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1、Unit 5一、单词拼写一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。1. _ 5kwCliti5kwCliti n. 品质；性质品质；性质2_ ri5pQblikri5pQblik n. 共和国；共和政体共和国；共和政体3_ 5prinsEpl5prinsEpl n. 原则；原则； 原理原理4_ 5nAFEnElizEm5nAFEnElizEm n. 民族主义；国家主义民族主义；国家主义5_ 5pi:sful5pi:sful adj. 平静的；安静的平静的；安静的6_ 5piEriEd5piEriEd n. 时期；周期时期；周期 7_ Ed5vaizEd5
2、vaiz vt. 劝告；忠告劝告；忠告8_ kEn5tinjukEn5tinju: v. 继续继续9_ ju:Wu:W n. 青年；青年时期青年；青年时期 10_ vEJtvEJt vt. 投票；选举投票；选举 qualityrepublicprinciplenationalism peaceful periodadvisecontinueyouth vote 11_ steidVsteidV n. 舞台；阶段舞台；阶段12_ pE5ziFEnpE5ziFEn n. 职位；位置职位；位置13_ 5vaiElEns5vaiElEns n. 暴力；暴行暴力；暴行14_ 5i:kwEl5i:kwEl
3、 adj. 相等的；平等的相等的；平等的15_ 5edju:keItId5edju:keItId adj. 受过教育的；有教受过教育的；有教养的养的 16_ 5kru:EltI5kru:EltI n. 残忍；残酷残忍；残酷17_ 5kriminl5kriminl n. 罪犯；犯罪者罪犯；犯罪者18_ 5prezidEnt5prezidEnt n. 总统；会长总统；会长19_ 5sentEns5sentEns vt. 判决；宣判判决；宣判20_ 5terE5terE n. 恐怖；恐怖活动恐怖；恐怖活动stagepositionviolenceequaleducated crueltycrimin
4、alpresidentsentenceterror二、单词运用二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1. With the _in him, we consider him a great person.2. The t _of the criminals in Tibet caused great trouble to the _life of the native Tibetans.3. The professor _ the terrorists
5、 be s _to death to give the others a warning. 4. The little girls performed wonderfully on the _ , as the teachers expected.5. Only a few people had the chances to _ for the position. Most people felt sorry.be voted qualities errors advise stageentencedpeaceful6. His remarks did v _to the truth, whi
6、ch made Chinese people very angry .7. “ Equal work , equal pay ” is always his _as a chief manager .8. “No e_ people will behave that way!” , stated the headmaster angrily .9. We are clearer about terrorists c _through their v_ to the shops , the people and the soldiers.10.The mid-aged man in the en
7、d _her as his lifelong companion.educatedviolence principle cruelty violences accepted 三、词语派生三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1. He is _to major in medicine against his parents _ .( will) 2. Now that “ _speak louder than words” , why not take an _part in it ? (act)3. You have your _,but I _to go
8、 hiking in the forest .(choose)4. We suffered a lot from the _rain these days. (continue)5. The program on free _ will benefit a lot of people in the rural areas. (educate)willing will actions active choice have chosen continuous education 6. The soldier died _for the _of the world. (peace)7. The vi
9、sitors were _at the _of the _in Tebit. (terror)8. The middle school students joined the _ League last week .(young)9. The colored people are still calling for the _ .(equal)10. The sense of _ over spread , which caused great disorder in the streets. (nation)peacefully peace terrorists terrifiedterro
10、rsYouth equality nationalism 四、词组互译四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。1 1_ _ 与与相处很好相处很好2 2_ _ 愿意做愿意做事情事情3 3_ _ 丧失信心丧失信心4 4_ _ 失业失业5 5_ _ 事实上事实上6 6_ _ 将将关进监狱关进监狱7 7_ _ 当权；上台当权；上台8 8_ _ 被判处被判处徒刑徒刑9 9_ _ 处于不幸之中处于不幸之中get on well withbe willing to do somethinglose heartout of workas a matter of factp
11、utin prisoncome to powerbe sentenced to in trouble10. be jealous of _11. blow up _ 12. be worried about _13. answer violence with violence _14. give upfor _15. put in a position _16. stop somebody from doing something _嫉妒嫉妒使充气；爆炸使充气；爆炸对对着急着急 以暴制暴以暴制暴为为而放弃而放弃将将关入监狱关入监狱阻止；使不能阻止；使不能五、词组填空五、词组填空 根据句子提供的
12、语境，从第四大题中选一根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空。个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空。1The earnings cant meet the needs of the family, for he _for some time.2Nelson Mandela never _even when he was in prison.3Never laugh at those_ .4If you will, it will be very easy for you to _with them.5_, no language is very easy to lea
