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1、Grammar过去分词做定语和表语过去分词做定语和表语一. 现在分词1、基本形式 形式主动语态被动语态一般式完成式 doing having done being donehaving been done过去分词 过去分词的形式：过去分词的形式： done 现在分词和过去分词统称分词，在句中作现在分词和过去分词统称分词，在句中作的的 成分是一样的。成分是一样的。 可充当以下成分可充当以下成分: 定语定语 表语表语 宾补宾补 状语状语pleased boreddisappointedsatisfiedscaredannoyed过去分词是过去分词是非谓语动词非谓语动词的一种形的一种形式式, ,表示
2、表示被动被动和完成的动作。它在和完成的动作。它在句子中可以充当句子中可以充当定语、表语定语、表语等成等成分。分。一、一、 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语1.1.前置定语前置定语单个的过去分词单个的过去分词作定语作定语, ,通常放在被修通常放在被修饰的名词之前饰的名词之前, ,表示表示被动和完成被动和完成意义。意义。boiled water开水开水a piece of broken glass一片碎玻璃一片碎玻璃 fallen leavesinjured workers落叶落叶受伤的工人受伤的工人2. 后置定语后置定语 过去分词短语过去分词短语作定语时，作定语时， 通常放在被通常放在被修饰的名词之
3、后修饰的名词之后. The novel written by Han Han is popular. Some of the people invited to the party cant come.1. .语态上语态上现在分词现在分词: : 表示主动的动作表示主动的动作过去分词过去分词: : 表示被动的动作表示被动的动作He is the man swimming in the river just now.He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens.过去分词和现在分词在做定语过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：时的区别：2. .时间
4、上时间上现在分词现在分词: : 表示正在进行表示正在进行过去分词过去分词: : 表示完成表示完成 the rising sun the risen sun the falling leaves the fallen leaves boiling water boiled water a changing world a changed world the developing country the develoed countrya falling treea fallen treeboiling waterboiled waterfalling leavesfallen leavesa f
5、lying birdprepared breakfasta snow-covered city过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：区别：过去分词过去分词表示表示被动被动或或完成完成；现在分词现在分词表示表示主动主动或或进行进行。总结：总结： 过去分词作表语时，一般置于过去分词作表语时，一般置于be, get, become, look, feel等系动词后等系动词后面，面，没有没有“完成完成”或或“被动被动”之之意，意，而是表示主语的状态、特点而是表示主语的状态、特点或思想感情等。或思想感情等。相当于形容词。相当于形容词。二、二、 过去分词作过去分词作表语表语1
6、。 过去分词作表语用，过去分词作表语用，表示心情和感觉表示心情和感觉，相当于形容词，相当于形容词，最常见的有；最常见的有；pleased, surprised, astonished，shocked， worried, excited, married, delighted, disappointed, interested, discouraged, tired, amused, astonished, satisfied, puzzled, upset, bored, frightened, scared ， confused，frustrated，moved 等。等。过去分词和过去分词和
7、V-ingV-ing形式作表语形式作表语的区别的区别: : 表特征表特征-含有含有含有含有“ “令人令人令人令人”之意之意之意之意 表状态表状态-含有含有“感到感到”之意之意 V-ing形式形式过去分词过去分词 2. 常用作表语的词或短语，表状态。常用作表语的词或短语，表状态。 be dressed in be devoted to be determinded to do sth be lost in thought be well known to all be absorbed in be faced with be tired of /from be located in be con
8、cerned about过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别。分词作表语表示主语的分词作表语表示主语的状态状态，而被动，而被动语态则表示被动的语态则表示被动的动作动作。My glasses are broken. 我的眼镜碎了我的眼镜碎了。My glasses were broken by my son.我的眼镜被我儿子摔碎了。我的眼镜被我儿子摔碎了。(状态状态)(动作动作)注意：注意：过去分词作定语和表语的区别过去分词作定语和表语的区别: :定语定语 放在放在名词和代词名词和代词的前面或后面的前面或后面 表示动作表示动作完成完成或或被动被动表语表语 放在放在be be
9、 动词或系动词动词或系动词的后面的后面 说明说明主语的主语的状态或特征状态或特征Sum up 1.A. Nobody was in the story he told. B. The story he told was very . ( interested, interesting )2. A. Everybody was to hear the news. B. The news is very indeed. ( excited, exciting )填入适当的分词填入适当的分词interestedinterestingexcitedexciting3. A. The result of
10、 the test was rather . B. He was very at the result of the test. ( disappointed, disappointing )4. A. What he said was very . B. I was very at the sight. ( amused, amusing )disappointingdisappointedamusingamused Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. bei
11、ng known B. having been known C. to be known D. known The flowers _ sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt Did you go to the party on New Years Eve? A. held B. to be holding C. to be held D. being held The Olympic Games, in 7
12、76 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing The _ look in her face suggested that she _ it before.A. surprising, wouldnt knowB. surprised, hadnt knownC. surprising, hadnt knownD. surprised, shouldnt know练习二练习二 句型转换句型转换1.A thief stole the goat that was tired to the tree.=A thief stole the goat _ to the tree.tireddressed in red2. The girl who is dressed in red is Kellys long-lost friend.= The girl _ is Kellys long-lost friend.
