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1、高考英语高考英语单选复习探讨单选复习探讨一、命题特点一、命题特点 近几年的近几年的NMETNMET单项选择填空题的命题原单项选择填空题的命题原则是：则是：“突出语境，强化语意，强调运用突出语境，强化语意，强调运用”。纯语法题逐年减少，语境题逐年增加。知识纯语法题逐年减少，语境题逐年增加。知识覆盖面广，题目设计灵活多样。覆盖面广，题目设计灵活多样。此类题型的此类题型的设置旨在测试考生基础知识在特定语境中的设置旨在测试考生基础知识在特定语境中的应用，词法、习语的识记与理解以及语用能应用，词法、习语的识记与理解以及语用能力。由于高考是选拔性的测试，所以单项填力。由于高考是选拔性的测试，所以单项填空题
2、有一定的难度，这使得我们在此类题目空题有一定的难度，这使得我们在此类题目上费时较多又得分率不高。上费时较多又得分率不高。二、单项填空的解题指导二、单项填空的解题指导要想在分钟内完成要想在分钟内完成1515道题且能得到道题且能得到较好的分数，应试者首先必须具备扎实的较好的分数，应试者首先必须具备扎实的英语基础知识，然后掌握一定的解题技巧。英语基础知识，然后掌握一定的解题技巧。倘若这两点都能做到，就水到渠成倘若这两点都能做到，就水到渠成了了。下面介绍几种巧做单选题的方法下面介绍几种巧做单选题的方法:一、增强学生的语境意识，一、增强学生的语境意识， 提高学生分析语境的能力：提高学生分析语境的能力：
3、语境题包含语境信息。题干中的语语境题包含语境信息。题干中的语境信息常是单词、短语或句子，有时境信息常是单词、短语或句子，有时甚至是一个标点符号甚至是一个标点符号。准确把握语境。准确把握语境信息可以成功地解答单选题。信息可以成功地解答单选题。1.Allmorningasshewaitedforthemedicalreportfromthedoctor,hernervousness.AhasgrownBisgrowingCgrew Dhadgrown2.HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?Ihavenoidea.He_itthismorning.（NMET2004全国全国
4、II）A.didB.hasdoneC.wasdoingD.haddonecC_3.-IhearJanehasgonetotheHolyIslandforherholiday.-Oh,hownice!Doyouknowwhenshe?（2004湖南）湖南）A.wasleavingB.hadleftC.hasleftD.left4.-DoyouthinktheStarswillbeattheBulls?-Yes.Theyhavebetterplayers,soI_themtowin.A.hopeB.preferC.expectD.want_D_C将高考题进行改变语境信息来进行训将高考题进行改变语境
5、信息来进行训练练,可以强化学生的语境意识可以强化学生的语境意识。1.（原题）（原题）HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?I have no idea.He_itthismorning.（NMET2004全国全国II）（改编）改编）HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?Yes.He_itthismorning.A.didB.hasdoneC.wasdoingD.haddonecA2.（原题）原题）Shirley_abookaboutChinalastyear，butIdontknowwhethershehas finishedit.（改编）改编）
6、Shirley_abookaboutChinalastyear,butIdontknowwhethershe has had it published.A.haswrittenB.wroteC.hadwrittenD.waswritingDB3.（原题）（原题）Robertissaid_abroad,butIdontknowwhatcountryhe studied in.（改编）改编）Robertissaid_abroad,butIdontknowwhatcountryhe is studying in.（改编）改编）Robertissaid_abroad,butIdontknowwhatc
7、ountryhe will study in.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyCtobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudyingACB4.（原题）原题）Wehad three setsofgardentoolsandweseemedtohavenousefor_.(2004浙江浙江)（改编）（改编）Wehadtwo setsofgardentoolsandweseemedtohavenousefor_.A.noneB.eitherC.anyD.eachCB5.（原题）（原题）-WhichofthethreewaysshallItaketothevillage?-
8、_wayasyouplease.(2004福建福建)（改编）（改编）-Whichofthe two waysshallItaketothevillage?-_wayasyouplease.A.EachB.EveryC.AnyD.EitherDC6.（原题）原题）Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear ,80%_aresoldabroad.(2004辽宁辽宁)（改编）（改编）Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear ;80%_aresoldabroad.A.ofwhich
9、B.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthatAC1.-Doyouhave_athomenow,Stella?-No,westillhavetogetseveralpoundsoffruitandsometea.A.anythingB.everythingC.somethingD.nothing2.-DoesJimdohisnewjobwell?-hisoldjob.Howstupid!Ifearthereisnohopeforhim.A.Nobetterthan B.NotbetterthanC.NotsowellasD.Notaswellas“语境化语境化”单项选择题举例：单项选择题举
