音字母再加-er或-estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottestfatfatterfattest以“辅音字母y”结尾的，先变y为i再加-er或-esthappyhappierhappiesteasyeasiereasiest其他双音节词/多音节词在前面加more或mostdifficultmore difficultmost difficult2.不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad (badly)/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest三、形容词和副词比较等级的用法1同级比较：
