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1、EnglishBasicTenses(时态时态) anemptystreetanemptyhouseaholeinsideheartImallaloneandtheroomsaregettingsmallerIwonderhowiwonderwhyIwonderwheretheyarethedayswehadthesongswesangtogetherandoh!mylove Imholdingonforeverreachingforalovethatseemssofarsoisayalitterprayernomydreamwilltakemetherewheretheskiesareblu
2、etoseeyouonceagainmyloveOverseasfromcoasttocoastTofindtheplaceIlovethemostWherethefieldsaregreenToseeyouonceagain,myloveI trytoreadIgotoworkImlaughingwithmyfriendsButIcantstopTokeepmyselffromthinking(ohno)IwonderhowIwonderwhyIwonderwheretheyareThedayswehadThesongswesangtogether(ohyeah)andohmyloveImh
3、oldingonforeverreachingforalovethatseemssofarsoisayalitterprayernomydreamwilltakemetherewheretheskiesarebluetoseeyouonceagainmyloveOverseasfromcoasttocoastTofindtheplaceIlovethemostWherethefieldsaregreenToseeyouonceagain,mylove他昨天他昨天来来了了.他已经他已经来来了了.他明天他明天来来.汉语借助汉语借助词汇手段词汇手段而非词的形态变化来表示而非词的形态变化来表示动作的发
4、生动作的发生,而英语主要通过而英语主要通过谓语动词时态谓语动词时态变化变化来表现来表现.任何句子都要先注意任何句子都要先注意时态时态.Hecameyesterday.Hehascome.Hewillcometomorrow.一般过去时一般过去时(TheSimplePastTense)一般现在时一般现在时(TheSimplePresenttense一般将来时一般将来时(TheSimpleFutureTense)现在进行时现在进行时(ThePresentContinuousTense)过去进行时过去进行时(ThePastContinuousTense)现在完成时现在完成时(ThePresentPe
5、rfectTense)过去完成时过去完成时(ThePastPerfectTense)过去将来时过去将来时(TheSimplePastFutureTense)将来进行将来进行时时(TheFutureContinuousTense)How is your daily life as a high school student?(3sentencesormore,使用实意动词和系动词使用实意动词和系动词,注意动词形式变化注意动词形式变化)一、一、一般现在时一般现在时(ThePresentIndefinite)1.结构结构:主语为主语为第三人称单数第三人称单数,谓动要变化谓动要变化,其其余人称用原形余
6、人称用原形.IstudyhardeverydayandIgetalongwellwithmyclassmates,butsometimesImissmyfamilies.2.用法用法:1)经常性或习惯性经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如间状语连用，如often/usually,every,sometimes,at,onSunday。2)表示不受时间限制的表示不受时间限制的科学事实或客观真理科学事实或客观真理。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Howdidyouspendyourchildhood?(3sentencesormore,使
7、用实意动使用实意动词和系动词词和系动词,注意动词形式变化注意动词形式变化)Example:I_(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriends.Wealways_(play)footballandbasketballtogetherandwe_(not)havesomuchhomeworktodoasnow.We_(be)happyatthattime.spentplayedDidntwere二、二、一般过去时一般过去时(TheSimplePastTense)1.结构结构:谓动用动词过去式谓动用动词过去式2.用法用法:在在过去时间里所发生过去时间里所发生的动作
8、或存在的的动作或存在的状态。状态。常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用。常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用。如如yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,in1982等。等。犹如pictureHowwillyouspendyourSpringFestivalholiday?IwillImgoingto三三.一般将来时一般将来时(TheSimpleFutureTense)1.will/begoingtodo2.be+todo，按，按计划或正式安排计划或正式安排将发生的事。将发生的事。Wearetohaveanexamthisweek.3.beabouttodo,表示表示马上做某事马上做某事
