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1、Unit1CulturalrelicsLanguage Points1.survivevi.幸存，生还幸存，生还n.幸存者幸存者survivorn.幸存幸存survivaleg.Thecustomhassurvivedforthousandsofyears.vt.从从中逃生中逃生,经历经历后继续存在后继续存在eg.Onlytwopeoplesurvivedthefire.Ex.Two-thirdsofthepeoplesurvivedtheearthquake. Is it enough to have survived for a long time?survive vi.幸存；生存；生幸存
2、；生存；生还eg.昨天他遭遇了车祸，但幸运的是他活了下来。A car accident happened to him yesterday, but luckily, he survived.短语：survive on.靠.生存 survive from. 从中留存下来eg.许多奇怪的多奇怪的风俗从古代留存了下来。俗从古代留存了下来。Many strange customs have survived from earlier times. vt. 经历后依然存在着；幸免于 其宾语一般是表示事故、战争、疾病或灾难的名词e.g 这个六岁的女孩在地震中幸存了下来。The six-year-old
3、girl survived earthquake.survivor n. 生还者，幸存者 survival u幸存，c残存物Exercise:用survive的正确形式填空1. Only four passengers_ that ship accident.2. How many _ have been sent to hospital?3. His _ on such an island surprised all the people.2.remainvi.留下，剩下，残留留下，剩下，残留系动词系动词.保持，仍然，继续保持，仍然，继续Iwenttothecity,butmybrother
4、remainedathome.vi.Heremainedsilent.系动系动.PeterbecameajudgebutJohnremainedafisherman.系动系动Howmanyweekswillyouremainhere?vi.3.belongto属属于于，是是的的成成员员,是是的的组组成部分成部分,是是的属性的属性,职能等职能等eg.Putitbacktowhich/whereitbelongsafteryouhavereadit.belongto不用于不用于被动语态被动语态和和进行时态进行时态Thecomputerisbelongingtomysister.Thecompute
5、risbelongedtomysister.Thecomputerisbelongtomysister.Thecomputerbelongstomysister. However, the next king of Prussia,Frederick William I, to whom the amber room belonged decided not to keep it.belong vi. 属于;为的一员belong to 属于 注：to是介词；此短语不能用于现在进行时和被动语态e.g 这辆车是我爸爸的。The car belongs to my dad.belongings n.
6、 （个人的）财产；所有物;随身携带物belong和介词in, under和with连用时，意思是“适合；应归于；跟.有同样的地位.Exercise:1. Im not sure whether he was the key that _ the door of the classroom.A. had belonged to B. belonging to C. belongs to D. is belonged to2. He took up my cellphone and made a long distance call as if the phone _ him.A. belonge
7、d to B. was belonging to C. was belonged to D. had been belonged to单句改错I dont know whom this computer belongs.I havent seen the buildings belonged to you.4.furniture家家具具中中各各种种可可移移动动的的家家具具的总称的总称u不不论论受受什什么么修修饰饰，前前面面不不能能加加不不定定冠冠词词a，也不能用复数，也不能用复数一件家具一件家具apieceoffurniture许多家具许多家具piecesoffurniture/muchfur
8、niture5.couldneverhaveimaginedthat情情态态动动词词(could/might/must/should)+havedone表表示示对过去发生的事情的推测，批评，反悔等意思对过去发生的事情的推测，批评，反悔等意思eg.Thegroundiswet,itmusthaverainedlastnight.Youshouldhavetoldusearlier.Whatshallwedonow?can/could+havedone常常用用于于疑疑问问句句和和否否定定句句中中，表表示示对对过过去去发发生生的的事事情情的的有有把把握握的的推推测测,表表“肯肯定定不不”eg.Hec
9、ouldnthavegoneabroad,asIsawhimjustnow.could/can+havedone也也可可以以表表示示“本本来来（过过去去）可以做到，但实际并没有做到可以做到，但实际并没有做到”之意之意eg.Youcouldhavepassedtheexam.你本来考试是可以通过的你本来考试是可以通过的.needthavedone本不需要做却做了本不需要做却做了should(not)havedone本（不）本（不）应该做，却（没）做，却（没）做了做了would(not)havedone本来（不）会做本来（不）会做may/mighthavedone也也许做做过；本可以做；本可以做m
