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1、ObjectClauses宾语从句宾语从句一教学任务一教学任务 复习宾语从句复习宾语从句 二教学重点二教学重点 1.1.宾语从句的概念宾语从句的概念 2.2.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词 3.3.宾语从句中的语序宾语从句中的语序 4.4.宾语从句的时态变化宾语从句的时态变化 三三.教学难点教学难点1.if与与whether的区别的区别2.when与与if引导的宾语从句和状语从句引导的宾语从句和状语从句3.宾语从句与简单句的互换宾语从句与简单句的互换We know him We know he likes English.主主s s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o宾语从句就
2、是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语 主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句复合句复合句一什么是宾语从句？试比较Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员宇航员)?Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. Please tell me where she has gone.I dont know if he will come tonight.Lets find out whats on tonight .Find out the O
3、bject ClausesWe are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .Question:Whatisthe object clause?在复合句中做在复合句中做主句宾语主句宾语的从句叫的从句叫宾语从句宾语从句Structure(结构）：结构）：主句主句连接词连接词宾语从句宾语从句连接词连接词语序语序时态时态宾宾语语从从句句三三要要素素一，宾语从句的一，宾语从句的连接词连接词1.当从句是当从句是陈述句陈述句时时,2. 当从句是当从句是一般疑问句或是反意疑问句一般疑问句或是反意疑问句时，时，3. 当
4、从句是当从句是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句时，时，Conjunctions(连接词的用法连接词的用法)用用that引导，引导，that 可省略可省略用用“if ”或或“whether”引导。引导。用用特殊疑问词特殊疑问词来引导。来引导。连接代词：连接代词：who、whom,whose,what、which连接副词连接副词：when、why、where、how二二. . 宾语从句的宾语从句的语序语序主句主句+连接词连接词+从句从句(主主+谓谓+其他成分其他成分)1:Whereareyoufrom?(特殊疑问特殊疑问句句)Canyoutellme_?(宾语从句宾语从句)2:Issheastudent?(一
5、般疑问一般疑问句句)Idontknowif_.(宾语从句宾语从句)语序：语序：陈述句语序陈述句语序whereyouarefromsheisastudent三三.宾语从句中时态的变化宾语从句中时态的变化Ihear(that)Jim(be)aworkertwoyearsago.Jim(be)anEnglishteachernow.Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim(learn)1000Chine
6、sewordsbytheendoflastsemester.填一填填一填wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.当当主句是一般现在时主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的，宾语从句的时态不受限制时态不受限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）（需要性原则）2.2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）一致。（呼应性原则）1)
7、HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)HetoHongKong.2)Hesick.3)Heabook.4)HeHesaid辨一辨辨一辨wouldgowaswasreadinghiswork.hadfinished 3. 3.当宾语从句说明的是当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实客观存在的事实或者是或者是客观存在客观存在的真理时的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在一般现在时态时态。（特殊性原则）。（特殊性原则）Hetoldme(that) Su
8、mmerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.比一比比一比确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句时态根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后一般现在时一般现在时时态保持不变时态保持不变一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成
9、时宾语从句的要点宾语从句的要点1.连接词的选择连接词的选择陈述句充当宾语从句陈述句充当宾语从句一般疑问句充当宾语从句一般疑问句充当宾语从句特殊疑问句充当宾语从句特殊疑问句充当宾语从句疑问代词或疑问副词疑问代词或疑问副词that（可省略（可省略）if/whether2.语序语序陈述句语序陈述句语序(先主语后谓语先主语后谓语)主主句句一般现在时一般现在时从从句句一般过去时一般过去时按实际情况用所需时态按实际情况用所需时态相应的过去的某种时态相应的过去的某种时态3.时态时态如果从句表达的是如果从句表达的是客观现象或真理客观现象或真理，无论主句是什么，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用时态，从句都用_。4.
