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1、1.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.2.Allthatglittersisnotgold.3.HewhodoesntreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.4.Hethatgainstimegainsallthings.5.Hewholearnsbutdoesnotthink,islost;Hewhothinksbutdoesnotlearn,isingreatdanger.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese:不到长城非好汉。不到长城非好汉。谁赢得时间谁就赢得一切。谁赢得时间谁就赢得一切。学而不思则罔，思
2、而不学则殆。学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。能发光的不都是金子。能发光的不都是金子。wholaughslastthatglitterswhodoesntreachtheGreatWallthatgainstimewholearnsbutdoesnotthinkwhothinksbutdoesnotlearn定语从句定语从句（theattributiveclause)1、定义定义：在英语中在英语中, ,_叫定语从句。也就是说叫定语从句。也就是说定语定语从句充当从句充当_词的功能。词的功能。被定语从句限定的词是被定语从句限定的词是_，引导定语从句的词，引导定
3、语从句的词叫做叫做_。根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为。根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为和和。关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，起关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，起_、_、_的作用的作用.形容形容关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词连接连接先行词与定从先行词与定从替代替代先行词先行词在定从中在定从中充当成分充当成分先行词先行词that,which,who,whom,whose，aswhat不能引导定从不能引导定从when,where,why一、基础知识：一、基础知识：6 6个个3 3个个关系词关系词修饰或限制一个名词或代词的从句，修饰或限制一个名词或代词的从句，2 2、定语从句分类：、定语从句分类：限制性定
4、语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句关系和主句关系十分密切十分密切，若省，若省去，主句的意思就不明确。去，主句的意思就不明确。主从句之间主从句之间不用逗号不用逗号隔开。隔开。是对被修饰部分进行附加说是对被修饰部分进行附加说明，如果去掉，主句意思仍明，如果去掉，主句意思仍然完整或清楚。它和主句之然完整或清楚。它和主句之间关系间关系比较松散比较松散，因此常用，因此常用逗号隔开逗号隔开。不用不用that引导。引导。Thatistheboywhomwetalkedaboutyesterday.Mr.Zhang,whocametoseemeyesterday,isanoldfrie
5、ndofmine.3 3、 先行词和关系词的关系先行词和关系词的关系Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.BeijingistheplacewhereIwasborn.theman=whom/that关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系代词实际上是先行词的复指thebooks=whosewhose实际上是先行词的所有格实际上是先行词的所有格intheplace=where关系副词实际上是介词关系副词实际上是介词+ +先行词先行词二、定语从句考点归纳：二、定语从句考点归纳：that与与which如何
6、判断介词如何判断介词定语从句谓语动词的数定语从句谓语动词的数theway作先行词作先行词as的使用的使用如何判定用关系代词还是关系副词如何判定用关系代词还是关系副词考点一：考点一：如何判定用关系代词还是关系副词如何判定用关系代词还是关系副词Remember: 引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看他关键要看他们在从句中做什么成份而定们在从句中做什么成份而定。或者说，假如把先行词放到。或者说，假如把先行词放到从句中是做从句中是做主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语还是还是状语状语而定。而定。考点二：考点二：that与与which1、先行词有、先行词有最高级或序数词最高级
7、或序数词修饰时，只能用修饰时，只能用that引导。引导。2、先行词有、先行词有thevery,theonly,thelast修饰时，只能用修饰时，只能用that引导。引导。3、先行词为、先行词为all,everything,nothing等不定代词时，只等不定代词时，只能用能用that引导。引导。4、先行词、先行词既有人又有物既有人又有物时，只能用时，只能用that引导。引导。5、先行词被、先行词被any,all,few,little,much等修饰时，只能用等修饰时，只能用that引导。引导。6、只用、只用which而不用而不用that的情况：的情况：1、引导、引导非限制性非限制性定语定语从
8、句；从句；2、代表、代表整句话整句话的意思；的意思；3、介词介词+which考点三：如何判断介词考点三：如何判断介词1、根据定语从句中、根据定语从句中动词或形容词短语动词或形容词短语搭配来选介词。搭配来选介词。2、根据定语从句中的、根据定语从句中的与先行词的搭配与先行词的搭配来选用介词。来选用介词。3、根据定语从句、根据定语从句所表达的意义所表达的意义来确定介词。来确定介词。考点四：定语从句谓语动词的数考点四：定语从句谓语动词的数关系代词在从句中关系代词在从句中做主语做主语时，谓语动词的人称和数必须与时，谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词先行词保持一致。保持一致。考点五：考点五：theway用作先
9、行词用作先行词theway作先行词时，先看定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾作先行词时，先看定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语：语：缺少主语或宾语：引导词用缺少主语或宾语：引导词用that/which主语宾语都不缺：引导词用主语宾语都不缺：引导词用that/inwhich/-六、六、as的使用的使用1、先行词前常被、先行词前常被such,thesame修饰时，即构成修饰时，即构成suchas,thesameas结构，常用结构，常用as引导。引导。2、as与与which引导定语从句都能指代引导定语从句都能指代整句话整句话，但从句位，但从句位于于句首句首或者有或者有正如正如的意思时，用的意思时，用as引导。引导
10、。appleorangebananaWhichoneIshouldmake?cherrymango用适当的介词填空：用适当的介词填空：(4scores)1.Thisisthecar_whichIpaid100$.2.Thisisthecar_whichIspent100$.3.Thisisthecar_whichIcantgotowork.4.Thisisthecar_whichtheoldmanwasknockeddown.foronwithoutby1.Itissomethingimportanttous.Youcannotseeitortouchitandwecantlivewithou
11、tit.Butitreallyexists.Whatisit?Airissomethingthatisveryimportanttous.2.ItisknownastheCityofRain.AnearthquakeoccurredonApril20ththere.Whereisit?Yaanisacitywhereanearthquakeoccurred.AirYaanPrayforYaan,fightingforSichuan.4scoresDont forget the things that once you owned.Treasure the things that you hav
12、e got.Dont give up the things that belong to youand keep those lost things in memory.曾经拥有的，不要忘记。已经得到的，更要珍惜。曾经拥有的，不要忘记。已经得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。1.Readthepoem.2.Howmanyattributiveclausesarethereinthispoem?Whatarethey?3.TranslateitintoChinese.5scores1.Imusingthepenwhichheb
