Module 5A Trip Along the Three Gorges Revision of modal verbs 情态动词情态动词一、特征一、特征1) 情态动词本身有词义情态动词本身有词义, 表示说话人的语气表示说话人的语气或情态或情态, 但词义不完全但词义不完全, 不能单独作谓语动词不能单独作谓语动词, 只能和不带只能和不带to的动词不定式的动词不定式(即动词原型即动词原型) (ought等除外等除外)一起构成谓语动词一起构成谓语动词2) 情态动词所表示的情态有情态动词所表示的情态有: 命令、允许、命令、允许、请求、拒绝、愿望、愿意、义务、必要、可请求、拒绝、愿望、愿意、义务、必要、可能、敢于、需要等能、敢于、需要等 形式变化形式变化1) 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，第三情态动词没有人称和数的变化，第三人称单数的现在时也无变化人称单数的现在时也无变化2) 有些情态动词有过去式，有的过去式有些情态动词有过去式，有的过去式和它的原型相同和它的原型相同如：如：can – could; shall - should 情态动词的种类情态动词的种类情态动词分为三种情况：情态动词分为三种情况：1. 只用作情态动词的有：只用作情态动词的有：must, can / could, may / might, ought to, be able to2. 既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有：既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有：need, dare，，have /had to, used to 基本用法基本用法1.can, could2. ①① 一般或永久的一般或永久的“能力能力”.②② 表可能性；表可能性；肯定句中表示理论上的可能性肯定句中表示理论上的可能性; 还可以表示偶然的可能性还可以表示偶然的可能性。
Children can be tiresome sometimes.③③ 表示请求或允许表示请求或允许④④ 表推测，不信任，表推测，不信任，惊异，怀疑，惊异，怀疑，用于否定用于否定句或疑问句句或疑问句 can & be able to be able to表示经过努力或克服困难最终表示经过努力或克服困难最终完成某事完成某事=managed to do; 有多种时态有多种时态 ① will表示表示 “意愿意愿” “意图意图”, 用于用于各种人称各种人称② 表向对方提出请示或询问，用于疑问句表向对方提出请示或询问，用于疑问句中第二人称中第二人称 ③ will表示现在的习惯动作或状态，表示现在的习惯动作或状态，would表过去的习惯，表过去的习惯，“老是、总是老是、总是”④ will表客观规律表客观规律Tomorrow will be my birthday.2. will \ would would & used to doused to do 既可表过去的习惯性动作又可表状态 Life in the 21st century is much easier than it used to be. 3. may & might①① 表示表示 “允许允许” 或或 “请求请求”。
②② 表示可能性表示可能性, 不太把握的推测，不太把握的推测， “或许或许” 、、 “可能可能” ③③ may表祝愿表祝愿 ① must“必须必须” ，表主观看法；，表主观看法；have to“不得不得不不”，表客观需要表客观需要② must表示说话人对事物的肯定推测表示说话人对事物的肯定推测, “一一定定” 或或 “准是准是”, 仅用于肯定句中仅用于肯定句中③ must偏要，非要，偏要，非要，用于条件句或疑问句中用于条件句或疑问句中④ Mustn’t 表禁止，表禁止，意为意为“不能、不许不能、不许”4. must & have to ① shall 在疑问句中在疑问句中, 第一或第三人称第一或第三人称, 表示征表示征求对方的意见或看法求对方的意见或看法② shall 陈述句中陈述句中, 第二和第三人称第二和第三人称, 表示表示 “命命令令” “警告警告” “许诺许诺” “威胁威胁” “强制强制”等③ shall用于宣布法律、规定的要求用于宣布法律、规定的要求④ should表按常规或常理推测，表按常规或常理推测，“应该应该”⑤ should表示对某事感到意外、惊异、不满，表示对某事感到意外、惊异、不满，“竟然、竟会竟然、竟会”。
5. shall & should ⑥ should 表示表示 “劝告劝告” “建议建议”, 译为译为 “应当应当” 6. ought to①① 表示表示 “有义务或必要有义务或必要”做某事②② 表示劝告表示劝告7.need 需要需要8. dare 敢敢 归纳1. 表推测表推测 must, should\ought to, can, could, may, might2. 否定推测：否定推测：can’t, couldn’t, may not, might not3. 表许可征询意见：表许可征询意见：can, will, could, may, would, shall, might 1. A left-luggage office is a place where bags ____be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. A. should B. can C. must D. willBMore practice2. How ___ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article? A. can B. must C. need D. mayA 3. — The room is so dirty. ___we clean it? — Of course. A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do4. My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ___ have taken it? A. should B. must C. could D. wouldBC 5. It has been announced that candidates _____ remain in their seats until all the paper have been collected. A. can B. will C. may D. shall6. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentlemen _____ be so rude to a lady.• A. might B. need • C. should D. wouldDC 9. I was really anxious about you. You _____ home without a word. A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leaveB10. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentlemen _____ be so rude to a lady. A. might B. need C. should D. wouldC 11. — Write to me when you get home. — ____. A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I canC12. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How ___it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. mustA 13. — Are you coming to Jeff’s party? — I’m not sure. I ___ go to the concert instead. A. must B. would C. should D. might14. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ___ your lecture. A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attendedDA 15. There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You ___ come, but why didn’t you? A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to haveD16.When he was there, he ___ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work everyday. A. would B. should C. had better D. mightA 17. Michael ___ be a policeman, for he is much too short. A. needn’t B. can’t C. should D. mayB 高考链接高考链接1. —Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. —I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. （（2011福建）福建） A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attendedD 2. —Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?—I am afraid you _______, in case he comes late for the meeting.（（2011福建）福建）A. will B. must C. may D. canB 3. —No one _______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. —Oh, you are really his big fan. (2011湖南湖南)A. can B. need B.C. must D. mightA 4. If you ______ go, at least wait until the storm is over. (2011辽宁辽宁) A. can B. may C. must D. willC 5. If you smoke, please go outside. (2011全国全国II) A. can B. should C. must D. may C 。