9、,不能与明确不能与明确表示将来的时间状语连用表示将来的时间状语连用.HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.Dadsaidtome,“Iwillbuyacomputerforyouifyoucanpasstheexam.”Dadtoldme(that)he_(buy)acomputerformeifIcouldpasstheexam.wouldbuyWhataretheydoingnow?Theyarehavingaclass.四四.现在进行时现在进行时(ThePresentContinuousTense)2.用法：用法：1)表示表示现在现在(指说话时指说话时)正在发生正在发生的
10、事情。的事情。WearehavingEnglishclassnow.2)表示表示目前这段时间内目前这段时间内正在进行的动作正在进行的动作,但说但说话时动作未必正在进行。话时动作未必正在进行。SheislearningpianounderMr.Smith.1.结构结构:be(am,are,is)+doing3)现在进行时用来表示现在进行时用来表示按计划即将发生的按计划即将发生的动作动作,多用于表示多用于表示移动移动的动词的动词,如如:come,go,start,arrive,leave,stay.Imleavingtomorrow.Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?On
11、August8,2008,the29thOlimpicGameswasopeninginBeijing.What were you doing on that day?五五.过去进行时过去进行时(ThePastContinuousTense)1.结构：结构：was/were+doing2.用法用法:表示过去某时或某段时间正在进行的动表示过去某时或某段时间正在进行的动作或状态。常用的时间状语作或状态。常用的时间状语attenyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,whileEnglish,boringorfunny?Q1:Howoldwereyouwhen
12、youfirststartedlearningEnglish?Q2:HowlonghaveyoulearntEnglish?A:WehavelearntEnglishformanyyearssincewewere6yearsold.六六.现在完成时现在完成时(ThepresentPerfectTense) 1.结构结构:have(has)+过去分词过去分词2.用法用法:1).现在完成时表示过去某一时间开始，一直延现在完成时表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态续到现在的动作或状态,通常用于延续性动词通常用于延续性动词.常与表示延续性的时间状语连用常与表示延续性的时间状语连用,如如:s
13、ofar,uptonow,recently,inthepast6years,since,for等等等等IhavelivedinZhuhaifor3years.2)表示发生在过去的某一动作表示发生在过去的某一动作对现在造成的影响对现在造成的影响或结果或结果,常用的时间状语有常用的时间状语有:just,already,yet,ever,never,once等等等等.Wehavefinishedourlunchalready.Haveyouevertriedthismethod?比较比较since和和for since+时间点时间点,用来说明动作起始时间用来说明动作起始时间for+时间段时间段,用来
14、说明动作延续时间长度。用来说明动作延续时间长度。Ihavelivedhereformorethantwentyyears.IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.七七.过去完成时过去完成时(ThepastperfectTense)1.结构结构:had+过去分词过去分词2.概念：表示过去的过去概念：表示过去的过去-|-|-|-过去之前过去之前过去现在将来过去现在将来 Yougraduated(毕业毕业)fromJuniorMiddleSchoolinJuly2009.Youhadstayedtherefor3yearswhenyougraduated.Whenthepolicea
15、rrived,thethieves_(runaway).WhenIcameintotheclassroom,mydearstudents_(begin)reading.hadrunawayhadbegunExercises1.Iusually_upat6:00,butyesterdayI_upat7:00andtomorrowI_upat6:30.(get)2.Listen!Someone_(knock)atthedoor.3.I_(be)inBeijingfortwoyears.4.Howoften_Andy_(surf)theinternet?5.Hefellasleepwhilehe_(
16、read)abook.getwillgetgotisknockinghavebeendoessurfwasreading6.I_never_(hear)ofthatmanbefore.7.Mybrotheroften_(go)forwalkslastsummer.8.Lilysaidshe_(put)onthenewdressthenextday.9._thestory_(happen)inLondonin1949?10.What_hismother_(do)whenheopenedthedoor?haveheardwentwouldDidhappenwasdoing11.Ifit_(notr
17、ain)tomorrow,they_(go)fishing.12._yourmother_thepianoeverySunday?13.They_(not)callyouthedayaftertomorrow.14.Tom_(work)theresincetwoyearsago.15.BythetimeI_(walk)intotheclassroom,theteacher_(start)teaching.doesntrainwillgoDoeshasworkedwontwalkedhadstartedplayJennyJenny_(be)aforeigngirl.She_(come)fromt
