英汉合同翻译

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1、1翻译理论与实践（下）教学内容翻译理论与实践（下）教学内容1. 英汉请柬、通知翻译2. 英汉证明、证书翻译3. 英汉广告翻译4. 英汉旅游景点翻译5. 英汉企事业简介翻译6. 英汉合同翻译7. 英汉信用证翻译8. 英汉其他实用文翻译2第六章第六章. . 英汉合同翻译英汉合同翻译 在贸易往来中，合同等法律文件的谈判、起草、成文以及翻译对每一笔交易来说都是必不可缺和至关重要的。作为二十一世纪英语专业的学生，必须懂得合同等法律文件的基本概念、主要特征、法律效力和翻译的基本技巧等等。 3一、合同的基本概念和结构一、合同的基本概念和结构 合同亦称契约，是具有法律约束力的承诺，表示当事人愿意承担权利和义务

2、。合同是具有法律约束力的文件，一经签订，当事人各方均须严格执行。 中华人民共和国合同法第二条规定：“合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。” 4 A contract, in the simplest definition, is a promise enforceable by law. The promise may be to do something or to refrain from doing something. The making of a contract requires the mutual assent of two or

3、 more persons, one of them ordinarily making an offer and another accepting. If one of the parties fails to keep the promise, the other is entitled to legal recourse against him. The law of contracts has to do with such questions as whether a contract exists, what the meaning of it is, whether a con

4、tract has been broken, and what compensation is due the injured party.(The New Encyclopedia Britannica, 15th edition, published by Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. 1977, Vol. 5, P.124) 5 合同的种类虽然繁多，但就其基本结构来说是一致的，一般包括三部分：前言、正文和结尾，也可以称为约首、正文和约尾。概括起来，合同所涉及的基本内容主要包括以下几条： 1. The corporate or personal names o

5、f the contract parties and their nationalities, principle place of business or residence addresses;合同当事人的名称或者姓名、国籍、主营业所或住所；2. Date and place of signature of the contract;合同签订的日期、地点；63. Type of the contract and the kind, scope of the subject matter of the contract;合同的类型和合同标的种类、范围；4. Technical conditi

6、ons, quality, standard, specifications and quantities of the subject matter of the contract;合同标的技术条件、质量、标准、规格、数量；5. Time limit, place and method of performance;履行的期限、地点和方式；6. Terms of price, amount and way of payment, and various additional charge;价格条件、支付金额、支付方式和各种附带的费用； 77. Whether the contract cou

7、ld be assigned or conditions for assignment;合同能否转让或者合同转让的条件；8. Compensation and other liabilities for breach of the contract;违反合同的赔偿和其他责任；9. Ways for settlement of disputes in case of disputes arising from the contract;合同发生争议时的解决方法；10. Languages to be used in the contract and their effectiveness.合同使

8、用的文字及效力。 8二、二、 合同的基本种类合同的基本种类 这里主要讨论国际商务合同，即所谓的涉外合同。根据国际贸易商品流通的各种做法，称为贸易方式。不同的贸易方式就会产生不同的合同，按照贸易方式的性质和内容的不同可以将合同主要分为以下几大类： 91、 销售或购货合同 2、 技术转让合同 3、 合资或合营合同 4、 补偿贸易合同 5、 国际工程承包合同 6、 代理协议 7、 来料加工合同 8、 多种贸易方式相结合的合同 10三、三、 合同的语言特征合同的语言特征 就其性质而言，合同可以说是一种法律文书，依法订立的合同一经各方签字，即具有法律效力，并对合同各方当事人都具有约束力，未经一方同意，合

9、同内容不得随意变更，否则就算违约。因此，起草、翻译合同时各方都应慎之又慎，对合同语言必须仔细推敲、反复琢磨，避免因语言模棱两可而产生歧义。尽管合同用词难度大，要求十分严格，但合同措词仍有规律可循。 11一）、词汇特征一）、词汇特征 合同的用词造句必须十分准确严谨，一般具有准确、简练、明晰和正式几大特点。由于用词不当、合同当事人对文字理解不一所造成的索赔和纠纷案件屡见不鲜。合同翻译时要特别注意英语中的一词多义或多种解释。例如：The penalty shall be divided between Party A and Party B in New York City and Party C