13、rn. Keep up, everything will be ok.As a matter of fact has been out of workgave upin troubleget on well with6People were glad to hear that the terrorists _death.7_is not his principle. It is beyond our imagination.8I failed once again. How I _your easy success.9If the newly-elected president _, ever
14、ything will be changed. I am sure.10. The heavy rain _catching the early bus.stopped me fromhad been sentenced toAnswering violence with violenceam jealous ofcomes to power六、翻译填空六、翻译填空 根据汉语意思，从上述短语中选一个恰当根据汉语意思，从上述短语中选一个恰当的词组完成句子。的词组完成句子。1我很愿意去北京为即将举行的奥运会当义工。我很愿意去北京为即将举行的奥运会当义工。I _work as an unpaid h
15、and for the Olympic Games to be held in Beijing .2. 因为严重堵车，我没办法准时出席哪个会议。因为严重堵车，我没办法准时出席哪个会议。The heavy traffic jam _the meeting on time.3. 我们一直担心的事情终于发生了。我们一直担心的事情终于发生了。What we _has happened in the end. 4. 是坚持还是放弃，由你自己定。是坚持还是放弃，由你自己定。Its up to you to decide whether to _or keep up.5. 看见气球爆了，小男孩还是忍不住哭起
16、来。看见气球爆了，小男孩还是忍不住哭起来。Seeing the balloon _, the little boy couldnt keep back his tears.blowing up am willing tostopped me from attendinghave been worried aboutgive upLanguage points die for 为某种事业或目的而死为某种事业或目的而死 die for ones country/ the people/ the cause. die of 死于内因死于内因 die from 死于外因死于外因 die from a
17、car accident. 由于车祸而死由于车祸而死 die by 死于暴力死于暴力, 刀或剑等凶器刀或剑等凶器 die by the sword/hanging.be dying for 极想得到极想得到.She is dying for a cup of water. die through carelessness 因过失而死因过失而死diedown 凋落凋落, 消失消失die away 消失（渐渐远去）消失（渐渐远去）The sound died away. 声音渐渐远去。声音渐渐远去。die out 绝种绝种 This kind of animal is dying out. He
18、fought against the German Nazis and Japanese invaders during World War II. 二战时期他抵抗德国纳粹和日本侵略者。二战时期他抵抗德国纳粹和日本侵略者。 fight (fought, fought) fight for 为为而战而战 fight against 与与作斗争作斗争 We will have to fight against difficulties. They told the workers to fight for their rights. He founded the first Republic in
19、 China in 1911 after many years fighting. 经过多年斗争他于经过多年斗争他于19111911在中国创建了第在中国创建了第一个共和国。一个共和国。 found (founded, founded) 建立，创建立，创建建 find (found, found) The hospital was founded in 1920. Have you found your missing pen? He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; peoples rights; peoples l
20、ivelihood. 他坚信三条原则：民族，民权，民生。他坚信三条原则：民族，民权，民生。 believe in 信任，信仰信任，信仰 Do you believe in God? We believe in our government. believe sb. = believe what sb. says 相信相信某人的话某人的话 believe in sb. 信任某人信任某人 He believe what he said because I believe in him.Do not talk (in) that way.(In) this way, you can remember
21、 the spelling. Dont stand in the /my way.He is better in some way (s).He picked a pen on the way to school. in a peaceful way以和平的方式以和平的方式那样那样这样这样碍事碍事在某些方面在某些方面在往在往的路上的路上 He gave up a rich life for his ideas and fought for his country to be free from the UK in a peaceful way. 他为了他的思想而放弃了富裕生活，并且用和平他为了
22、他的思想而放弃了富裕生活，并且用和平方式为他的国家摆脱英国而进行了战斗。方式为他的国家摆脱英国而进行了战斗。 give up 表示主动放弃或屈服表示主动放弃或屈服 He has decided to give up smoking. give in 表示被动屈服或认输，表示被动屈服或认输， 后面不带宾语后面不带宾语 You cant win the game, so you may as well give in. free from 摆脱（不好的东西）的，无摆脱（不好的东西）的，无的的 Keep the children free from harm. You should try to w
23、rite sentences free from mistakes. He fought for the black people and was in prison for almost thirty years. 他为黑人而战且坐过三十年监狱。他为黑人而战且坐过三十年监狱。 be in prison 在狱中，被监禁在狱中，被监禁 He has been in prison for five years. putin prison = sendto prison = throw into prison 把把投入监狱投入监狱 The car thieves have been put in p
24、rison. He was sent to prison for ten years. in prison囚禁囚禁be sent to prison (被送进监狱被送进监狱)be in prison (在监狱里在监狱里)be thrown into prison (被投入监狱被投入监狱)break prison (越狱越狱)prison表示蹲监狱时表示蹲监狱时, 其前不用冠词其前不用冠词throw sb. into prison= send /take sb. to prisonHe had been in prison for 20 years . The man was put in pr
25、ison for stealing a car. Anyone who breaks the law should be thrown into prison. They all went to the prison to visit the prisoners. 类似类似: bed, church, class, college, hospital, school, university, market The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. period 期间，时期，学