10、当主句谓语动词为当主句谓语动词为think，suppose，expect，believe等时，其后的等时，其后的宾语从句为否定句宾语从句为否定句时，常时，常将否定词将否定词not从从句中移到主句中，从从句中移到主句中，构成构成否定前移否定前移一般现在时一般现在时宾宾语语从从句句三三要要素素引导词引导词thatthat（陈述句（陈述句 ）ififwhetherwhether（一般疑问句（一般疑问句 ） 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句（特殊疑问句) )时态时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去
11、将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理客观真理自然现象自然现象公式定理公式定理名言警句名言警句时态不变时态不变七七.本课小结本课小结将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句: :1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to go skiting? He asked. 4. He is doing his homework. H
12、e said. 5. He will come back. Tom said. I asked where they stopped on the way. Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to go skiing. He said that he was doing his homework. Tom said that he would come back. 6.Isshedoingherhomework?Jimasked.7. When will he come bac
13、k? Tom asked. 8.How can I get to the station?Could you tell me?9.Why is the train late? Would you tell me?10. Where is Tom? They asked. Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was. Jim asked if she
14、was doing her homework. 1.Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey_(return)italready.5.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)6.Heaskedwhatthey_ateightlastnight.(do)7.Theteachertoldhiscl
15、assthatlight_fasterthansound.(travel) will be goes were playing have returned had been travels were doingExercise:fillintheblanks1.Couldyoutellme?A.wherethetwinswereB.wherethetwinsareCwherearethetwins2.A:Doyouknow?B:Yes,hecameherebytrain.A.whenhecamehereB.ifhewillcomehereC.whyhecamehereD.howhecamehe
16、re3.ShesayssheEnglishfortenyears.A.learnedB.haslearnedC.waslearningD.havelearned4.Theteachertoldusthattheearthround.A.wasB.isC.willbeD.wouldbe5.Tellme.A.whatwrongiswithhimB.whatswrongtohimC.whatthematteriswithhimD.whatsthematterwithhim6.Myfriendaskedme.A.whoisthegirlB.whothegirlwasC.whowasthegirlD.w
17、hothegirl. Choose the right answers.BDBBDB走走近近中中考考2011山东Thepolicemanaskedthelittlegirl_.A.whyshewascryingB.whywasshecryingC.whysheiscrying解析宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除除B.主句动词为过去时态，宾语从句中也主句动词为过去时态，宾语从句中也要用与过去时态相应的时态，故选要用与过去时态相应的时态，故选A.中考题解析Hesaidthatlight_muchfasterthansound.A.hastravelledB.travelled
18、C.travels解析从句是一个从句是一个客观真理客观真理，因此，因此从句的时态不受主句影响，应选从句的时态不受主句影响，应选C.【2011天津】Wellplanttreestomorrow,andIdontknow_Tomwillcomeandjoinus.A.ifB.whichC.whatD.where【2011湖南湘潭】Doyouknow_tomorrow?Sorry,Idontknow.YoumaysurftheInternet.A.whetherwillitrainBifitwillrainCwhetherdoesitrainAB【2011广西柳州】Couldyoutellme_th
19、eparty?NextFriday.A.wherewearegoingtohaveB.whenwearegoingtohaveC.whenweweregoingtohaveB【2011广东深圳】Idontknow_.YoucangoandaskJack.A.whendoesthetrainleaveB.thatwewillplanttreesornotC.ifshehadcomeyesterdayD.whatIshouldbuyforhimD【2011宁夏】Bobaskedme_.A.whatwasshedoingB.whatisshedoingC.whatshewasdoingDwhatsh
20、eisdoingC8.Wheredidsheputhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow_hercar?9.Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegirlwondered_often_about.10.Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idontknow.Idontknow_atthedoorsoloudly.11.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idontknow.Idontknow_hestill_inthatstreet.12.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Ple
21、asetellme.Pleasetellme_.13.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heaskedtheboys_they_friedchicken.where she putwhat he talkedwho knockedif liveswhen the train arrivesif wanted9.Ididntknowwhomtheletters_from.(be)10.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)11.MrWangtoldmethattheearth_(move)roundthesun.12
22、.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_thereseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise) wrote moves has taken had been rises wereIf与whether的区别1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay here the next we
23、ek.4._ he will come is not decided. 与与or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whetherThanksThanksIdontfeelverywell.Mumaskedme_thismorning.（重庆市）A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrongC.whatwasthematterD.whatwrongwas 哪些特殊疑问句作宾语从句语序不变？what,who，which作主语时是陈述语序,作宾语从句时语
24、序不变，如以下句子：Whichisthewaytoschool?whatisthematter?Whatiswrong?wholikesmusic?Whatshappening?Whathappened?注意：whatsyourname不是陈述语序C.Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.4Doyouknowwhocaritis?wasiswhose六六. .课堂检测课堂检
25、测改一改改一改将下列问句变成陈述句。1.Canheswim?swim.2.Doeshehaveapen?apen.3.Whichplacedidhegoto?Whichplace.4.Whatswrongwithyou?.5.Whathappenedtoyou?.6.Whichisthewaytothestation?.想一想想一想为什么4，5，6语序不变？HecanHehashewenttoWhathappenedtoyouWhatswrongwithyou说一说说一说将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。WhichisthewaytothestationCanyoutellme/Iwanttoknow/Iwonder/Pleasetellme?e.g.Canyoutellmeif/whetherhecanswim?