10、ay/mightnothavedone本来可能不做本来可能不做couldhavedone可能已可能已经做做过；本可以做；本可以做musthavedone表示表示对过去情况的肯定推去情况的肯定推测cant/couldnthavedone对过去情况的否定推去情况的否定推测6.theroomwascompletedthewayshewantedit.thewayshewantedit是是方方式式状状语语从从句句,theway的的用法与连词相同用法与连词相同,后面常带后面常带thatinaway,intheway也有类似的用法也有类似的用法shewantedit是是定定语语从从句句修修饰饰theway
11、,后后面面的的关关系代词可用系代词可用that/inwhich/-Ex.她以我喜欢的方式烹调鸡肉。她以我喜欢的方式烹调鸡肉。ShecookschickeninthewayIlike.8.amazevt. 使吃惊；惊讶使吃惊；惊讶e.g他在英他在英语方面取得了很大的方面取得了很大的进步，步，这让我很吃惊。我很吃惊。HemadegreatprogressinEnglish,whichamazedme.amazed感到吃惊的，多用于修感到吃惊的，多用于修饰人人amazing令人吃惊的，多用来修令人吃惊的，多用来修饰事物事物amazementn.惊奇；惊奇；诧异异toonesamazement令某人惊
12、令某人惊讶的是的是inamazement惊奇的惊奇的toonesamazement/surprise另人吃惊的是另人吃惊的是eg.他他们惊惊讶地看着我地看着我Theylookedatmeinamazement.Exercise:1. We _ the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me?A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced 2. We _ have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be wit
13、h us for dinner.A. may not B. neednt C. cant D. mustnt3. 用amaze的正确形式填空It _ me that he always finishes his work in a short time. He is well-known for his working at an _ speed.amazedamazing9.Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow-browncolourlikehoney.selectvt.挑挑选；精；精选selectsb.todosth挑挑选某人做某事某人做某
14、事selectAas/tobeB挑挑选A作作为Beg.Thebossselectedhimtofinishtheproject. WeselectedRoseas/tobeourmonitor.派生派生词：selectionn.挑挑选，选拔拔selectiveadj.选择的，的，选择性的性的辨析select, choose, elect, pick outselect 指在同类的许多东西中，进行有斟酌的精选，强调以客观标准进行选择，侧重于进行选择时的挑剔态度choose 是最普通的用语，侧重凭个人的意志或判断力在一些人、物或行为方式中选出一个elect 多指选举或用其他方法推选人，有时也指”决
15、定（做某事，尤指做出某种选择）”，这种选择通常是深思熟虑后作出的决定。pick out 指从个人角度在众多人或物中进行挑选，通常用于不需要认真权衡，只需对此就能作出决定的场合。Exercise：1. She became the first black woman to be _ to the Senate.A. selcted B. elected C chosen D. picked out2. Four skiers will be _ to represent each country.A. elected B. picked out C. selected D. voted10.Th
16、edesignoftheroomwasinthefancystylepopularinthosedays.(1)designn.设计；图案；构思；意案；构思；意图makedesignfor为设计/规划划bydesign=onpurpose故意地故意地e.gYoushouldmakedesignforyourfuture.v.设计；计划；构思划；构思designern.设计师bedesignedfor为而打算而打算/设计bedesignedtodo目的是做目的是做e.g这个个项目目的是帮助老人目目的是帮助老人Thisprojectisdesignedtohelpoldpeople.(2)fanc
17、yadj.奇特的，异样的奇特的，异样的v.想象；设想（用法与想象；设想（用法与imagine一样）；以为；喜欢一样）；以为；喜欢n.幻想；爱好；迷恋幻想；爱好；迷恋eg.Bothofthemlikefancyclothes.fancy(sb.)doingsth.设想想/喜喜欢(某人某人)做某事做某事fancythat+从句从句想象想象/以以为.eg.Ifancywalkingintherain.haveafancyfor.迷恋迷恋；喜；喜欢eg.Ihaveafancyforicecream.Exercise:1.Thereferecebooksaremainly_collegestudents
18、.A.designedforB.designedtoC.designedofD.designingfor2.完成句子完成句子(1)多么奇特的多么奇特的动物物Whata_!(2)我想象不出他我想象不出他长得什么得什么样子？子？Icant_heislike.(3)你能想象她竟你能想象她竟说出那出那样的的话来来吗？Canyou_athinglikethat?fancyanimalfancywhatfancy hersaying7. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the countrys best a