26、校的一节课，周期期间，时期，学校的一节课，周期 Lets finish this period and have a break. a period of rotation 自转周期自转周期 the time when 其中其中when when 引起定语从句引起定语从句 This was a time when you had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Do you still remember the time when we first met? the time 可用于引起时间状语从句，这时一般可用于引起时间状语从句
27、，这时一般不加不加whenwhen。 I recognized him the time I saw him. continue + to do continue doing 继续做某事继续做某事go on doing他继续睡觉，好像什么也没有发生。他继续睡觉，好像什么也没有发生。He continued sleeping/ to sleep as if nothing had happened.*fee: 服务费，酬金（如付予私人教师，医生等）服务费，酬金（如付予私人教师，医生等）Pay the lawyers fees (付律师费付律师费)fare: (公共汽车，轮船，出租车等的公共汽车，
28、轮船，出租车等的)费用，票价费用，票价到伦敦的公共汽车费是多少？到伦敦的公共汽车费是多少？Ex. Travel at half/full/reduced _(半价票旅行半价票旅行). A bill for school _ (学费帐单学费帐单).What is the bus fare to London? farefeesvworry about =be worried about I worry about your health.I am worried about your health.I worried about your health.I was worried about y
29、our health.担心的神色担心的神色 a worried lookDont be worried. - Take it easyout of work/job= lose ones job = be unemployed失业失业, 没有工作没有工作His mother has been out of work for half a year. in work 有工作有工作Is her husband in work? out of 意为意为“在在之外之外”,“向向外外”;表示失去表示失去,没有没有,用完用完;不再处于某种状况。反义词为不再处于某种状况。反义词为into或或in。 The
30、little boy ran out of the room. He took my books out of my schoolbag. Dont run into the room. Can you put your raincoat in your pocket? out of breath 上气不接下气上气不接下气out of patience 不耐烦不耐烦out of petrol 汽油用完了汽油用完了out of use 没用了没用了out of order 出故障了出故障了out of control 失控了失控了out of danger 脱离危险了脱离危险了 out of s
31、ight 看不见了看不见了out of fashion 不时兴不时兴out of date 过时过时out of repair 无法修葺无法修葺Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见眼不见, 心不烦。心不烦。as as+主语主语+can/could 尽可能尽可能, 尽量尽量= as as + possibleHe was running as fast as he could. =He was running as fast as possible. You must speak English as often as you can. =You must speak E
32、nglish _. as often as possibleThey did the experiment as carefully as they could. =They did the experiment _. Try to make as few mistakes as you can. =Try to make _.as carefully as possibleas few mistakes as possibleWe were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, o
33、r fight the government.我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。in which引导定语从句，相当于引导定语从句，相当于where，但意义更准确。，但意义更准确。如：如：After three hours ride, we came to the house in which he was born.乘车乘车3个小时后我们来到了他出生的那所房子。个小时后我们来到了他出生的那所房子。Think of a place to which we can go for din
34、ner.想一个我们可以去吃饭的地方。想一个我们可以去吃饭的地方。accept“接受接受”，指的是主观上接受了，指的是主观上接受了receive“收到收到”，指客观收到但不一定接受，指客观收到但不一定接受我接受了他的邀请去参加晚会。我接受了他的邀请去参加晚会。I accepted his invitation to the party我收到了他的邀请，但我没有接受。我收到了他的邀请，但我没有接受。I received his invitation,but I didnt accept.We were put in a position in which we had either to acce
35、pt we were less important, or fight the government.either. or.(两者之中两者之中)或或 (之一之一) You may stay either in a hotel or in a private house. I want to visit either Paris or London. Either you or I am wrong. Either of the boys likes singing. Either day is OK.either orneither nornot onlybut alsoThere be主谓一
36、致用就近原则主谓一致用就近原则neithernorHe has neither money nor social position.Neither parent cares what happens to the child.Neither of the boys likes to play such a game. bothandBoth he and I are wrong. Both of the boys like singing. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our righ
37、ts and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 过去三十年里出现了最过去三十年里出现了最多的法律来剥夺我们的权利多的法律来剥夺我们的权利, , 阻挡我们的进步阻挡我们的进步, ,直到今直到今天我们已经到了几乎没有任何权力的地步天我们已经到了几乎没有任何权力的地步. . see 在此句意为在此句意为“见证，目睹见证，目睹”；( (在某段时期在某段时期) )发生发生( (某情况某情况),),经历经历, ,经受经受; ; 为某事发生之时，主语为时间为某事发生之时，主