10、in Newark, New Jersey. 12 简练对合同也颇为重要。因为合同语言的严谨，最好用尽可能少的文字来清楚地阐明意思。要做到言简意赅，合同起草者和翻译者必须避免使用或删除不必要的词语。例如：In the event of a single arbitrator being unable to be agreed upon by the two parties.一旦一个仲裁员不能被双方同意13 要使合同行文明晰，应力戒含糊其词和模棱两可，应注意使用规范的句子的语序、修饰语要置于靠近所形容的词的位置等等。例如：在乙方的要求下，甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。At the req

11、uest of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment. 141、专业词汇、专业词汇 专业词汇主要是指在某一学科或特定领域中使用的专门用语。这些专门用语有其特定的含义，并在各自专业领域中被广泛使用。如：free on board（船上交货）、 bill of lading（提单）、 shipping marks（唛头）等等。15 考虑到合同特定场合的需要，有时合同对一些关键术语的定义做出明确的限定和说明，一般可分为扩展性解释和限缩性解释两种。例如：“patent

12、” in this contract shall mean registered invention rights, registered utility model rights, right of registered industrial design and any technical applications listed in the attachment herewith “trademark” here means registered trademark 162、词语并列、词语并列 合同中的词语并列往往分为两种情况：词语并列结构和成对同义词结构。为使国际条约表意准确和规范严谨

13、，合同制定者在行文中大量使用词语并列结构，用and或or把两个或多个短语并列起来。这种并列结构有更强的包容性，同时也更加具有弹性。例如： 17(合同）项下或按照（合同）under or in accordance with签署并寄出signed and delivered按总体或部分来讲in whole or in partmake amendments to and revision of修改fulfill or perform履行transferable or assignable转让18 It is the intent of the parties that all documents

14、 and annexes forming part hereof shall be read and taken together and that each and every provision or stipulation hereof be given full force, effect and applicability. However, in the event that one or more provisions or stipulations herein be declared null and void by the courts, or otherwise rend

15、ered ineffective, the remaining provisions and stipulations shall not be affected thereby. 193、情态动词、情态动词 与所有的法律文件相同，合同在情态动词的选用上很慎重。may, must, will, shall, should各司其职，不可混淆。值得注意的是“shall”在合同中并非单纯表示将来时，而是用来表示一方应尽的义务，表示强制性责任、履行义务，与中文中“应该”、“必须”的意义相同，所表达的力度比“will”要强。例如：The bidder shall bear all costs assoc

16、iated with the preparation and submission of its bid. 204、缩略词、缩略词另外，缩略词在合同中出现的频率很高，而且主要为首字母缩略词和截短词。国际经贸合同中的价格、支付及保险方式大多以首字母缩略词形式出现，例如：FOB(Free on Board装运港船上交货) T/T(Telegraphic Transfer电汇) W.A.(With Average水渍险)等等。21此外，还有一些计量单位及相关名称则通常以截短词形式出现，例如：CTN(carton纸箱) PC(piece件、个) No(number号)等等。 225、古英语及特殊用语的

17、使用、古英语及特殊用语的使用英文合同使用了大量的古英语，最为突出的是用here, there, where后缀in/after/by等介词。这类古英语能避免重复，使句子结构紧凑精练。例如：hereafter = after this time今后herein = in this因此hereby = by means of特此23hereinbefore = in a proceeding part of this contract 在上文hereinafter = later in this contract在下文thereto = to that此外thereupon = then随后 wh

18、ereas鉴于，在约首用作引出签约的背景和目的witness证明，在约首中用作充当首句的谓语hereinafter referred to as以下简称24二）、句法特征二）、句法特征合同作为法律文书，规定了各方当事人之间的权利和义务，合同文字所表达的意思必须完整、明确、肯定，所以，合同对句子类型的选择存在明显的倾向性，陈述句的使用频率比较高，陈述句用于阐述、解释、说明、规定和判断，语言显得比较客观、平实。此外，合同句法的另一个明显特征是较多使用长句和惯用句型。 251、多用长句、多用长句 与普通英语相比，英文合同的句子较长，结构也复杂得多。长句的使用主要是可以准确地界定各方当事人的权利和义务

