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1、M5 Unit1 GrammarI was shocked to find a piece of paper in paper on my deskWecalltheredwords动词不定式动词不定式(todosth.).Sentences from Reading:I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quizI pretended to be cheerful,We went to wash our hands in the girls room, 本节课重点提要本节课重点提要1. 不定式的基本形式和否定形式不定式的基本形式和否定形式
2、2. 不定式的时态和语态不定式的时态和语态3. 不定式的基本不定式的基本用法用法4 保留不定式符号保留不定式符号to5. 不带不带to的不的不定式定式They advised me to give up smoking They advised me _ _ _ _ smoking .He promised to take care of the poor He promised _ _ _ _ _ the poor不定式的基本形式是由不定式的基本形式是由“to+动词原动词原形形”构成，其否定形式是构成，其否定形式是nottodo.Step1基本形式和否定形式基本形式和否定形式nottogiv
3、eupnotto take care of动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式的时态和语态1. I opened the door to enter the room. 2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. 一般式一般式( to do /to be done).不定式的一般式所不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。发生，或之后发生。Step 2.进行式进行式( to be doing)1. I am very glad to be work
4、ing with you.2. They seemed to be talking about something secret.如果谓语表示的动作如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正定式所表示的动作正在进行。在进行。动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式的时态和语态.完成式（完成式（to have done/to have been done)2. Im pleased to have been given this chance.1. You seemed to have read the novel written
5、 by Mr. Smith.如果不定如果不定式的动作式的动作发生在谓发生在谓语之前。语之前。如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式要用示的动作的承受者，不定式要用被动被动形式形式.语态语态时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般时一般时 进行时进行时完成时完成时 小小 结结to doto be doneto be doing无无to have done to have been done动动词词不不定定式式Todolikethatisfoolish.Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodoistofin
6、ishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish. Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation. 主语主语 宾语宾语表语表语 定语定语 状语状语 宾宾补补Step 3 Step 3 不定式的用法不定式的用法作主语作主语_is really important nowadays._is right= It is right to give up smoking.1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。2. 放弃吸烟是对的。放弃吸烟是对的。不定式短
7、语作主语时，用不定式短语作主语时，用it 作形式主语作形式主语，真正，真正的主语后置。的主语后置。To master a foreign languageTo give up smoking作宾语作宾语Fred didnt have any money, so he decided_He promised not_1. Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。2. 他答应不告述任何人这事。他答应不告述任何人这事。(构成构成V.+ to do的形式的形式)afford, agree, arrange, ask, decide, demand, plan desire
8、, expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, wish, prefer, happen, intend, fail等等不定式短语可以作宾语不定式短语可以作宾语，以下动词后，以下动词后，跟不定式作宾语跟不定式作宾语to look for a job.to tell anyone about it.I find it interesting to work with him.如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it 作形式宾语。类似的动词还有 ( (构成构成主语主语+V.+it+宾补宾补+t
9、odosth.的形式的形式)feel, think, consider, make, believe ) 等 注意 形式宾语形式宾语与与形式主语形式主语的区别是的区别是形式宾语形式宾语无无bebe动词动词在在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make 等词后的补足语中，不定式不带等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但。但 是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。Eg.Ioftenhearhimsingthesong. Heisoftenheard
10、_thesong.注意 allow,ask,advise,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,wouldlike,order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wish( (构成构成“V.+ V.+ SbSb.+ to do.+ to do”的形式的形式) )作宾补作宾补to sing1他要求我和他一起做这个工作他要求我和他一起做这个工作 2 吉姆让我替他向这里的各位给予最好的祝愿吉姆让我替他向这里的各位给予最好的祝愿He asked me _with him.to do the workJim told me _ to
11、everyone hereto give his best wishesConsolidation作表语作表语My job is_To see is_.1. 我的工作是教英语。我的工作是教英语。2. 眼见为实。眼见为实。to teach English.to believe作定语作定语Do you have anything_?1. 你你有有什么要说的吗什么要说的吗?2. Betty是第一个知道这真相的人是第一个知道这真相的人 Betty was the first_to sayto know the truth如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定式的地点/工具,不定式后面须有相应的介词
12、We have several model bikes to choose fromHe is looking for a room to live inPlease give me a knife to cut withThere is nothing to worry about在time place way后面的不定式常省介词He had no place to live注意 作状语作状语He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard.They jumped with joy to hear the news.Im too tired to
13、walk any further tonight.目的状语目的状语.原因状语原因状语.结果状语结果状语1 他回家去取钥匙2 我说了什么话使你不高兴?3 赢了这场足球赛,我们感到自豪He went home _ his keyWhat have I said _you happy?We are proud _the football matchto getto maketo win目的状语目的状语.原因状语原因状语.结果状语结果状语Consolidation在be +形容词(glad happy pleased anxious willing ready等)词后保留to在love like me