13、oughtityesterday.2.ThethirdplacewhichwearegoingtovisitisHangzhou.3.Themanwhoplaytheviolineverydayworksinaschool.4.July1,1999isthedaywhenwellneverforget5.ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada.6.Hehadcheatedintheexam,thatmadeusverysurprised.(去掉去掉)that_towhich_改错：改错：6scores_playswhich_单项选择：单项选择：5scores1.Theman_
14、calledupyesterdaywantstobuythehouse.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.yourself2.Theway_hetellsastoryattractslotsofchildren.A.whichB.inwhichC.whatD.inthat3.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_wasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it4.Thesechildren_parentsworkfarawayfromhomeneedmorelove.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose5.Irememberthetime_
15、Ericwonthatspeechcompetition.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.whichHomework:Finishtheexercisesonthepaper2.Irememberthetime_Ericwonthatspeechcompetition.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.which3.Thecity_weliveandstudyisdevelopingveryfast.A.whyB.whenC.whereD.who嗨，你能抢得过我吗？嗨，你能抢得过我吗？风险题：风险题：5分分10分分20分分嘿嘿，看谁有胆量选择嘿嘿，看谁有胆量选择高分的题，这可是有
16、风险地高分的题，这可是有风险地1.(1)Iwillneverforgetthedays_westudiedtogether.(2)Iwillneverforgetthedays_wespenttogether.2.（1）Doyouknowthereason_hewaslatethismorning?（2）Doyouknowthereason_hewaslateforthismorning?3.（1）Thatbluehouseistheplace_Ipaidavisityesterday.（2）Thatbluehouseistheplace_Ipaidavisittoyesterday.when
17、which/thatwhywhich/thatwherewhich/thatRemember: 引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键关键要看他要看他们在从句中做什么们在从句中做什么成份成份而定。或者说，假如把先行词放到而定。或者说，假如把先行词放到从句中是做主语、宾语、表语还是状语而定。从句中是做主语、宾语、表语还是状语而定。考点一：考点一：that和和which1.Thisisthemostexcitingfootballgames_Ihaveeverseen.2.ThefirstEnglishnovel_IreadwasGoneWithWind.3.Thisis
18、theverybook_Iwanttoborrow.4.Thelastplace_wevisitedyesterdaywasafarm.5.Thisisall_Iknowabouttheaccident.6.Youmustwatcheverythingcarefully_theteacherdoesinclass.themostexcitingThefirsttheveryThelastalleverything7.Theyaretalkingaboutthestudentsandtheschool_theyvisitedyesterday.8.Isthereanyquestion_troub
19、lesyoumuch.9.-Haveyoureadthebooks?-Yes.Ivereadallthebooks_yougaveme.10.Heoftenspeaksoftheroleheplayedintheplay,_madeothersupset.11.Hebrokemycup,_mademeangry.12.Heopenedthedoor,infrontof_sataboy.thestudentsandtheschoolanyall1.Thefellow_Ispokemadenoansweratfirst.2.TheWestLake,_Hangzhouisfamous,isabeau
20、tifulplace.3.Tomorrowisaparticularday_hisdaughterwillgetmarried.4.Thisistheschool_Istudiedtenyearsago.towhomonwhich考点二、如何判断介词考点二、如何判断介词forwhichinwhich5.InfrontofthehouseTomisplantingatree,_hewillbeabletositandreadsomeday.6.Hiswalking-stick,_hecantwalk,waslostyesterday.7.Hewantstorentaroom,thewindow_
21、facessouth.underwhichwithoutwhichofwhich注意：介词注意：介词+which/whom考点三、考点三、定语从句中动词的数定语从句中动词的数1.Hethat_timegainsallthings.(gain)2.Thosewho_mostpeoplehappyarethehappiestintheworld.(make)注意：关系代词在从句中注意：关系代词在从句中_时，谓语动时，谓语动词的人称和数必须与词的人称和数必须与_保持一致保持一致gainsmake3.Tomisoneofthestudentswho_(be)praisedbytheteacheryes
22、terday.4.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_（be)praisedbytheteacheryesterday.werewas作主语作主语先行词先行词考点四、考点四、theway用作先行词用作先行词填上合适的关系词：填上合适的关系词：1.Theway_heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/inwhich/-that/which/-做题技巧：做题技巧：theway作先行词时，先看后面定语从作先行词时，先看
23、后面定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语：句中是否缺少主语或宾语：缺少主语或宾语：缺少主语或宾语：主语宾语都不缺：主语宾语都不缺：引导词用引导词用that/which引导词用引导词用that/inwhich/-考点五：考点五：as的用法的用法1.Itissuchabigstone_nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_nobodycanliftit.3._isknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_surprisedusall.asthatAswhich小结：先行词前常被小结：先
24、行词前常被_,_修饰时，即构修饰时，即构成成_,_结构，常用结构，常用_引导。引导。as与与which引导定语从句都能指代引导定语从句都能指代_，但从句，但从句位于位于_或者有或者有_的意思时，用的意思时，用as引导。引导。suchthesamesuchasthesameasas整句内容整句内容句首句首正如、恰如正如、恰如1.Thetallgirl_theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.2.A.whichB.whomC.whatD.whose3.2.Thepopularstreet_Ivisitedon4.Sundayisbeingrebuiltnow.5.A.
