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1、 带定语从句的谚语：1. God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助之。2. He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。定语从句的概念定语从句的概念 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句在句中相当于一个形容定语从句。定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起词，起“定语定语”的作用，修饰说明的作用，修饰说明名词名词、代代词词或或主句全部
2、内容主句全部内容；通常在被修饰的词语；通常在被修饰的词语(即即“先行词先行词”)之后，由之后，由“关系词关系词”引导。引导。1.定义定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句2.先行词先行词： 被修饰的名词被修饰的名词,代词或整句话代词或整句话关系代词、关系副词关系代词、关系副词：3.引导定语从句的词引导定语从句的词关系代词：关系代词：关系副词：关系副词： when,where,why等等who,whom,whose,which,that等等定语从句的相关概念定语从句的相关概念TherewasanearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanin19
3、76.定语从句定语从句“关系词关系词”具有的三种功能：具有的三种功能：(1)引导一个定语从句引导一个定语从句(在定语从句开头在定语从句开头);(2)替代替代“先行词先行词”(省去从句中对应的省去从句中对应的he/she/it/they/him/her/them/house);(3)在定语从句中充当成分在定语从句中充当成分(作主语作主语/宾语宾语/定语定语/状语状语)。1.ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichismorethantwohundredkilometersaway. 2. Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongsandthirtymetr
4、eswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals. 3.Thenumberofpeople whowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000. 4.Laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstone shookTangshan. 5.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Readthesentencesfromthetext.总结总结1.先行词指人时，用关系代词先行
5、词指人时，用关系代词that/who(whom),在句中作主语或宾语；在句中作主语或宾语；2.先行词是物时，用关系代词先行词是物时，用关系代词that/which，在从句中作主语或宾语；在从句中作主语或宾语；3.whose在从句中作定语，既可指人，表示在从句中作定语，既可指人，表示“某某(些些)人的人的”；也可指物，表示；也可指物，表示“某物某物的的”；4.关系代词关系代词that、who、whom、which在定在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。语从句中作宾语时可以省略。关系代词的用关系代词的用法法who/whom1.who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）Thep
6、rofessorwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.2.whom指人指人,作宾语作宾语(作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如介词如介词提前则不能省提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtojustnowisMr.Li.Themanto whomItalkedjustnowisMr.Li.which指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Theradio(which)heisusingismad
7、einJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.that指人指人/物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省作宾语可省略略)whose在定语从句中作定语，在定语从句中作定语，既可指人，既可指人，也可指物。也可指物。指物时可与指物时可与ofwh
8、ich互换使用。互换使用。Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.一、一、that和和which用法的区别用法的区别(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。等不定代词时。Iamsureshehassomething_youcanborrow.(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等等修饰时。修饰时。Ivereadallthebooks_youlendme.
9、1、只能用、只能用that不用不用which的情况的情况(that)thatDoyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?(that)Pleasesendusanyinformation_youhaveaboutthesubject.that(3)先行词被先行词被序数词序数词或或最高级最高级修饰时。修饰时。Thisisthefirstbook_hehasread.(that)Itisthemostbeautifulcity_Iveeverseen.that(4)先行词被先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修修饰时。饰时。Thisist
10、heverybook_belongstohim.thatHeistheonlyperson_waspresentatthetime.that(6)先行词是先行词是who或或which引导的主句。引导的主句。Whoisthegirl_drovethecar?(7)主句以主句以therebe引导时。引导时。Therearemorethan400,000people_diedorwereinjuredintheearthquake.(5)先行词先行词既有人又有物既有人又有物时。时。Thefamouswriterandhisworks_theradiobroadcastarepopulartothes
11、tudents.thatthatthat8.先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。如：句中作表语时。如：Thisisadictionarythatwillhelpyoualot.这是本对你很有帮助的字典。这是本对你很有帮助的字典。Dontcheatme.ImnolongertheboythatIwasthreeyearsago.别骗我了，我再也不是三年前的我了。别骗我了，我再也不是三年前的我了。 (1) 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语介词作宾语（介词提前）。（介词提前）。 There are many tr
12、ees _ they can have a rest.This is the ring _ she spent 1000 dollars.2、只用、只用which不用不用that的情况的情况(2) 在非限制性定语从句中。在非限制性定语从句中。 Football, _ is a very popular game, is played all over the world.underwhichonwhichwhich二、只用二、只用who的情况的情况One _ has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth.The ones _ laugh at the
13、disabled are not good students.Anyone _ fails to finish the task should be punished.Those _ want to go to The Great Wall sigh up here.whowhowhowho先行词是先行词是one, ones, anyone, those时用时用who.3. 表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介词of, 有时可用whose转换。1) Im painting a house, the roof _ isround.Im painting a house _ is round.
