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1、选修选修8 8Unit 1Unit 1A land of diversityA land of diversity-3-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子【识记阅读单词】1.straitn.海峡2.ministryn.(政府的)部;(全体)牧师;牧师的职责3.hardshipn.苦难;困苦4.federaladj.联邦制的;联邦政府的5.railn.铁路;扶手;(护栏的)横条6.aircraftn.飞行器;航空器;飞机7.vicen.&adj.代理;副职8.polen.地极;电极;磁极9.socialistn.社会主义者;社会党人adj.社会主义者的10.socialismn
2、.社会主义-4-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子11.tramn.(有轨)电车12.braken.闸;刹车;制动器vi.&vt.刹(车);用制动器减速13.ferryn.渡船;渡口vt.摆渡;渡运14.authorityn.权威;权力(pl.)当局;官方【拼写高频单词】1.boomn.(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期2.nephewn.侄子;外甥3.customsn.海关;关税;进口税4.occurvi.发生;出现5.cattlen.牛(总称)6.luggagen.行李(baggage)7.shavevt.&vi.(shaved;shaved,shaven)刮
3、;剃-5-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子8.slipvi.滑动;滑行;滑跤n.滑动;滑倒9.bakeryn.面包房;面包厂10.hirevt.&n.租用;雇用11.seagulln.海鸥12.nowhereadv.无处;到处都无13.justicen.正义;公平14.mournvt.&vi.哀悼;悼念;表示悲痛15.civiladj.公民的;国内的;民间的16.reformvt.&vi.改革;革新n.改革;改造;改良17.graspvt.&n.抓住;抓紧;掌握;领会18.insertvt.插入;嵌入-6-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子【拓展核心单词】
4、1.distinctadj.清晰的;明显的;明确的distinctionn.差别;区分;卓著2.meanvt.打算;意味meansn.手段;手法meaningn.意思3.majorityn.大多数;大半minorityn.少数4.electvt.选择;决定做某事;选举某人electionn.选择;选举5.percentn.百分比;百分数percentagen.百分比;百分率6.immigratevi.移入(外国定居)immigrationn.移民;移居入境7.racen.种族;民族racialadj.人种的;种族的-7-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子8.crossv.横渡
5、;横越crossingn.横渡;横越;十字路口;人行横道9.applyv.申请applicantn.申请人applicationn.申请10.indicatevt.指出;标示;表明;暗示indicatorn.指示物indicationn.迹象11.apparentadj.显而易见的;显然的;表面上的apparentlyadv.显然地;显而易见地12.conductv.指导;指挥conductorn.(公车)售票员;列车员;(乐队)指挥13.punishv.处罚;惩罚punishmentn.处罚;惩罚14.thankv.感激;感谢thankfuladj.感激的;感谢的-8-.单词.短语.句式.语
6、篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子1.与“雇用、辞退”有关的词汇全接触hiren.&vt.雇用employvt.雇用firevt.解雇dismissvt.解雇layoff解雇;下岗turnaway解雇takeon雇用-9-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子2.“多数”与“少数”majoradj.主要的vi.主修n.专业majorityn.大多数inthemajority占多数minoradj.少数的minorityn.少数intheminority占少数-10-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子3.单复数意义不同的名词custom(风俗习惯)customs(海关
7、)manner(方式)manners(礼貌)iron(铁)irons(镣铐)arm(手臂)arms(武器)glass(玻璃)glasses(眼镜)pain(痛苦)pains(劳苦)paper(纸)papers(文件)-11-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子4.“明显”相关单词集锦apparentapparentlyobviousobviouslyevidentevidentlydistinctdistinctly5.means相关用法大全bythismeans通过这种方式bymeansof.用办法;借助bynomeans决不;一点都不(置于句首时,句子需用部分倒装)byal
8、lmeans当然可以;一定;务必;尽一切办法byanymeans无论如何-12-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子6.mark常用搭配markout划出(界线、范围)markwith以为标记,以表明makeamark做标记earnhighmarks获得高分,取得优良成绩givesb.agoodmark给某人好的分数highmark高分lowmark低分-13-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子【识记】1.theArctic北极2.makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等3.markout用线画出范围;标出界线4.backtoback背靠背-14-.单词.