19、，排除被曲解、误解或出现歧义的可能性。例如：26 The tenderer should be informed that, if he has delivered, posted or dispatched his tender prior to the formal submission date he has the right to modify or make corrections to it, provided that any such modifications or corrections are received by the employer/engineer in w

20、riting prior to the time specified for submission of tenders. The original tender thus modified or corrected would then be considered as the official tender.27又如： The prices stated are based on current freight rates, any increase or decrease in freight rates at time of shipment is to be the benefit

21、of the buyer, with the seller assuming the payment of all transportation charges to the point or place of delivery. 282、惯用句型、惯用句型 英文合同中有不少套语或惯用句型结构，这些用法是在长期的贸易实践中逐渐形成的，并被普遍接受和使用。此类套语或惯用句型主要出现在合同的前言、结尾、保险、支付以及检验、索赔、仲裁等一般性的条款中。例如： 29（1）The undersigned buyer and seller have confirmedin accordance with

22、the following terms and conditions.（2）Party A has agreed that Party B shallunder the following terms and conditions.（3）In consideration of the premises and covenants described hereinafter, Party A and Party B agree as follow.（4）The expiry date of the L/C is to be the 15th day after the date of shipm

23、ent.（5）The L/C shall remain valid until the 15th day after the shipment. 30四、四、 合同翻译原则合同翻译原则 目前，我国涉外经济交往中所采用的合同大多为英文本，而英文合同对语言有严格的要求，因此，把握合同语言的特殊性，这是准确理解、翻译合同的关键所在。合同作为一种具有法律约束力的契约文体，其文本强调用语正式、措词准确、结构严谨、格式规范等特点。翻译合同、标书等此类文体的具体标准通常有三个方面： 311、术语准确，译文完整、术语准确，译文完整 合同文本有自己的一整套术语，有其独特性，应避免简单的字面翻译。例如：“acce

24、pt” 一般译为“接受”、“认可”就可以了，但在涉外合同中，这个词可能要译成“承兑”。从4月1日起到10月20日止这一期间内交货，但以买方信用证在3月20日前到达卖方为限。Shipment during the period beginning on April 1 and ending on Oct. 20, both date inclusive, subject to Buyers Letter of Credit reaching Seller on or before Mar. 20.322、译文通顺，条理清楚、译文通顺，条理清楚 通顺是翻译的一项基本要求，合同的翻译也不例外。合同译

25、文的通顺着重体现在“条理清楚”上，特别是在处理长句、复杂句时更是如此。例如：One-third of the total amount shall be paid with the order when the Contract is signed, one third by documentary bills when shipment is effected, and the balance by clean bills when the goods have arrived.合同签订时先预付货款总额的三分之一，装船后凭跟单汇票再付三分之一，剩余的三分之一在货物抵达时凭光票一次性付清。 3

26、33、符合契约文体特点、符合契约文体特点 与其他商务文本相比，合同文本属于正式程度最高的契约文体。所以，翻译合同时所使用的语言应尽量体现出契约文体的这一特点。选词要正式、所采用的句式也应符合译入语合同的句式特点、还要注意译入语合同的格式特点。例如：“因为”一般用短语“by virtue of”来翻译，而很少用“because of”；“在之 前 ”一 般 用 “prior to”， 而 不 用“before”等等。 34再如：本合同于2006年5月30日在中国上海签订，一式两份，每份用英文和中文写成，两种文本具有同等效力。译文1：This Contract was signed in Shan

27、ghai, China on May 30, 2006. Each copy was written in English and Chinese with two copies in each, and the two texts have the same effect.译文2：This Contract is signed in Shanghai, China this 30th day of May, 2006, in duplicate in English and Chinese languages, both texts being equally authentic. 35五、

28、五、 合同翻译实践合同翻译实践例例1. 购货合同购货合同PURCHASE CONTRACTNo. 200872116Date: June 20, 2008 Signed at Shenzhen, ChinaThe Buyer: Unicon Corporation 155 Ocean Wing Road, San Francisco, California 91002 USAThe Seller: Hengda Trading Corporation 237 South Riverside Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003 PRCThe Contract is

29、made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the under mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below:361. COMMODITY DESCRIPTIONS: Mens pajamas made of 100 percent cotton Size 12 in white, yellow, red, blue, a