38、语为时间 The last few months has seen more and more traffic accidents. The city has seen many changes. 4. The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people 他们在城里的住宅区都是由白人决定的。他们在城里的住宅区都是由白人决定的。 decided by white people 作定语饰作定语饰places。= which were decided by white people 被困在楼里的人们被困在楼里的
39、人们 the people trapped in the building= the people who were trapped in the building过去分词过去分词作定语修饰作定语修饰people定语从句定语从句作定语修饰作定语修饰people only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只是在那时我们才决定只是在那时我们才决定以暴力对暴力。以暴力对暴力。 only then 此处引起倒装句，当此处引起倒装句，当onlyonly修饰状语位修饰状语位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装的结构。于句首时，句子采用部分倒装
40、的结构。 Only by practicing a few hours every day will you be able to master English. only 修饰主语时，句子不倒装。修饰主语时，句子不倒装。 Only he knew how to solve the problem.answer 在本句中意为在本句中意为“对付对付”1. 接，应（与接，应（与door, bell, phone等连用）等连用） 2. 适应（需要等）适应（需要等） 3. answer back 顶嘴顶嘴 那女孩喜欢顶嘴。那女孩喜欢顶嘴。I will go and answer the phone.T
41、he plan will not answer our needs.That girl likes answering back. As a matter of fact, I do not like violencebut in 1936 I helped him blow up some government buildings. 事实上我不喜欢暴力事实上我不喜欢暴力但在但在19631963年我帮年我帮他炸了一些政府大楼他炸了一些政府大楼. . as a matter of fact = in fact As a matter of fact, I dont know the truth.
42、as a matter of fact- in factFinally we achieved our dream.Finally our dream _ _.came truemake black and white people equalmake + 宾语宾语 + 宾补宾补(名词，名词， 形容词，动词形容词，动词)We will make him monitor.Our maths teacher made us interested in maths.The boss made him work fourteen hours a day.achieve ones dream of do
43、ing sthBut I was happy to help because I knew it was to realize our dream of making black and white people equal.但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们的但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。黑人和白人平等的梦想。“It was + 不定式不定式”结构表示结构表示“按计划或安排将要做按计划或安排将要做的事的事”，该结构在此处相当于，该结构在此处相当于It was time to do sth.It was (time) to get rid o
44、f your bad habit of smoking.该戒除你那抽烟的坏习惯了。该戒除你那抽烟的坏习惯了。be equal to 等于，相当于等于，相当于Im not equal to the position.Women demand equal pay for equal work.w You cannot imagine how the sound of the name of Robben Island made us afraid. 你想象不到你想象不到听到罗本岛这个名字令我们多么害怕听到罗本岛这个名字令我们多么害怕。 w imagine n./doing sth./sb.+doi
45、ng/thatw Can you imagine life without electricity?w I dint imagine becoming a writer in my childhood.w I cant imagine her marrying him.w Imagine that you are a bird.2. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evening when we should have been asleep. 在午餐的休息时间和晚在午餐的休息时间和晚上我们本应该睡觉的时候他教授我们。上我们本应该睡觉的
46、时候他教授我们。 should do & should have done He should have come earlier. You should come earlier tomorrow. You should have written to your mother. My teacher said I should study harder. I should have studied harder when I was young. should do 表示应该做，一般指现在或将表示应该做，一般指现在或将来的动作，指过去的动作时应站在过去的来的动作，指过去的动作时应站在过去的角
47、度。角度。 should have done 表示本应该做而没有表示本应该做而没有做的。站在现在的角度上评说过去的事情。做的。站在现在的角度上评说过去的事情。asleep, sleep & sleepy-Is he still sleeping?-Yes, he is fast asleep.I was too sleepy to hear the end of her talk.I usually sleep seven hours a day.asleep 是表语形容词，意为是表语形容词，意为“睡着睡着的的”。sleep 是动词或名词，意为是动词或名词，意为“睡觉睡觉”。sleepy 是形
48、容词，意为是形容词，意为“打盹的打盹的”。3. They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass their exams. 由于他们不如我聪明而又确实通过了考由于他们不如我聪明而又确实通过了考试试 did pass 为为强调结构，强调谓语动强调结构，强调谓语动词时，在动词原行前加词时，在动词原行前加do, does, did. Do be careful! I do hope you have a merry Christmas! He does speak English well!4. I did not work again for tw
49、enty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994. come to power = come into power 执政执政 in power 当权，执政当权，执政 Things have changed a lot since he came to power. How long has he been in power?5. All the terror and fear of that time came back to me. terror n. 恐怖，可怕的人或事恐怖，可怕的人或事 The murder was
