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1、情态动词基本用法与句型常考情态动词情态动词与时态中考出题模式与常见题型一、情态动词是什么？行为动词系动词助动词情态动词能够独立做谓语不能独立做谓语掌握情态动词的定义：表示可能、怀疑、允诺、掌握情态动词的定义：表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词。愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词。二、情态动词的基本句型陈述句主+情态动词+v原疑问句情态动词+主+v原？考点：注意may,must疑问句的否定回答否定句-主+情态动词not+v原考点：注意hadbetter,need两种词性,oughtto的否定三、常考的情态动词1.can能;可能-could2.may可以-migh
2、t3.must必须;一定4.need需要-非标准情态动词5.should-shall6.would-will7.hadbetter8.usedto过去常常9.Wouldrather宁愿10.oughtto应当能力乐意可能Can 是情态动词，不能独立做谓语是情态动词，不能独立做谓语be able to是系动词，能够独立做谓语是系动词，能够独立做谓语所有表示所有表示“意愿类题目意愿类题目”，都适用，都适用Can/Could you give me some water?Must肯定是（无否定）可能是肯定是（无否定）可能是1.Hewill_finishitbyhimself.can/may/beab
3、leto/不填（多）2.canyougiveme_suggestion?another/other/theother/others3.She_runfast,butIcant.may/must/need/can乐意可能肯定回答一般是：肯定回答一般是：Yes, please./Certainly./ Sure等，等，否定回答一般是：否定回答一般是：Please dont./No，you cant/mustnt. can多用于多用于疑问句和否定句疑问句和否定句，表示怀疑或不相信等态度；，表示怀疑或不相信等态度；而而may则多用于则多用于陈述句（肯定），陈述句（肯定），表示一种揣测。表示一种揣测。H
4、e may be right他可能对他可能对He cant be right他不可能对他不可能对必须肯定肯定回答：肯定回答：yes, must否定回答：否定回答：no, you neednt/ no, you dont have tocan多用于多用于疑问句和否定句疑问句和否定句，表示怀疑或不相信等态度；，表示怀疑或不相信等态度；Must表示推测时，不能用否定句表示推测时，不能用否定句Dont have to 不必不必- mustnt一定不能一定不能neednt 不必不必must 表必须有否定；表必须有否定； 表肯定，不能用否定句表肯定，不能用否定句 Must的否定I didnt hear t
5、he phone. I must have been asleep.我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了情态动词行为动词You neednt answer the question now.You dont need ot answer the question now.Hadbetter最好易错点：错误理解为had,或better否定解析：你最好立刻就做Youhadbetterdoitrightnow.你最好不要碰它Youhadbetternottouchit.UsedtoBeusedtodoingBeusedtodoHe used to go shoppin
6、g on weekends.他过去常常周末去买东西他过去常常周末去买东西The Englishman isnt used to driving on theright in China.Pens are used to write on paper.Wouldratherdo.thando宁愿做而不愿做解析:宁愿而不愿，中考共三种表达方式1、prefertodo.ratherthando宁愿做而不愿做(动词词组)例:Iprefertoswimratherthanstayathome.我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里2、wouldratherdo.thando宁愿做而不愿做(动词词组)例:Iwould
7、ratherswimthanstayathome.我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里3、prefertoIpreferdogstocats.相对于猫.我更喜欢狗.Wouldrather是情态动词，否定为wouldrathernotdoCan与could的相同与不同Can1.能力能力 he said: “I can do that.”2.乐意乐意 can I help you?3.可能可能It cannt be rainyCould1.能力,是can的过去式Hesaidthathecoulddothat.2.表乐意,could可独立一词.CouldIgowithyou?(willwould;shalls
8、hould于此相似)Will1.只用于将来时,hewillcometomorrow2.shall, will用来征求对方用来征求对方意见，意见，shall用于第一人用于第一人称，称，will用于第二人称，用于第二人称，用来表示意愿；用来表示意愿；shall用用于第二、第三人称，于第二、第三人称，will用于第一人称。用于第一人称。Would1.过去将来时，是will的过去式.Hesaidthathewouldcometomorrow.2.表乐意Wouldyoulike?3.虚拟语气1.Thedoctorsuggestedthathe_themedicine3timesaday.多Take/to
9、ok/takes/shouldtake解析Suggest/advicethat主+should+v原。考点:should省略；给时态迷惑2.Shewouldleavethecityiftherain_.Stops/wouldstop/stopped/stopping解析:1判断would-过去时，从句也用过去时2主句过去将来，if从句用一般过去3.Thepatientknewthathe_thewrongmdicine.take/took/takes/shouldtake1must和haveto【考例】-Mustwefinishgivingouttheposterstoday?-Yes,we_
10、.Itcantbeputoffanylonger.太原市A.canB.mayC.must答案C。解析此题考查情态动词的用法。回答由must引起的一般疑问句，其肯定答语要用must，不能用can或may。故选C。-Ididntpassthemathtest.IthinkIhavespenttoomuchtimeplayingcomputergamesrecently.-Iagree.You_playlikethatanymore.河南省A.needntB.mustntC.maynotD.wouldnt答案B。解析此处选mustnt。表示“一定不能”“千万不能”，用较强的语气来提醒对方不能再玩游戏