10、例： BA3.Idontknow_ofthestrangers.Ivegotnobodytotalkwith.A.neitherB.everyoneC.anyD.None4.1).-Doyouhaveanything_?-No,Imfree.2).-Doyouhaveanything_.?-Oh,thankyou,Icanmanageitmyself.A.todoB.tobedoneC.doingD.doCAB二、参考命题意图，排除各种干扰二、参考命题意图，排除各种干扰高考的选拨性决定了单项填空题不会让所高考的选拨性决定了单项填空题不会让所有的人顺利过关，这就必然会通过各种方法有的人顺利过关，
11、这就必然会通过各种方法来增加干扰信息，往往造成考生失分。命题来增加干扰信息，往往造成考生失分。命题人通常从以下角度来设计干扰信息：人通常从以下角度来设计干扰信息：（一）、句型的转换：（一）、句型的转换： 对策对策：运用还原法：运用还原法, ,再现真面目再现真面目 下面举例说明：下面举例说明：1.Everyminuteismadefull_of_ourlessons.A.use;studyB.useful;tostudyC.use;tostudyD.used;studying还原为：还原为：Weshouldmakefull_ofeveryminute_ourlessons_2.Whowouldy
12、ourather_withyoutomorrow，TomorSmith?AhavetogoBhavegoChavegoneDhadgo改为：改为：Youwouldrather_who_withyoutomorrow，TomorSmith?B3.Howpleasedtheboywas_whathisparentssaid！AhearingBheardChearDtohear还原还原为：为：Theboywasverypleased_whathisparentssaid！D4.Itwas_theoldclockthattheoldmanspentthewholemorningathomeArepai
13、rBrepairingCtorepairDinrepair5.Isthemansaidthatreallytrue?A.thatB.whatC.allthatD.thatallBA还原为还原为：Theoldmanspentthewholemorning_theoldclockathome还原为还原为:_themansaidthatisreallytrue.6.WhatshouldIdowiththispassage?_themainideaofeachparagraph.(2005重庆重庆31)A.FindingoutB.FoundoutC.FindoutD.Tofindout补全为补全为:Y
14、oushould_themainideaofC7._aboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoMadagascarforfurtherresearch.(2005江苏江苏)A.SocuriousthecouplewasB.SocuriouswerethecoupleC.HowcuriousthecouplewereD.ThecoupleweresuchcuriousB（二）（二）、插入语干扰、插入语干扰这类题主要是利用插入语，增加句这类题主要是利用插入语，增加句子的复杂子的复杂程度，从而达到干扰考生视线程度，从而达到干扰考生视线的目的。的目的。 对策
15、：对策：去掉插入语去掉插入语1.Hebelievesinhimself，_，inmyopinion，isofthemostimportanceAthatBwhichCwhatDas()B2.（2005山东）山东）Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor_hethoughtwasnotenough.AwhereBhowCwhatDwhich()C2.Thewriterandprofessor，whomIoftenrefertoatthemeetings，_famousforthoseworksAisBareCamDwere3.Weshoulddomoresuchexerc
16、isesinthefuture，Ithink，_thosewedidyesterdayAasBlikeCaboutDthan4.Hewilltellyou_heexpectswillwinsuchamatchAwhyBwhomCwhichDwhoAD()()()D()6Heoftenstandsagainstthefenceandtalksendlesslywithmyfather_gardeningproblemsAtoBtooCaboutDoff7.Itsnotnecessaryforustohavecrashdiets_willmakeusloseweight.A.thatsomecom
17、paniessaytheyB.thatsomecompaniessayC.somecompaniessayD.whichsomecompaniessaythatCB()()8.AsChinafacesuptoabattleagainstbirdflu,thegovernmentannouncedarangeofcontrolmeasures_believeswillbringthediseaseundercontrol.A.itB.thatC.whichitD.this9.Heseemed_moreanxiousthanI_frommyfather.A.much;heardB.abit;wou
18、ldhearC.even;tohearD.quite;hadheardC(it)() () C10.(2004天津天津)Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which11.HeturnedofftheheadlampofthecartokeepthelightfromflashinginthroughthewindowofJackshouseand_JackupAwokeBwakingCwakeDtowake()() DB() （三