30、nd purple. Technical specifications shall be the same as the samples sent to the Seller by the Buyer on May 20, 2008.2. QUANTITY: White, 2 000; yellow, 3 000; red, 1 000; blue, 4 000; purple, 3 000.3. UNIT PRICE: US$12.80 FOB Shenzhen per suit.4. TOTAL PRICE: US $166,400.00 (One hundred and sixty-si

31、x thousand four hundred US dollars only).5. COUNTRY OF ORIGIN: The Peoples Republic Of China6. PACKING: Each pajamas shall be packed in a waterproof polythene bag and then in a cardboard box, 50 boxes to a wooden case. The Seller shall be liable for any damage and loss attributed to inadequate packi

32、ng by the Seller. 377. SHIPPING MARKS: On the surface of each package, the package number, measurement, gross weight, net weight and UNICON in a triangle shall be stenciled with paint.8. TIME OF SHIPMENT: October 20089. PORT OF SHIPMENT: Shenzhen, PRC.10. PORT OF DESTINATION: San Francisco, USA.11.

33、INSURANCE: To be covered by the Buyer.12. PAYMENT: The Buyer shall, upon receipt from the Seller of the notice of readiness for shipment, open an irrevocable letter of credit with Citibank, 15-20 days prior to the date of delivery, in favor of the Seller, for an amount equivalent to the total value

34、of the shipment. The L/C shall be payable against the presentation of the draft and the documents stipulated in Clause 13 hereof in the opening bank. The L/C shall be valid until the 15th day after the shipment.3813. DOCUMENT: The Seller shall present the following documents to the paying bank for n

35、egotiation: 1) One full set of “Clean On Board” ocean bills of lading marked “Freight to Collect” and made out to order, blank endorsed; 2) Invoice in quintuplicate indicting contract number and shipping mark; 3) Packing list in quintuplicate; 4) Certificate of quality and quantity in duplicate issu

36、ed by the manufacturers as specified in Clause 16; 5) One copy of notification to the Buyer, advising the shipment ready. 3914. TERMS OF SHIPMENT: 1) The Seller shall, at least 40 days before the date of shipment stipulated in the Contract, advise the Buyer of the contract number, commodity, quantit

37、y, value, number of packages, gross weight, measurement, and date of readiness at the port of shipment for the Buyer to book shipping space. 2) Booking of shipping space shall be attended to by the Buyer. 3) The Buyer shall, 10 days before the expected date of arrival of the vessel at the loading po

38、rt, notify the Seller of the name of vessel, expected date of loading, contract number, for the Seller to arrange shipment. When it becomes necessary to change the time to be advanced or delayed, the Buyer or its shipping agent shall advise the Seller in time. Should the vessel fail to arrive at the

39、 port of loading within 30 days of the arrival date advised by the Buyer, the Buyer shall bear the storage and insurance expenses incurred from the 31st day. 4) The Seller shall be liable for any dead freight or demurrage, should it happen they have failed to have the commodity ready for loading aft

40、er the carrying vessel has arrived at the port of shipment on time. 5) The Seller shall bear all expenses, risks of commodity before it passes over the vessels rail and is released from the tackle. After it has passed over the vessels rail and been released from the tackle, all expenses, risks of co

41、mmodity shall be for the Buyers account. 4015. SHIPPING ADVICE: The Seller shall, immediately upon the completion of loading the commodity, notify the Buyer the contract number, name of commodity, quantity, gross weight, invoice value, name of carrying vessel and date of sailing. In case the Buyer f

42、ails to arrange insurance on time due to the information not being given in time by the Seller, or to the notification incomplete, all losses shall be borne by the Seller.16. GUARANTEE OF QUALITY: The Seller shall guarantee that the commodity is entirely in conformity with what has been stipulated i

43、n the Contract with regard to its quality specifications. The guarantee period shall be 3 months counted from the date on which the commodity arrives at the port of destination. 4117. INSPECTION AND CLAIM: 1) The Seller shall, before delivery, make a precise and comprehensive inspection of the goods

44、 with regard to its quality, specifications, and quantity and have the China Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau issue inspection certificates certifying the technical date and the conclusion of the inspection. 2) After arrival of the goods at the port of destination the Buyer shall have t

45、he right to invite an authoritative surveyor to make a further inspection as to the specifications and quantity of the goods. If damages of the goods are found, or the specification and/or quantity are not in conformity with the stipulations in the Contract, except when the responsibilities lie with