19、rtist about ten years to make.decoratevt. 装装饰；装修；装修decorateAwithB用用B装装饰Abedecoratedwith.用用.来装来装饰e.gWedecoratetheChristmastreewithflowers.授予（某人）殊荣授予（某人）殊荣bedecoratedfor因因而而获得殊荣得殊荣e.gHewasdecoratedforfightingagainstenemybravely.派生派生词：decorationn装装饰品；品；奖章章decorativeadj.装装饰的；作装的；作装饰用的用的decoratorn.装装饰者者E
20、xercise:用用decorate的适当形式填空的适当形式填空1.Whenwilltheyfinishthe_ofthebathroom?2.Look,myfriend.Thecolouredlightsarevery_.完成句子完成句子1.Theroom_(被被.装装饰）freshflowers。2.Thesoldier_(被授予被授予奖章章)forhiscontributiontothecountry.is/was decoratedwithwasdecorateddecorationdecorativeExercise:1. In the 1930s, the two countrie
21、s were at_ war, and his father was fighting at _front.A. the;/ B. /;the C. the; the D. /;/2. When I arrived in the country, it was _ another country.A. in war with B. at war with C. in war D. at war11. Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russian were able to remove some furniture an
22、d small art objects from the Amber Room.removevt.搬开；去掉；消除；免搬开；去掉；消除；免职常与常与“from连用用remove.from把把.移开移开removefrom.to.从从.搬到搬到.removesb.fromschool开除，勒令某人退学开除，勒令某人退学e.g 如果你再迟到的话，你将被学校开除。If you are late again , youll be removed from school.13. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for K
23、onigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.doubtn./v.怀疑；疑惑疑；疑惑n.常与常与of或或about连用，表示用，表示“对的的怀疑疑”eg.我有些我有些怀疑他的疑他的诚实。Ihavesomedoubtsabouthishonesty.Thereis/wasnodoubtthat毫无疑毫无疑问，eg.毫无疑毫无疑问，他是我，他是我们班最班最优秀的学生。秀的学生。Thereisnodoubtthatheisthebeststudentinourclass.doubt vt.1.doubt被否定被否定
24、时，其后的，其后的宾语从句用从句用that引引导。eg.我我们并不并不怀疑他能把疑他能把这事做得很好。事做得很好。Wedontdoubtthathecandoagoodjob.2.若若doubt是肯定形式是肯定形式时，其后的，其后的宾语从句用从句用if或或whether引引导。e.g我我怀疑他疑他们能否按能否按时来。来。Idoubtif/whethertheywillcomeontime.(3)派生派生词：doubtfuladj.令人生疑的；不确定的令人生疑的；不确定的doubtlessadj.无疑的；确定的；必定的无疑的；确定的；必定的Exercise:填空：填空：1.Thereisnodo
25、ubt_youwillbepunishedifyouarecaught_intheexam.2.Thereisstillsomedoubt_heisthebestmanforthejob.3.Doyoudoubt_hewillwin?4._thatonedayacureforcancerwillbefoundbyscientists.thatcheatingwhetherthatThereisnodoubtthat7.consider(P5)consider（认为，以为）（认为，以为）sb.(sth.)+adj./n.sb.(sth.)+tobesb.(sth.)+as/that-clause
26、consider（考虑）（考虑）+n./doingsth.+疑问词疑问词+todosth.consideras.=thinkof.aslookon(upon).as.把把当作当作takeas.regard.as.Ex. Abraham Lincoln is generally considered_thegreatestpresidentofAmerica.A.tobeB.asC./D.Alloftheabove.8.prove(P5)v.证明，证实证明，证实prove(vt.)+从句从句证明证明n.(pron.)prove(link-v)+n.adj.证明是证明是tobe+adj.eg.Ei
27、nsteinstheoryproved(tobe)correct.Wehaveprovedourcourageinbattle.我们在战斗中证实了自己的勇气。我们在战斗中证实了自己的勇气。Ex.PremierZhou_tobeunfortgettableintheheartsoftheChinesepeople.A.provedB.regardedC.thoughtD.considered14. Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijng?worthn.
28、价价值；作用；作用(=value)prep.值得的；相当于得的；相当于的价的价值beworth+名名词/代代词(当名当名词为金金钱时,表示表示“值钱”）eg.这幅画幅画值500美元。美元。Thepictureisworth$500.sth.+beworthdoing某事某事值得被做（主得被做（主动表被表被动）worth前面可用前面可用well,really,certainly等等词修修饰，不能用，不能用verye.g这部部电影影值得一看。得一看。Thismovieisworthseeing.这个个问题不不值得得讨论。Thequestionisnotworthdiscussing.worthn.