25、/B.whereC.whatD.who3.Ihatethepeople_donthelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.theyD.whereBAA牛刀小试牛刀小试4.Istheriver_throughthattownverylarge?A.whichflowsB.flowsC.thatflowingD.whoseflows5.Themostimportantthing_weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing_Ihavesaid.A.which;thatB.that;whichC.which;whichD.
26、that;that6.Thesongs_shesangintheconcertyesterdaysounded_A./,beautifullyB.that,wonderfullyC.which,wellD./,nice巩固练习：巩固练习：1.Finallythethiefhandedeverything_hehadstolentothepolice.A.WhichB.whatC.whateverD.that2.Hetoldmeall_heknew.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how3.HewasveryrudetotheCustomsofficer,_ofcoursemadeth
27、ingsevenworse.A.whoB.whomC.whatD.which7.Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood,_wehadntexpected.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what8.Youmaykeepany_youfindAthatBwhich CwhatDwhom9.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson_shecouldturnforhelp.A.towhom B.whoC.fromwhomD.that10.TheGreatWallisthelastplace_Mr.smithisgoing
28、tovisitbeforeheleavesBeijing.A.whereB.whichC./D.what11.Theystudyinasmallclassroom_floorisbrokenAwhose BwhichCwhereDthat12.NextSundayistheonlyday_hecansparetojoinusAthatBwhich CwhenDonwhich13.Heisnttheman_heusedtobeAthatBwhom Cwho Dwhich14.Pleasepassmethedictionary_coverisblackAwhich BwhichofCitsDwho
29、seTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish：1 1、他就是我昨天见到的那个人。、他就是我昨天见到的那个人。2 2、这就是我们去年参观的工厂。、这就是我们去年参观的工厂。3 3、他仍然记得他参军的那一天。、他仍然记得他参军的那一天。4 4、你知道他迟到的原因吗？、你知道他迟到的原因吗？Heisthemanwho/whomImetyesterday.Thisisthefactorythat/whichwevisitedlastyear.Hestillremembersthedaywhenhejoinedthearmy.Doyouthereasonwhyh
30、ewaslate?1.Thisisthecar_whichIboughtlastyear.2.Thisisthecar_whichIpaid100$.3.Thisisthecar_whichIspent100$.4.Thisisthecar_whichIgotoworkeveryday.5.Thisisthecar_whichIcantgotowork.-foronbywithoutFillineachblankwithaproperprepositionifnecessary.6.Thisisthecar_whichtheoldmanwasknockeddown.7.Thisisthecar
31、_whichaboythrewastone.8.Thisisthecar_whichwetalked.9.Thisisthecar_whichthewindowwasbroken. byataboutof1.IhavelostthepenwhichIlikeverymuch.（暗示不（暗示不止一个）止一个）Ihavelostthepen,whichIlikeverymuch.（暗示只（暗示只有一支钢笔）有一支钢笔）2.Ihavetwosisters,whoarebothstudents.Ihavetwosisters,bothofwhomarestudents.4.Thisisourclass
32、room,inthefrontofwhichthereisateachersdesk.5.HisfatherwhoisinBeijingwillreturntoYancheng nextweek.()Hisfather,whoisinBeijing,willreturntoYanchengnextweek.()3、关系代词的基本用法：、关系代词的基本用法：关系代词关系代词指代的先行词指代的先行词在从句中充当的成分在从句中充当的成分whowhomthatwhichwhoseas人人人人人和物人和物物物人和人和物物物和一句话物和一句话主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语宾语宾语主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语定语定语主语、宾语主语、宾语4、关系副词的基本用法：、关系副词的基本用法：关系副词关系副词指代的先行词指代的先行词在从句中充当的成分在从句中充当的成分whenwherewhy时间时间地点地点原因原因状语状语状语状语状语状语