9、短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子【默写】1.包括;吸收takein2.坚持;维持;沿袭(传统、风俗等)keepup3.继续存在;继续生存liveon4.与合作或一起工作teamupwith5.用办法;借助bymeansof.6.许多;很多agreat/goodmany7.申请;请示得到applyfor8.好好欣赏get/haveagoodviewof-15-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子“动词+on”短语荟萃decideon对作出决定counton依赖centeron以为中心acton对起作用;按照行事buildon建立于operateon给做手术waiton
10、服侍stepon踩;踏lookon旁观liveon继续存在;继续生存-16-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子1.However,it is likely thatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而,可能至少在15,000年以前美洲土著人就生活在加利福尼亚了。考点提炼Itislikelythat.意为“很可能”。在该句型中,it为句子的形式主语,that从句为真正的主语。2.That is whytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanish
11、asafirstorsecondlanguage.那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。考点提炼Thatiswhy.意为“那就是的原因”,在该句型中,why引导表语从句。-17-.单词.短语.句式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子1.他很可能会受伤,因为他总是很轻易就相信别人。It is likely that he will get hurt because he always trusts people easily.2.那就是这家工厂没有接纳他的原因。Thats why the factory didnt take him in.-18-.单词.短语.句
12、式.语篇填空积累串记联想归纳仿造句子In1848,notlong1.aftertheAmerican-Mexicanwar,gold2.was discovered(discover)inCalifornia.Thedreamofbecomingrich3.quickly(quick)attractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.The4.nearest(near),andthereforethefirst5.to arrive(arrive),wereSouthAmericansandpeoplefromtheUnitedStates.Then6.adventurer
13、s(adventure)fromEuropeandAsiasoonfollowed.Infact,fewachievedtheirdreamofbecomingrich.Somediedorreturnedhome,7.butmostremainedinCaliforniatomake8.alifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.Theysettledinthenewtownsoronfarms.9.BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobecomethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,10.i
14、twasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.-19-核心词汇核心句式234511.meansn.手段;方法【教材原句】ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时期曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。领悟高考究考法完成或翻译句子(1)Olderparentswouldhavecalledtheirchildrenift
15、hemeansofdoingsohadnotbeenabarrier.如果年纪大的父母这样做没有障碍的话,他们会给孩子打电话的。(2)Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.一切可能的办法都试过了。-20-核心词汇核心句式23451(3)Theissueisnotalackofmeanstomeetyourdesires.问题并不在于缺乏满足你欲望的手段。(4)Thequickestmeansoftravelisbyplane.最快捷的旅行方式是乘飞机。联想拓展记考点(1)bymeansof.用办法;借助(2)bynomeans决不;一点也不(位于句首时,句子用部分倒装)-
16、21-核心词汇核心句式234512.majorityn.多数;大半【教材原句】OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.在首批移居加利福尼亚州的西班牙人中,大部分是宗教人士,他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。派生majoradj.较大的;主要的;主修的(无比较级)n.主修科目v.主修反义词minorityn.少数-22-核心词汇核心句式23451领悟高考究考法翻译或完成句子(1)ItsChineseLite
17、raturemajorisperfectforyouwhereyoucanbecompletelysoaked(沉浸在中)inChineseprofoundhistoryandrichculture.(2018北京,书面表达)它的中国文学专业是最适合你的专业,你可以完全沉浸在中国深厚的历史和丰富的文化中。(2)Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthorsmajorconcern?(2018北京,阅读理解D)关于无人驾驶汽车,作者最关心的是什么?(3)Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingthei
18、rprogramme.(2016天津,阅读理解A)在开始这个项目前,大多数人要参加一次网络语言测试。-23-核心词汇核心句式23451单句写作(4)我或许会选择放弃而尊重大多数人的意见。Imaychoosetogiveitupandrespecttheopinionofthemajority.(5)多数人赞成这个提议。Themajoritywas/wereinfavorofthesuggestion.联想拓展记考点(1)themajorityof.后接名词复数或代词,意思是“大多数,大部分”,表示复数概念,相当于“most+名词”或“mostofthe+名词”或“mostof+代词”,谓语动词
19、用复数形式。(2)themajority单独做主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式都可以。(3)inthe/amajority“占多数”,常用作表语。(4)by/withamajority(of.)“以多数票”。-24-核心词汇核心句式234513.keepup坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)【教材原句】In1911immigrantsfromDenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown,whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirDanishculture.1911年丹麦移民建立了他们自己的城镇,那里至今仍保留着丹麦文化。领悟高考究考法写出句子中keepup的意思
20、(1)Theyhavekeptuptheirfriendshipforthirtyyears.维持(2)Wekeptuparegularcorrespondencewiththem.坚持(3)Weareveryanxioustokeepupthetraditionofthefirm.沿袭单句写作(4)爵士乐应该跟上时代的步伐。(2017全国,阅读理解C)Jazzshouldkeepupwiththetimes.-25-核心词汇核心句式23451联想拓展记考点(1)keepaway(使)不接近(2)keepawayfrom(使)不接近(3)keepback阻止前进;阻止的进展;隐瞒;扣留;保留(
21、4)keepon继续前进;继续工作(5)keepoutof(使)在外;(使)不入内(6)keepupwith跟上,不落人之后;保持接触-26-核心词汇核心句式234514.occurvi.发生;出现【教材原句】Itdidntoccurtomethat.我没有想到领悟高考究考法完成句子(1)Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhatsaroundthem.(2018天津,阅读理解D)他们很少会想到要放慢脚步,花点时间关注周围的事物。(2)Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetopar
22、kwhenanaccidentoccurred.我正在街上找地方停车的时候,发生了一起事故。-27-核心词汇核心句式23451句型转换(3)Itoccurredtoherthatsheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.Itstruckherthatsheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.Ithitherthatsheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.她突然想到要收养这个无家可归的孩子。-28-核心词汇核心句式234515.indicatevt.指示;表明【教材原句】Trytousetheexpressionsabovetoind
23、icatethatyouarelisteningcarefullytoyourpartner.试着(在对话中)运用上面的表达来表明你正在认真地倾听你的同伴说话。派生indicationn.指示,迹象领悟高考究考法翻译句子或用indicate的适当形式填空(1)Thearrowindicatesthewaytoourschool.箭头指示出到我们学校的路线。-29-核心词汇核心句式23451(2)Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigp
24、artofmanychildrenslives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.(2018全国,阅读理解C)虽然过去十年青少年读者阅读量急剧下降,但报告中的一些数据显示,阅读仍然是许多孩子生活的重要组成部分,该报告还指出父母应如何鼓励(孩子)更多地阅读。(3)Theweatherreportindicatedthatitwasgoingtobesunny.天气预报说天气将转晴。(4)Thereareclearindicationsthattheeconomyisimproving.有明显的迹象显示经济正开始好转。-30-核
25、心词汇核心句式23451联想拓展记考点(1)indicateby用指示(2)indicatewithoneseyes用目光示意(3)indicateonesintention表明意图(4)indicatefineweather预示好天气-31-核心词汇核心句式211.However,it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而,可能至少在15,000年以前美洲土著人就生活在加利福尼亚了。分析提炼究考法Itislikelythat.“很可能”,
26、此句型可转化为:sb./sth.islikelytodo.“某人/某物可能”联想拓展记考点likely,possible和probable都表示“可能”,但只有likely能用人做主语。常用于以下结构:Itispossiblethatsb.(possible)Sb.islikelytodo./Itislikelythatsb.(likely)Itisprobablethatsb.(probable)-32-核心词汇核心句式21领悟考法用考点用所给词的适当形式填空或完成句子(1)Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelyt
27、ostick(stick)tohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.(2018全国,七选五)如果你每天一大早就进行户外锻炼,那么你就更有可能坚持每天都吃健康的食物。(2)Whoismorelikelytoget(get)thejob?(2016四川,阅读理解A)谁更有可能得到这份工作?(3)Itislikelythatbabiesarenotbornknowingthisbasicfactoftheuniverse;noraretheyevenclearlytaughtit.(2016浙江,阅读理解C)婴儿们很可能并不是生来就知道关于宇宙的这一事实,他们甚至都没
28、被教导过。-33-核心词汇核心句式21用likely,possible,probable填空(4)Peoplewhohavepersonalitytraitsthatconnectwithcompetitivenessandlowupsettolerancearemuchmorelikelytogetangry.(2018北京,七选五)(5)Hewaslikelytowintherace,buthefelltothegroundandmissedthechance.(6)Isitlikely/possible/probablethatIgettothecitybytrain,ormustIta
29、keabus?-34-核心词汇核心句式212.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。分析提炼究考法This/Thatiswhy.为表语从句的常用句型结构,意为“这/那就是的原因”。This/Thatisbecause.这/那是因为Thisisthereasonwhy.这就是的原因。Thereasonwhy.isthat.的原因是-35-核心词汇核心句式21领悟考法用考点翻译或完成句子(1)Thisiswhyyoures
30、avingmylife.(2016北京,阅读理解A)这就是为什么说是你拯救了我的生命。(2)Thedeadlineisdrawingnear.Thisiswhyweareverybusy.最后期限要到了。这就是我们很忙的原因。(3)Thisisthereasonwhytheyrefusedtosigntheagreement.这就是他们拒绝签订协议的原因。-36-.单句填空1.Soshehired(hire)atrucktobringallthebookstothehousesoffriendsinthesuburbs(郊区).(20176浙江,完形填空)2.14hourslaterthefi
31、lmshadlost13%oftheirmassapparently(apparent)brokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromthewormsstomachs.(2018北京,阅读理解C)3.Therewaseveryindication(indicate)thatshewasjustanotherAmericanteenagerwithoutmuchofafuture.(2016江苏,阅读理解D)4.Theycometocamp,wantingtoknowwhatitisliketobeanastronautorapilot,andtheyleavewithreal-world
32、applications(apply)forwhattheyrestudyingintheclassroom.(2018北京,阅读理解B)5.Youcanteamupwithanotherclassmemberifyouwant.6.Themajorityofpeopleprefer(prefer)peacetowar.7.Inthisschool,womenteachersareinthemajority(major).-37-8.Hecouldntexpresshimselfcorrectlybymeansofwords.9.Childrenshouldbekeptawayfromther
33、iver.10.Theydontthinktheymustkeepupwiththeirneighbours.-38-.话题写作(多元文化)(一)根据提示翻译句子1.自从1978年改革以来,中国经历了移民大潮。(immigrationmovements)Since the reform in 1978,China has experienced immigration movements.2.据报道成千上万的农民从农村来到城市。(Itisreported.)It is reported that thousands of farmers came from the countryside to
34、 the cities.3.尽管辛苦,他们中的多数人都能适应城市生活。(despite;themajority)The majority of them can make a life in the cities despite great hardship.-39-4.有些甚至申请到了城市居民权。(applyfor)Some even have applied for right to live in the city.5.他们通过努力工作为城市的繁荣做出了贡献。(bymeansof;makegreatcontributionsto)They have made great contribu
35、tions to the boom of the cities by means of working hard.-40-(二)将第(一)题中的句子,按照合理的逻辑顺序,加入适当的过渡词,连句成篇。根据表达的需要可适当增加细节。Since the reform in 1978,China has experienced immigration movements.It is reported that thousands of farmers came from the countryside to the cities.The majority of them can make a life in the cities despite great hardship,and some even have applied for right to live in the city.They have made great contributions to the boom of the cities by means of working hard.