11、了。Whentrafficlightsarered.We_stopandwait.南京市A.mayB.canC.mustD.might.答案C。解析考查情态动词，must必须，表示禁止。2can和could-CouldIborrowyourdictionary?-Ofcourseyou_.陕西省A.canB.mustC.shouldD.will答案A。解析上文的could并不表示过去，而只是一种委婉的说法，所以答语用can更礼貌些。-Listen!IsTomsingingintheclassroom?-No.It_beTom.HehasgonetoParis.长沙市A.maynotB.need
12、ntC.cant答案C。解析因为汤姆不在这里，所以不可能是他。一Mary，_youspeakChinese?一Yes，onlyalittle北京市AmustBneedCmayDcan答案D。解析考查情态动词，“玛丽，你会说英语吗?“是的，会一点”。故选D。can表示能够1Schools_allowstudentsatleastonehouradayforsports.A.wouldB.mightC.shouldD.could答案C。解析此处用情态动词should的用法。should表示“应当应该”的含义比其他三个词更强些。2.Bob，mayI_yourMP4?一SureButyoudbette
13、rnot_ittoothersA.lend；lendBlend；borrowCborrow；borrowD.borrow；lend答案D。解析本题考查动词borrow和lend的区别.由语境可判断前者是借入，用borrow后者是借出，用lend。3.-Whataboutplayingfootballthisafternoon,Sam?-Iwouldrather_athomethan_football.Itstoohotoutside.A.stay;playingB.stay;playC.tostay;toplayD.tostay;playing答案：A。解析本题考查了wouldrather的固
14、定短语的应用。WouldratherdoAthandoB和做B比起来，宁愿做A。4.Heusedto_inthesun,butnowheisusedtoatnight.A.read,readB.reading,readC.read,readingD.reading,reading答案：C。解析考查固定结构的用法。Used后接动词不定时，beusedto后接动名词。故选C。5.You_doitifyoureallydontwantto.A.needntB.mustntC.cantD.couldnt答案A。解析考查情态动词。本题应由句意人手破解。如果你不想做的话，你“没有必要”做它，所以正确答案为
15、A项。6.-MayIdotherestoftheworktomorrow?-Yea,ofcourse.You_finishittoday.A.mustB.mustntC.neednt答案C。解析思路分析：根据句意可知，neednt不必7.You_betiredafterworkingforeighthourswithoutarest.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need答案C。解析本题考查情态动词must，can，may8need的区别。情态动词must在此表示肯定的推测。8.一LookattheboyrunningonthegroundIsitDavis?It_behimIsawhi
16、mgototheteachersofficejustnowAmustBcantCcouldDmight答案B。解析考查情态动词。表推测时否定句中用cant。表示“不可能”，因为他已经去了老师的办公室。1._I open the window?Its hot here. A.Must B.Shall C.Will D.Would2.Go and ask Mr Liu.He _tell you. A.may B.can C.would D.could3._you please tell me the time please? A.Shall B.Will C.May D.Might4._I try
17、 out all the ideas? No,you _. A. Must, mustnt B.Need,need C.Must,dont have to D.Must,dont5._I speak to Mr Green，please? A.Will B.Could C.Must D.Would BABCB课时训练课时训练9.He said Kate _come to the party.But I dont think so. A.could B.might C.need D.must10.Need I do my lessons right now? Yes,you_. A.need B
18、.can C.should D.must11.Would you like to go swimming with me this afternoon? Id love to.But Im afraid I_.I have too much work to do. A.cant B. mustnt C. neednt D.may not12.To make our city more beautiful，rubbish_into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C.cant throw D. may not throwBDA
19、B课时训练课时训练10.Dont worry! We can get to the bus station in time and _the early bus. A. dont miss B. can miss C. will miss D. wont miss11.Please dont make any noise in the reading room. _ A. Sorry, I wont. B. Sorry, I cant. C. Yes, I wont. D.OK,I didnt.12.Must I return your digital camera tomorrow. Tin
20、a? No, you_. A. mustnt B. may not C. neednt D. wontACD课时训练课时训练13.Would you like some more? _Im full. A.Yes,please. B.Id love to. C.No,I wouldnt. D.No,thanks.14.You_swim in this part of the lake. Its dangerous. A. mustnt B.may not C. neednt D.wont15.Your e-mail address again? I_quite catch it. Hr Zhou . A.dont B.cant C.wont D. didnt ADD课时训练课时训练