46、 the insurer or the carrier, the Buyer shall, within 90 days after arrived of the goods at the port of destination, claim against the Seller or reject the goods. 3) The claims mentioned above shall be regarded as being accepted if the Seller fails to reply within 30 days after the Seller receives th

47、e Buyers claim. 4218. FORCE MAJEURE: The Seller shall not be responsible for the delay of shipment or non-delivery of the goods due to force majeure, which might occur during the process of manufacturing or in the course of loading or transit. The Seller shall advise the Buyer immediately of the occ

48、urrence mentioned above and within 15 days thereafter the Seller shall send a notice by airmail to the Buyer for their acceptance of a certificate of the accident issued by the competent government authorities under whose jurisdiction the accident occurs as evidence thereof. Under such circumstances

49、 the Seller, however, is still under the obligation to take all necessary measures to hasten the delivery of the goods. In case the accident lasts for more than 10 weeks, the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the Contract. 4319. LATE DELIVERY AND PAYMENT: Should the Seller fail to make delivery o

50、n time as stipulated in the Contract, with the exception of force majeure causes specified in Clause 18 of the Contract, the Buyer shall agree to postpone the delivery on the condition that the Seller agrees to pay a penalty which shall be deducted by the paying bank from the payment under negotiati

51、on. The rate of negotiation is charged at 0.5 percent for every seven days, odd days less than seven days should be counted as seven days. But the penalty, however, shall not exceed 5 percent of the total value of the goods, involved in the delayed delivery. In case the Seller fails to make delivery

52、 ten weeks later than the time of shipment stipulated in the Contract, the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the Contract, and the Seller, in spite of the cancellation, shall nevertheless pay the aforesaid penalty to the buyer without delay. 4420. ARBITRATION: All disputes arising from the execut

53、ion of or in connection with the Contract shall be settled amicably through friendly negotiation. In case no settlement can be reached through negotiation, the case shall then be submitted to the Foreign Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission of the Chinese Council for the Promotion of Internatio

54、nal Trade for arbitration in accordance with its rules of procedure. The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties. Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party. 4521. CONDITIONS OF SALES: 1) It is strictly understood that the Seller cannot be held responsible for non-delivery or d

55、elayed delivery of the goods ordered if the situation is caused by force majeure, war, rebellion, fire, strike, new levies imposed by government, inability of, or refusal by the manufacturers to fulfill the Contract or any other causes beyond the Sellers control. 2) The Seller reserves the right to

56、cancel the Contract at any time if the Buyer makes default in payment (or in delivery) or commit a breach of any clause hereof. 3) The Seller reserves the right to the Contract at any time if the Seller cannot make the delivery as called for under the terms hereof by reason of circumstances beyond t

57、heir control. 4) Any additional expenses incurred as the result of war, civil commotion, interruption of normal transport, boycott, government action, etc., and/or any other circumstances as are beyond the Sellers control and/or foresight, shall be for the Buyers account. 4622. SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISI

58、ON: The Contract is made out in both Chinese and English, two originals for each language. Each language is legally of equal effect. Each party keeps one Chinese version and one English version after signing the Contract.The Buyer: Unicon CorporationMarlin Felton, presidentThe Seller: Hengda Trading

59、 CorporationLu Gang, President47例例2. 招标书招标书 国际招标投标是货物、工程或服务市场交易方式之一，现在许多国际机构、国家政府规定，凡由其提供贷款或资金，金额达到一定数额的大宗交易、大型工程或成套服务项目必须通过公开招标、投标来确定供货者、承建者或服务商。国际招标投标已成为国际贸易的主要方式之一。按照国际惯例，与招标投标活动有关的文件、资料均须用英文编制，即使允许用非英语编写，也应备有英文版本。 48 China National Machinery Import & Export Corporation Invitation for Bids Bid No

60、.0707CMCJ-0161332 In accordance with the loan Agreement concluded between the Ministry of Finance of the Peoples Republic of China and Japan Bank for International Cooperation for Yingkou Water Supply Project, China National Machinery Import and Export Corporation is authorized to purchase through i

61、nternational competitive bidding (ICB) the goods listed bellow. All the purchase should be financed through the loan arrangement mentioned above. 49 List of Equipment: Valves (quantity: specifications:) Sealed bids are invited from bidders registered in and controlled by eligible source countries, w

