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1、Space Explorationw Satellite wHuman get into space and Deep space exploration（深空探测）（深空探测）wSpace station （空间站）w Space shuttle（航天飞机）（航天飞机）1 Satellitew Soviet Union Sputnik 1 4.October 1957 （ first artificial satellite）w America Explorer 1 31.January 1958w France Astrix 26.November 1965w Japan Osumi 11
2、.February 1970wChina Dongfanghong 4.April 1970wUK Prospero X-3 28.October 1971 wEuropean Space Agency (ESA)欧洲空间局 CAT-1 24.December 1979wIndia Rohini 1 18.July 19802Human Get into SpacewRussia the first human space flight (Yuri Gagarin 加加林 ) in 12.April 1961 w U.S first launched a person into space（A
3、lan Shepard艾伦B谢泼德 ）in 1965ChinawShenzhou 5 (15.October 2003) Yang Liwei wShenzhou 6(12.October 2005) Fei Junlong and Nie HaishengwShenzhou 7 (25.September 2008) Zai Zhigang ,Liu Boming and Ying Haipeng 3Exploration of MoonwLuna 1 Luna24月球探测器(1959 1976）by Russiaw The first man-made object to reach th
4、e Moon was the unmanned Soviet probe Luna 2w The far side of the Moon was first photographed on October 7, 1959 by the Soviet probe Luna 3. w Luna 9 was the first probe to soft land on the Moon,w The first artificial satellite of the Moon was the Soviet probe Luna 10 wMoon rock samples were brought
5、back to Earth by three Luna missions (Luna 16, 20, and 24) On December 24, 1968 w The first robot lunar rover to land on the Moon was the Soviet vessel Lunokhod 1 （无人驾驶自动探测车）4wthe crew of Apollo 8, Frank Borman, James Lovell and William Anders, became the first human beings to enter lunar orbit and
6、see the far side of the Moon in person.in 1968wthe first Moon landing by the American Apollo 11 craft on July 20, 1969 Neil Armstrong wAutomatic lunar rover 1 and lunokhod 2自动月球车 19701973wIn 1990 Japan visited the Moon with the Hiten spacecraft, becoming the third country to place an object in orbit
7、 around the Moon. wThe European Space Agency launched a small, low-cost lunar orbital probe called SMART 1 on September 27, 2003 5Chinaw First phase lunar program (嫦娥-1 工程) launched in 2007 : two uncrewed lunar orbital probes wSecond phase lunar program (嫦娥-2 工程) to be launched in 2012 :first Moon l
8、anding of a couple of rovers wThird phase lunar program (嫦娥-3 工程) to be launched in 2017 : automated Moon landing and return sample wFourth phase lunar program (嫦娥-4 工程) to be launched in 2024 : crewed mission and permanent bases (月面驻留)6Exploration of Marsw19601979 Russia has sixteen probes（探测器） Ame
9、rica has eighteen probe just send picturesw1996火星全球探勘者号火星全球探勘者号（Mars Global Surveyor ）w1997 Mars Pathfinder（火星拓荒者）（火星拓荒者）achieve soft landing（软着陆）on the surface of Marsw2001 2001火星奥德赛号火星奥德赛号（2001 Mars Odyssey） w2003 火星探测漫游者火星探测漫游者(Mars Exploration Rover）w2007凤凰号凤凰号（Phoenix）take back rocks and soil o
10、f Marsw2011 Yingguang 1萤光一号 China 7Space Station wRussia DOS （礼炮号航天站）（19711984）wAmerica Skylab（天空实验室） 1973w Russia Mir（和平号空间站 ）19862001w America，Russia and ESA International Space Station 国际空间站） （November 1998 ）w China Tiangong1 (天宫1号太空实验舱) 29.september 2011 8Space Shuttle（航天飞机） wEnterprise（开拓者号航天飞机 ） only use for testwColumbia（哥伦比亚号航天飞机） 4.December 1981 1.February 2003 wChallenger（挑战者号航天飞机） 4.April 188328.January 1986 wDiscovery （发现号航天飞机）30.August 1984wAtlantis（亚特兰蒂斯号航天飞机）3.October 1985 wEndeavour（奋进号航天飞机）instead of Challenger 7.May 1992 9哥伦比亚号空中解体挑战者号爆炸10
