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1、1.Who put forward a theory about black holes.谁提出了黑洞理论谁提出了黑洞理论put forward(1) 提出（+表示建议,计划等的名词）= come up withe.g. put forward a very good suggestionplan提出了一个很好的建议 计划(2) 把.向前拨e.g. You ought to put your watch forward ten minutes.(3) 推荐e.g. I put myself forward as the monitor.put away:put up with:put on :
2、put out：关于关于put的其它短语：的其它短语：忍受穿上，上演熄灭，扑灭放好.储存(钱)2. draw/ come to/ arrive at/ reach a conclusion得出结论得出结论我们得出结论应该再给他一次机会e.g. e drew a conclusion that we should give him another chance.concludeconclusion n. 结论结论v. 结束结束,推断推断e.g. Some teachers conclude their class with/by a speech.结束结束(+by/with)e.g. What
3、can you conclude from these observations? 一些老师以讲话结束他们的课你从这些观察中能推出什么结论? 推断出推断出,断定断定(+from)3.John Snow was a well-known doctor in London-so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰约翰.斯诺是一位著名的医生斯诺是一位著名的医生-他的确医术他的确医术精湛精湛,以至成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生以至成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生.attend v.()
4、to take good care of (a sick person, for example)照看,照料.e.g. The doctor attended the patients.医生照看病人医生照看病人.e.g.attend school 上学上学attend a lecture 听讲座听讲座attend church 去教堂去教堂attend (at) a wedding 出席婚礼出席婚礼(2) to take care; give attention 注意,留意. e.g. She didnt attend to what I was saying. 她并不注意听我所说的话。(+t
5、o)(3) to be present at 出席,到场The man seen by us yesterday is Professor Smith.4. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.（）exposed to cholera 在句子中是过去分词用作后置定语,表示被动.意为 “患霍乱的”.e.g. The book written by LuXun is very popular. 昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯先生昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯先生.
6、但是当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓但是当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很兴奋时，他就感到很兴奋鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的.expose sth/sb to 使暴露于；使面临；使遭受（危险，攻击等）翻译：呆在户内，别把你的皮肤暴露于太阳底下翻译：呆在户内，别把你的皮肤暴露于太阳底下Keep indoors and dont expose your skin to the sune.g.Those who were exposed to bird-flu were separated.be exposed to招致，遭受染上禽流感的人都被隔离了（） ex
7、pose 使暴露于;使接触到 发散思维：发散思维：adj. 暴露的，无掩蔽的暴露的，无掩蔽的exposednessn. 暴露，显露暴露，显露exposed 揭露,揭发 e.g. expose a crime 把某事暴露于光天化日之下把某事暴露于光天化日之下expose sth to the light of day揭发罪行 deadly (1) adj. 致命的,致死的;毒性的e.g. This is a deadly poison. 这是一种致命的毒药。 (2) adv. 死一般地e.g. His face was deadly pale. 他的脸死一般地苍白。 非常,极度地e.g. The
8、 air was deadly cold. 空气极度寒冷。 6. cure vt.治愈，治疗消除(弊病等);纠正 e.g. The doctor cured him of his cold. cure sb. of sth. 治好了某人的治好了某人的，纠正了某人的，纠正了某人的医生治好了他的感冒e.g. He cured the child of bad habits. 他纠正了孩子的坏习惯 n.治愈;痊愈 e.g. Theres no known cure for AIDS. 治疗艾滋病尚无良方。 (+for)7. So many thousands of terrified people
9、died every time there was an outbreak.every time 在这里是连词，引导时间状语从在这里是连词，引导时间状语从句，意为句，意为“每次，每当每次，每当”e.g. Every time I meet him, I always think of the things happened between us.每次见到他，我就想起发生在我们之间的事情。每次见到他，我就想起发生在我们之间的事情。每次爆发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死每次爆发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死immediately, the moment, directly, instantly
10、 等等与与 every time一样，都可以用作连词引导时间一样，都可以用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为状语从句，意为 “一一.就就”。e.g. I will give the letter to him immediately I see him.我一见到他就把这封信给他。我一见到他就把这封信给他。I came directly I got your letter.我一接到你的信就来了。我一接到你的信就来了。注意注意: :.The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their me
11、als .第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的体内的 注意此处的suggest表示“暗示，表明”，而非 表示建议，此时从句中不需要用虚拟语气The dentist suggested _（）牙医建议她改天再来。 that she come another day（）她的表情表明她很开心。 Her expression suggested that she was happy absorb.into 吸收e.g. The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into