18、heUnitedStates.Look,she_(draw)picturesinthelivingroom.Twoyearsago,herparents_(move)toChina.Jenny_(nothave)anyfriends,soshe_(feel)lonely.Butnow,she_(have)manyChinesefriendsand_(study)withthemeveryday.Jenny_(visit)hergrandparentsintheUnitedStatesnextmonth.iscomesisdrawingmoveddidnthavefelthasstudieswi
19、llvisitLesson11:OnegoodturndeservesanotherI _ (have) dinner at a restaurantwhenTonySteelecamein.Tony_(work)inalawyers office years ago, but he _(work)atabanknow.He_(get)agoodsalary,but he always _ (borrow) money from hisfriendsandnever_(pay)itback.Tony_(see) me and _ (come) and _ (sit) at thesame ta
20、ble. He _ never _ (borrow)money from me. While he _ (eat), I_(ask)himtolendmetwentypounds.Tomysurprise,he_(give)methemoneyimmediately.Ihaveneverborrowedanymoneyfromyou,Tonysaid,sonowyoucanpayformydinner!washavingworkedisworkingaskedsawcamehassatgavewaseatingborrowsgetspaysborrowed动词的语态动词的语态 (voice)
21、(voice) 动词的语态动词的语态 语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。Wewatchedafilmlastnight.Idrinkmilkeveryday.Afilm_.Milk_.Summary(总结总结):is/was+done(p.p)Present/ past simple(一般现在一般现在/过去时过去时) waswatchedbyuslastnightisdrunkbymeeverydayWill/wouldbedone新电脑下周将投
22、入使用。新电脑下周将投入使用。Thenewcomputerswillbeusednextweek.妈妈告诉我我的自行车明天去修。妈妈告诉我我的自行车明天去修。Mymothertoldmethatmybikewouldberepairedthenextday.Present/ past future(一般将来时一般将来时/ 过去将来时过去将来时) am/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone中国国家大剧院正在建设当中。中国国家大剧院正在建设当中。TheNationalOperaBuildingisbeingbuiltatpresent.Present/ past pro
23、gressive (现在进行时现在进行时/过去进行时过去进行时) has/havebeendonehadbeendone这个问题已经得到了圆满的解决。这个问题已经得到了圆满的解决。Theproblemhasbeenwellsolved.昨天晚上我到超市的时候，牛奶已经卖完了。昨天晚上我到超市的时候，牛奶已经卖完了。ThemilkhadbeensoldwhenIgottothesupermarketlastnight.Present/ past perfect (现在完成时现在完成时/ 过去完成时过去完成时) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态比较：比较：rise是不及
24、物动词；是不及物动词；raise是及物动词。是及物动词。Thepricehasbeenrisen.Thepricehasrisen.Thepricehasraised.Thepricehasbeenraised.Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.(错错)(对对)(错错)(对对)(错错)(对对) 要想正确地使用被动语要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有
25、在学解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。习过程中多留意积累。一般现在时一般现在时:be(am/are/is)+p.p.(过去分词过去分词)一般过去时一般过去时:be(was/were)+p.p.一般将来时一般将来时:willbe+p.p.过去将来时过去将来时:wouldbe+p.p.现在进行时现在进行时:be(am/are/is)+being+p.p.过去进行时过去进行时:be(was/were)+being+p.p.现在完成时现在完成时:have/has+been+p.p.过去完成时过去完成时:had+been+p.p.Challengeyourself!1、对、对于于这个问题，关注很少。这个问题，关注很少。Littleattentionwaspaidtothisproblem.2、课堂上应该鼓励小组讨论。、课堂上应该鼓励小组讨论。Groupdiscussionshouldbeencouragedinclass.3、据报导，这里将修建一条新的马路。、据报导，这里将修建一条新的马路。Itisreportedthatanewroadwillbebuilthere.4、必须采取措施来防止河流受到污、必须采取措施来防止河流受到污Measuresshouldbetakentostoptheriverfrombeingpolluted.