14、an hope advise expect want persuade refuse wish seem等动词后保留to在have need ought be able be going used等动词后保留to在ask tell advise persuade wish permit allow sb to do sth中保留to 不定式的否定形式后保留to不定式的完成式后保留to haveUsed to be 结构中的be 不能省略Step 4 动词不定动词不定式保留式保留to符号符号 的情况归的情况归纳纳 Will you join us in a talk? yes Ill be gl
15、ad to Would you like some bananas? Yes Id love to We should do everything that we ought to Dont touch anything unless your teacher tells you to -Did you want to give a talk on this subject? - I prefer not to You ought to have finished your work I know I ought to have China is no longer what it used
16、to beExamples_动词不定式省略动词不定式省略to to 的情况归纳的情况归纳*1 当动词不定式作宾语补足语时，如动词是当动词不定式作宾语补足语时，如动词是 make, let , have 或或 look at , see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, feel 等等，不定式不带，不定式不带to.*2. 在下列结构后在下列结构后 had better, would rather, would ratherthan, cannot but（不得不（不得不 ，必然，不能不），必然，不能不）, cant help but = cant choose
17、but do等等*3. why not 表建议表建议*4. 在介词在介词 but , except 之之后，如果其前有实义动词后，如果其前有实义动词do 的某种形式，不定式不带的某种形式，不定式不带to, 反反之须带之须带to .Step 5 *5不定式and or but rather than 等等表示并列关系的第二个to 省略 ,表示相反关系的不省略第二个toId like to go and see a filmThey didnt tell me whether to go on or to stopDo you want to go shopping or watch TV?I d
18、ecided to write rather than phoneEg.1)Shecoulddonothingbutcry.2)Ihavenochoicebuttogo.3)WehadnothingtodobutwatchTV4)AllIcoulddowassendsendhimatelegramhimatelegram注意注意A. 带疑问词的动词不定式在带疑问词的动词不定式在to 前加疑问词前加疑问词。(不包括不包括why/if)Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer.Can you tell me where to get the book
19、?I dont know I dont know what to say/what to what to say/what to write about/how to do itwrite about/how to do it 无 if to do why to do结构 B There be 句型中不定式主动被动形式一样There is a lot of work to do=there is a lot of work to be done注意注意C 不定式主动被动形式不一样Have you anything to wash? No ,nothing, I plan to go shopp
20、ing不定式的执行者是 you Have you anything to be washed? No ,thank you不定式的执行者不是 you 注意注意1.Robert is said_abroad, but I didnt know what country he studied in.(NMET99)A.to have studied B.to studyB.C. made D. to makePractice2. He claimed _in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.（上海上海98）A.being
21、 badly treated B.treating badlyB.C. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated.3 The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier _ it more difficult. (MET99) A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 4 Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. (NMET
22、2000) A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects5. Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. (MET1998)A.to invent B. inventing B.C. to have invented C. having invented6. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. (MET2003)A.much too heavy
23、 B. too much heavy B.C. heavy too much D. too heavy much7.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.(NMET95)A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto8.LittleJimshouldlove_tothetheatrethisevening.(MET97)A.tobetakenB.totakeB.C.beingtakenD.taking9.Therearefivepairs_,butImatalosswhichtobuy.(
24、1999上海高考上海高考)A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromB.C.tochooseD.forchoosing10. _lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.(2001年北京春季高考年北京春季高考) A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep 11. Withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(2002年上海春季高考年上海春季高考)A.settledB.settlingB.C.tosettleD.b
25、eingsettled12. Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole_inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.(2003上海春季高考上海春季高考)A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying13. Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystateruncompaniesaretrying_theirproductsmorecompetitive.(2002上海春季高考上海春季高
26、考)A.to make B. makingB.C. to have made D.having made14. Theteacheraskedus_somuchnoise.(2003北京春季高考北京春季高考)A.dontmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake15 Mary is always the first student to answer the teachers questions in class. A. rising B. to rise C. rose D. risen16 Wet umbrellas are not allowed into this hotel according to the rule. A to be taken B. to take C. taken D. taking Homework:1. 背诵并默写不定式时态和语态的表格。2. 看例句，复习笔记要点。3. 课课练 P15 period 5