19、）、标点符号干扰（三）、标点符号干扰标点符号在英语句式中的配合作用是不标点符号在英语句式中的配合作用是不容忽视的，从英语的句型结构这一角度来容忽视的，从英语的句型结构这一角度来看，它甚至是起着决定性的作用看，它甚至是起着决定性的作用它决它决定着句子的单复形式，决定着选词造句等定着句子的单复形式，决定着选词造句等其他诸多问题。其他诸多问题。对策：对策：掌握英语中逗号的作用、常见句子掌握英语中逗号的作用、常见句子结构及并列连词结构及并列连词1.Tom，_suretocometomorrowAisBbeCwas Dwouldbe2.Allthemoney_,Johnhadtostartlooking
20、forajob.A.wascost B.hadcostC.havingbeenspentD.havingspent3_，IhadtowalkhomeA.TherewasnobusB.TherebeingnobusC.TherewerenobusesD.TherewasnotabusBCB4Thewomanstoodhere，hersharpeyes_onmyfaceAfixBfixedCwerefixedDfixing5Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_alongspeechforthepresidentAtoprepareBpreparingCprepa
21、redDwaspreparingBB（四）、省略句干扰（四）、省略句干扰对策：对策：补充省略成分，确定正确选择补充省略成分，确定正确选择1.-Whatmadeyousohappy?-_.A.Becauseofmypassingtheexam.B.Ipassedtheexam.C.BecauseIpassedtheexam.D.Mypassingtheexam.2.Sheislookingsoforwardasmuchtohisreturnashehimselfto_her.A.haveseenB.seeingC.seeD.havingseen(mademesohappy)D（改）（改）Shei
22、slookingsoforwardasmuchtohisreturnashehimself(islookingforward)to_her.B3.TomisbetteratphysicsthanJack,butnot_atchemistry.A.goodB.betterC.asgoodD.toogood4.-IcantfindMr.Morris.Wheredidyoumeethimyesterday?-Itwasinthehotel_hestayed.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.theone改：改：TomisbetteratphysicsthanJack,butnot_（as）
23、atchemistry.C(thatImeethimyesterday)A（五）、思维定势干拢五）、思维定势干拢所谓定势思维，就是习惯性地遵循某一所谓定势思维，就是习惯性地遵循某一单一模式进行的思维。单一模式进行的思维。 对策：对策：运用意群及结构分析法运用意群及结构分析法1.Itsworthmuch_isworthdoing.A.doingitB.todowhatC.whattodo D.dowhat_isworthdoingisworthmuch.()B2.Couldyoutellmethewayyouvethoughtof_.A.todoitB.doingitC.doitD.howtod
24、oit3.Itistheyoungman_lookedforthatcaughtthemurderer.A.theyB.theywereC.wereD.thattheywere() )A() )A4.Dontletthechildwhois_gotoschool.A.soyoungastoB.notoldenoughtoC.tooyoungtoD.notoldenough5.Theyinsistedthatthecruelwoman_thrownintoprison.A.referstoB.referredtobeC.referredtobeingD.referstobe6.Hereissob
25、igastone_noonecanmoveAthatBwhichCasDasto() DTheyinsistedthatthecruelwoman(referredto)(should)bethrownintoprison.BCCf:Hereissobigastone_noonecanmoveit.A8.Shetoldus_shehaddone.A.allwhatB.allwhichC.allthoseD.allofit9.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.(2004天津天津)A.whatB.whichC.thatD.wher
26、eShetold(usall)whatshehaddone.A(=a place which)A11.Inordernottobedisturbed,Ispentthreehours_inmystudy.A.lockingB.lockedC.tolockD.tobelocked12.Hemadeuphismindtodevotehislife_pollution_happily.A.toprevent;toliveB.toprevent;fromlivingC.topreventing;toliveD.toprevent;livingBC13.Assoonashecomesback,Illte
27、llhimwhen_andseehim.(2005北京北京29)A.youwillcomeB.willyoucomeC.youcomeD.doyoucomeAWarmtips: While you are doing Multiple choice in an English exam, technique is of NO use unless it is combined with a good knowledge and understanding of the English language . -Flowing River says.天天勤拾漏天天勤拾漏 天天来补缺天天来补缺 常欢笑莫强作愁常欢笑莫强作愁, , 频静思不惹尘忧频静思不惹尘忧 命道浮沉有曲幽命道浮沉有曲幽 “阳光总在风雨后阳光总在风雨后”Godhelpshimwhohelpshimself!Ican!Justdoit!Bye-bye