62、hich refer to all counties and regions according to the stipulation of the Loan Agreement. General terms and conditions together with qualification requirements are set out in a book, which is obtained from China National Machinery Import & Export Corporation between 9:00 and 11:00 a.m. (Beijing tim

63、e) from November 11 to November 17, 2007 (except Saturday and Sunday) against non-refundable payment of (amount of money in figures). 50 All bids are to be validly received by China National Machinery Import and Export Corporation before 10:00 on the specific opening date at the address below. Bids

64、will be opened at 10:30 a.m. December 18, 2007(Beijing time). Any offer submitted after the closing date of bid or which does not comply with the above terms will not be accepted. China National Machinery Import & Export Corporation Address: Tel: Fax: Post Code: 51参考译文：参考译文： 招标编号：0707CMCJ-0161332 中国

65、机械进出口总公司 投资邀请 根据中华人民共和国财政部与日本国际合作银行就营口市供水工程签订的贷款协议，中国机械进出口总公司受权通过国际竞争性投标购买下列货物。本招标采购合同将由上述贷款予以支付。 采购设备清单如下： 阀门（货物数量：规格简述） 中国机械进出口总公司诚邀所有在符合贷款协议之规定的合格货源国和地区登记注册并受其管辖的投标商密封投标。 52 招标合同的一般条款及投标资格要求在标书中已列明，标书可在2007年11月11日起至11月17日（星期六和星期日除外）止的每天上午的9点到11点（北京时间）以（金额）从中国机械进出口公司处购买，售后不退。 所有投标书须于规定的开标日当天上午10点之

66、前送达位于下列地址的中国机械进出口总公司并被有效接受。所有投标书将于北京时间2007年12月18日10:30被启封。 投标截止日期后提交的标书或不符合上述规定的标书恕不接受。 中国机械进出口总公司 地址： 电话： 传真： 邮政编码： 53例例3. 代理合约代理合约 香港勇盛电器厂有限公司（下称制造商）和温州风暴电器有限公司（下称代理商）已于今日二七年十二月二十日签订营业代理合约，条件如下： 1.代理商担任厂商在温州销售本合约规定的产品的独家代理。 2.本合约涉及的产品如下： 电视机、卡式收录音机、洗衣机、电冰箱、真空吸尘机、电饭煲和其他各种家庭电器。 3.制造商须提供代理商有上述产品价目表，全

67、用CIF温州的价格。在上述地区内厂商产品的一切销售上，代理商可得百分之八的佣金，即使厂商直接销售由其他任何人或商行销售运到上述地区的该厂商产品，情况也一样。 54 4.代理商必须存有厂商产品以便在上述地区内销售，并可决定它们的转卖价格。 5.代理商只受权在那些地区内为厂商产品招揽订单以及推销其产品。 6.本合约将保持 有效直至任何一方至少提前九十天用挂号空邮向另一方发出书面通知终止合约为止。 勇盛电器厂有限公司 风暴电器有限公司55参考译文：参考译文：Agency Contract YONGSHENG WORKS INC, HONGKONG (hereinafter called Manufa

68、cturer) and BRAINSTORMING ELECTRIC APPLIANCES CO., LTD., WENZHOU (hereinafter referred to as Agent) have on this 20th of December, 2007 entered into a sales agency contract under the terms and conditions stated below: 1. Agent shall act as the sole and exclusive agent in Wenzhou for Manufacturer for

69、 the sale of the products herein specified. 56 2. The products covered by this contract are: television sets, cassette radio recorders, washing machines, refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, electric rice cookers and many other home electric appliances. 3. Manufacturer shall furnish Agent with the price

70、lists of all of his products stated above, all in terms of CIF Wenzhou. A commission of 8 per cent shall be offered on all sales of Manufacturers products within the above-mentioned territories even in cases where Manufacturer sells them directly or where such sales are made by any other person or f

71、irm, for shipment to the said territories. 57 4. Agent must carry stocks of Manufacturers products for sale within the said territories and may fix the resale price thereof. 5. Agent is only authorized to solicit orders for Manufacturers products and the sale thereof within the territories. 6. This