14、2) They live in a house, _ windows facesouth.They live in a house, the windows_ face south. of whichwhoseof whichwhose roof一、从一、从A、B、C、D四个选项中四个选项中,选出可以填选出可以填空白处的最佳选项。空白处的最佳选项。1.Lookout!Dontgettooclosetothehouse_roofisunderrepair.(06福福建卷建卷)A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.what2.Seeingthepicture,herememberedM
15、issGuo_hehadworkedwithfortenyears.A.whatB.whichC.whoseD.whomAD3.Ithinkheisthebestauthor_writingskillattractsmanyyoungreaders.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.whose4.TheScienceMuseum,_wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondonstouristattractions.(08江苏卷江苏卷)A.whichB.whatC.thatD.Where5.Thewoman_ourteacherisspe
16、akingtoisLiuJiasmother.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.alltheaboveDAD二、用适当的关系词填空。二、用适当的关系词填空。1.Themostimportantthing_weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing_Ihavesaid.2.Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandthepersons_noneofushaseverheardof.3.Ihaveboughtaverywatch_wasadvertisedonTV.4.Thepresidentmadeaspee
17、chin_heexpressedhissatisfaction.5.Iknowtheboy_motherisafriendofmine.thatthat thatthatwhichwhose6.Whatsthenameoftheboy_bicycleyouborrowed?7.Idontknowthemanto_Ispokeonthephonejustnow.8.Heisaperson_alwaysthinksmoreofothers.9.Isthereanything_Icandoforyouhere?10.Thewoman_Jackwassittingnexttoontheplanetal
18、kedallthetime.11.Thebeds_wesleptinlastnightwerentverycomfortable.whosewhomwhothatwho/whom/thatwhich/that1.Thewriterisveryfamousinourcity.Wemetheryesterday.2.Thedressisfashionable.Sheiswearingit.Thewriter who/whom/that/wemetyesterdayisveryfamous inourcity.Thedresswhich/that/sheiswearingisfashionable.
19、三、将下列每组句子合并成一个含定语从句三、将下列每组句子合并成一个含定语从句 的复合句。的复合句。3.ImlisteningtotheMp4.ItbelongstoTom.4.Isthatthecompany?Yourfatheronceworkedinthecompany.5.Thatstudentdidntcometoschoolthismorning.Iborrowedhisbookyesterday. ImlisteningtotheMp4which/thatbelongstoTom.Isthatthecompanythat/which/yourfatheronceworkedin?T
20、hatstudentwhosebookIborrowedyesterdaydidntcometoschoolthismorning.6.Thetreeisquitetall.Heisclimbingit.7.Doyouknowthestudentsaddress?HernameisJenny.8.Iwanttotalktotheboys.Theyhaventhandedintheirhomework.Thetree(which/that)heisclimbingisquitetall.DoyouknowtheaddressofthestudentwhosenameisJenny? Iwantt
21、otalktotheboyswho/thathaventhandedintheirhomework. 9.Thechildisaverygoodstudentnow.Yousavedhimintheearthquake.10.Theteacherpointedoutthemistakes.Thestudentshadntcorrectedthem.Thechild(who/whom/that)yousavedintheearthquakeisaverygoodstudentnow.Theteacherpointedoutthemistakes(which/that)thestudentshadntcorrected.1.FinishtheexercisesonP29andonP64.2.PreviewUsingLanguageonP30.