12、 its own organization. 这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。absorb v. (1)吸收 e.g. Its too hard for me to absorb so many good ideas at once. 对我来说很难一下完全吸收这么多好主对我来说很难一下完全吸收这么多好主意。意。老人全神贯注地读这本书。 e.g. The old man was absorbed in the book. The old man absorbed himself in the book. be absorbed in = absorb on
13、eself in 全神贯注于全神贯注于(2) 吸引；使专心；使全神贯注9. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in 10 days.在两条街道上在两条街道上,霍乱流行的特别厉害，在霍乱流行的特别厉害，在十天之内就死去了五百多人。十天之内就死去了五百多人。severev. (1) strict 严厉的；苛刻的；严格的.e.g. My father was severe with me. 我的父亲对我很严厉。 be severe with/on/u
14、pon 对严格，严厉(2) very serious 剧痛的，剧烈的，严重的 考大学的激烈竞争考大学的激烈竞争e.g. the severe competition for university这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。线索。10. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.The watch is valuable. valuable (1) adj. worth of a lot of money 值钱的，贵重的这表很值钱。这表很值钱。e.g. a valua
15、ble diamond 贵重的钻石。贵重的钻石。(2) adj. having great usefulness or value 有用的,有价值的 e.g.This experience is valuable to/for me. (+for/to)这一经历对我很有用。这一经历对我很有用。 (3) n. (常用复数形式)贵重物品e.g. Cathy kept her valuables in a safe.凯西把她的贵重物品藏在保险箱里凯西把她的贵重物品藏在保险箱里. .valuable / invaluable / valuelessvaluable adj.值钱的，贵重的值钱的，贵重的
16、invaluable adj.无价的，非常贵重的无价的，非常贵重的valueless adj.无价值的;没有用处的 以上三个词在语法填空的词类转换中可能考到，以上三个词在语法填空的词类转换中可能考到，请注意请注意11. It seemed that the water was to blame.看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了。看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了。(1) be+动词不定式，可以表示该做或不该做的 事情，相当于must, should, ought to 等。公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。e.g. You are not to drop litter in the park.
17、(2) blamevt. 责备,指责(sb) be to blame for 应为受到责备e.g. The driver was to blame for the accident.司机应为这次事故承担责任司机应为这次事故承担责任e.g. He blamed you for the neglect of duty. 他责备你怠忽职守。 blame sb. for sth./doing sth.因某事责备某人因某事责备某人短语：短语： 把.归咎(于) e.g. The teacher blamed the mistake on my carelessness. 老师把错误归咎于我的粗心blame
18、 sth. on sb.把把归咎于某人身上归咎于某人身上12. handle C柄,把手 e.g. the handle of the door/ the cup门杯子的把手门杯子的把手 vt. 对待,处理e.g. I didnt know how to handle these people. 我不知道如何对付这些人。 翻译：翻译：这条铁路把西藏这条铁路把西藏(Tibet)和内地和内地(the inland area)连起来了连起来了13. link A to B 把把A与与B连接；联系连接；联系e.g. Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crim
19、e.指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪事实。指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪事实。被动形式：被动形式：A be linked to BThis railway links Tibet to the inland areas.14. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.有了这个特别的证据，约翰有了这个特别的证据，约翰.斯诺就能够肯定斯诺就能够肯定的宣布，这种被污染的水携带病毒。的宣布，这种被污染的水携带病毒。(1) announce vt
20、. 宣布,发布 e.g. They announced that she would give one extra song. 他们宣布说她将再唱一首歌。 The vote was completed. The chairman announced the result. 投票完毕。主席宣布了结果。 announcer announcementn. 播音员n. 宣布,发布 (2) with certainty 有把握地have (no) certainty of (没)有的把握e.g. Can you solve the problem with certainty?翻译：你有把握解决这个问题
21、吗？ Do you have certainty of solving the problem?15. instruct vt. 指示,命令,吩咐e.g. He instructed me to deliver it to a customer. 他吩咐我把东西送去给顾客。 instruct sb. (not) to do sth. 吩咐吩咐/指导指导/命令某人命令某人(不不)做某事做某事 教授;训练;指导 e.g. My job is to instruct you in English. 我的工作是教你们英语。 instruct sb. (in sth.) 教授某人学校科目教授某人学校科目
22、, 传授某人技巧传授某人技巧1.Not _ (暴露暴露)your skin to the sun for too long.2._ you _ (既不既不也不也不) he is right.3. _ (每当每当)I meet him, I always think of the things having happened between us.4. _ (好像好像) she was lying.5. Who is _ (责备责备) for the mistake?6. It _ (暗示暗示) that it was going to rain.7. I suggested that he _
23、 (戒烟戒烟) smoking.exposeNeither nor Every timeIt seemed thatto blame(should) give upsuggested练习翻译下面的句子练习翻译下面的句子: :2. _ in writing the new poem. Jenny even forgot her dinner A. Absorbed B. Absorbing C. having absorbed3. who_ for the pollution of this lake?A.should blame B. is to be blamed C.is blamed D. is to blame4. The reform project _ by Mr. White_ at the meeting now A. put forward; is discussed B. has been put forward; is being discussed C. put forward; is being discussedFinish Exercises on P4preview grammar