72、contract shall remain in force until terminated by either party by giving a written notice at least 90 days in advance to the other party by registered airmail.YONGSHENG WORKS INC. BRAINSTORMING ELECTRIC APPLIANCES CO. LTD. 58例例4. 国际货物运输合同国际货物运输合同Contract of International Transportation of GoodsThis

73、 Agreement is made this twentieth day of October 2007 between The International Transportation Co., Ltd. Of 9 Sanchuan Road, the city of Weihai, Party A, and The Far East Trading Co., Ltd. Of 12 Hongwei Road, the city of Nanhai, Party B.Witnesses: 59 That Party A, in consideration of the agreement h

74、ereafter contained of Party B, contracts and agrees with Party B, that he will deliver, in good and marketable condition, to Party B, during the month of April, of next year, five thousand tons of coal, in the following lots, and on the following specified terms, viz. : one thousand tons by the seve

75、nth of April, one thousand tons additional by the fourteenth of the month, one thousand tons more by the twenty-first, and the entire five thousand tons to be all delivered by the thirtieth of April. 60 And Party B, in consideration of the prompt fulfillment of this contract by Party A, contracts an

76、d agrees with Party A to pay for said coal 120 yuan (Renmibi) per ton for each ton as soon as delivered.In case of failure of agreement by either of the parties, it is hereby stipulated and agreed that the party so failing shall pay to the other 600,000 yuan (Renmibi) as fixed and settled damages.In

77、 witness whereof, the parties hereto have caused this agreement to be executed in duplicate by their duly authorized representative. 61Party A: The International Transportation Co., Ltd.Mao XihuaLiu Xiwen(Manager)Party B: The Far East Trading Co., Ltd.Han ZhongwuWu Qun(Manager)62参考译文：参考译文： 国际货物运输合同国

78、际货物运输合同本合同签订于2007年10月20日，威海市三川路9号的国际运输有限公司为甲方，南海市红卫路12号的远东贸易有限公司为乙方。兹约定：考虑到乙方的允诺，甲方特与乙方订立协议并同意：由甲方负责，于订约年之翌年4月份一个月之内向乙方运送质地优良、符合行销标准的煤5000吨，并按下列期限分批交货。既：到4月7日止交货1000吨；到4月14日止另交货1000吨；到4月21日止再交货1000吨，至4月30日全部5000吨煤必须如数交讫。 63 考虑到甲方承诺对本合同迅速履行，乙方特与甲方订立协议并同意：对上述煤每吨支付人民币120.00元，货到即付。订约双方任何一方如未能履约，根据合同规定并经

79、双方同意：违约一方应向对方赔偿人民币60万元，作为商定的损失赔偿费。本契约一式两份，由双方授权的代表签立，特此为证。 甲方: 国际运输有限公司毛西华（经理） 刘席文乙方：远东贸易有限公司韩中武（经理） 武 群64课后作业：1. If the correspondent bank is instructed merely to advise the credit,it forwards the prescribed text to the beneficiary without engagement on its own part. 2. We have added our confirmati

80、on on the credit and engage that documents presented to us in full compliance with the terms and conditions of the credit wil be duly honoured. 653. Within 30days after the signing and coming into effect of this contract,the Buyer shall proceed to pay the price for the goods to the seller by opening

81、 an irrevocabel L/C for the full amount of USD30,000 in favor of the Seller through a bank at export point so that the Seller may draw the sum in due time. 664. IRREVOCABLE LETTER OF CREDIT Irrevocable Credit No. Date: All drafts drawn must be marked: “Drawn underCredit No. ” Messrs. (Beneficiary)Ge

82、ntlemen, You are authorized to value on Bank (Bank on which to draw) for the account of (client) up to the aggregate amount of (currency) by drawing your draft within days for % (Percentage) invoice cost of Consular Invoice, accompanied by Bills of Lading and Commercial Invoice (evidencing shipment

83、of the commodity). Bills of Lading must be dated no later than_ (date).67 A copy of the Consular Invoice, Commercial Invoice, and Bill of Lading must be mailed to (Issuing Bank or Paying Bank), and a statement to that effect must be attached to the draft. We hereby agree with the drawers, endorsers, and bona fide holders of drafts drawn in compliance with the terms of credit that such drafts shall be dully honoured on presentation and paid at maturity. Yours very truly, 68