50、 a terror to the people in the town. fear n. 恐惧，可怕恐惧，可怕 vt. 恐惧，害怕恐惧，害怕 + n./to do /that Do you fear death? She fears to speak in our presence. I fear that we cant protect ourselves.for fear of & for fear that 担心担心 He left an hour earlier for fear of missing the train. She worried for fear that the c
51、hild would be hurt.6. I remembered the beatings and the cruelty of the guards and my friends who had died. beating n. 打、输打、输 They gave him a good beating. They gave our team quite a beating. beat n. 敲击，跳动敲击，跳动 We heard the beat of a drum. Can you hear the beat of my heart?7. They said that the job a
52、nd the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. reward n. 报酬，奖金报酬，奖金 He worked hard but without much reward. in reward 作为报酬作为报酬 She got nothing in reward for her kindness. vt. 酬谢，给以报答酬谢，给以报答 He rewarded me with a prize. Gramm
53、arRevision1.Is he the man_wants to see you?2.He is the man _I saw yesterday.3.They ran to help the man _car had broken down.4.The book_he is carrying is about to drop.Notes:Notes:引导定语从句的连词叫关系代词或关系副词。引导定语从句的连词叫关系代词或关系副词。关系代词：关系代词：who,whom,whose,that,whichwho,whom,whose,that,which关系副词：关系副词：when,where,
54、whywhen,where,why关系副词还相当于关系副词还相当于“介词介词+which+which”的结构的结构who/thatwhom/thatwhosewhich/that一、关系代词（一、关系代词（who, whom, which, who, whom, which, thatthat，whosewhose）指人指人 指物指物在定语从句中的作用在定语从句中的作用Who主语主语宾语宾语Whom宾语宾语Which主语主语宾语宾语that主语主语宾语宾语whose定语定语1.This is the best hotel in the city _ I know. A.It B. where
55、C. that D. Which2. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose3. Is there anything else_ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. whatpractice4. Whats the name of the man_? A. you borrowed his car B. which car you borrowed C. whose car you borrowed D.
56、 his car you borrowed5、They have decided to finish their work, _ I think is a wise choice.A、who B、thatC、what D、which that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下但在下列情况下, 一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. This is the
57、first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1) 先行词为先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。(2)先行词被先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等等 修饰时。修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same修饰时。修饰时。在
58、下列情况下只用在下列情况下只用which,不用不用that。1，引导非限定性定语从句。，引导非限定性定语从句。2，直接作介词的宾语。，直接作介词的宾语。3，避免与，避免与that重复。重复。Here he worked on a short film, which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world.Many people were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the s
59、hark.二、关系副词：二、关系副词：when, where, why1.1.where where 表示地点，只能跟在表地点或场合表示地点，只能跟在表地点或场合的名词后。的名词后。 注意注意：wherewhere不在从句中作主语或宾语。不在从句中作主语或宾语。vWhat is the name of the town where we stayed last night?vThink of a place where we can go for dinner.vPlease leave the book at the place where it was.2. whenwhen表示时间，只能
60、跟在表时间的名词后。表示时间，只能跟在表时间的名词后。v Tell me the time when the train leaves.v July, when (=in which ) we can go home for a rest, is coming soon.3. whywhy表示原因，通常跟在表示原因，通常跟在reasonreason后引导定语后引导定语从句。从句。vI dont know the reason why he left here.vThis is the reason why (= for which) he cried.Exercise用用where, whic
61、h, when, whose填空填空1）Dorothy always spoke highly of her role in the play ，of course, _made the others unhappy.2) I shall never forget the days _ I lived in the country with my parents.3) The factory _ his brother works lies in the south of the city.4) They took care of the old man _ son lost his life
62、 in the fire.whichwhenwherewhose1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebook_shepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?5.Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies.on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough which三、介词三、介词+which关系副词的用法关系副词的用法关系副关系副词指代指代在从句中的作用在从句中的作用when (=at/in/on /during/ which) where (=in/at/ which)why (=for which) 时间时间时间状语时间状语地点地点地点状语地点状语原因原因原因状语原因状语v关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。定语从句中充当状语。