29、价价值；作用；作用(=value)eg.这一研究一研究项目很有价目很有价值。Thisresearchprojectisofgreatworth.布莱克先生是个重要的人。布莱克先生是个重要的人。MrBlackisamanofworth.考点延伸：考点延伸：worthy表示表示“值得的得的”，构成短，构成短语beworthyofsth,beworthyofdoingsth,beworthytodosth.若若该不定式或不定式或动名名词要表示被要表示被动意意义，则应用被用被动形式。形式。eg.中国人中国人为世界世界经济所做的一切所做的一切值得得赞扬。WhattheChinesehavedonefor
30、theworldeconomyisworthyofpraise.Exercise:填空：填空：1.Theexhibitioniswellworth_(visit)andyoucanseefancyvasesofdifferentdynastiesonshowthere.2.Thebookisworth_(read).3.-HowdoyoufindtheBritishMuseum?-Great!Its_(good)worth_(visit).visitingreadingwellvisiting15. The old man saw some Germans taking apart the A
31、mber Room and removing it.takeapart拆卸；拆开拆卸；拆开（若（若为代代词，放在，放在take与与apart之之间）e.g这个男孩把玩具汽个男孩把玩具汽车拆开了。拆开了。Theboytookapartthetoycar.apartadv.分离地；分分离地；分别地地tell/know.apart区区别；辨；辨认liveapart分开住分开住fallapart崩崩溃；土崩瓦解；解散；土崩瓦解；解散apartfrom除了（除了（=besides)Exercise：填空：1.Youdbetternot_theradio,oryoullnotbeabletoputitba
32、cktogetheragain.2.你能帮我拆开你能帮我拆开这台机器台机器吗？Canyouhelpme_thismachine?3.他他们看起来一看起来一样，因此很，因此很难把他把他们区分开来。区分开来。Theylookthesame,soitshardto_.take aparttakeaparttakethemapart17. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitness to believe and which not to believe.trialn. 审讯；审判；判；试验常常见搭配：搭配：ontrial在在审讯中；在中；在试验中中
33、bytrialanderror反复反复试验；在失；在失败中找出解中找出解决方法决方法e.g他通他通过反复反复试验获得了成功。得了成功。Hesucceededbytrialanderror.18. In April 1945 I heard something explode at midnight.explodev.爆炸；爆破；爆裂爆炸；爆破；爆裂(可指气球、炸可指气球、炸弹、鞭炮等的爆炸、鞭炮等的爆炸)e.g那个爆竹在他手里爆炸了。那个爆竹在他手里爆炸了。Thefirecrackerexplodedinhishand.(指感情）迸指感情）迸发，常与介，常与介词with,in,into连用用e
34、xplodewithlaughter哄然大笑哄然大笑explodewithanger勃然大怒勃然大怒注：注：explode无被无被动语态。explosionn.爆炸（声）；迸爆炸（声）；迸发explosiveadj.爆炸性的；易爆的；暴躁的；猛增的爆炸性的；易爆的；暴躁的；猛增的Exercise:填空：The density（密度) of the star has become so great that it may _ sometime.完成句子1. 炸弹爆炸了，许多人受了伤。The bomb _ and many people were _.2. 老板听到这个消息时勃然大怒。When t
35、he boss heard the news, he _ _ _.explodeexplodedinjuredexplodedwithanger19. On the voyage, the ship_ and sank.sink vi. 下沉；沉下 过去式：sank 过去分词： sunkeg. 夕阳西下。 The sun was sinking in the west.考点延伸：sink 还有“情绪低沉下来”“倒下来” “下降” “变弱”等含义。eg. 听到这个消息时，他们的情绪低沉下来。When they heard the news, their spirits sank.Exercise
36、:填空：1. Fred entered without knocking at the door and, very out of breath, sank _ a chair.2. Wood does not _ in water.intosink20. I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room.thinkhighlyof看重；器重；看重；器重；对评价很高价很高/赞赏=thinkmuch/well/alotofe.g他很器重他女儿。他很器重他女儿。Hethinkshighly/alot/wellofhisdaug
37、hter.注：用于被注：用于被动时，副，副词要提到要提到动词前。前。eg.他被他的老板高度他被他的老板高度赞扬。Hewashighlythoughtofbyhisboss.thinklittle/poorly/badly/nothing/lowlyof不器重不器重;不重不重视e.g所有的游客所有的游客对她的服她的服务评价不高。价不高。Allvisitorsthoughtlittle/poor/lowlyofherservice.Exercise:填空：1. Popular musc is well _ by most young people.2. He was _ by his studen
38、ts though he himself didnt think he had done anything special.3. -Many of us have a _ opinion of him. - But he is _ _ thought of by the leaders.4. Although he was disabled, he aimed _, for which his classmates thought _ of him. thought ofhighly thought of bad highlyhighhighly21. Nor do I think they
39、should give it to any government.nor用于句首用于句首时，句子要部分倒装。，句子要部分倒装。eg.他他们没有没有责备约翰，我翰，我们也没有。也没有。TheyhaventblamedJohn,norhavewe.考点延伸：考点延伸：具有否定意具有否定意义的副的副词以及含有否定以及含有否定词的介的介词短短语、连词、固定搭配放在句首固定搭配放在句首时，主句需部分倒装，即把助，主句需部分倒装，即把助动词、情情态动词、be动词提到主提到主语的前面。常的前面。常见的的这类否定否定词或否定或否定词组有：有：nor,never,seldom,little,hardly,sca
40、rcely,neither,innoway,bynomeans等。等。eg.他从未去他从未去过美国和加拿大。美国和加拿大。NeverhashebeentotheUSAandCanada.Exercise:填空：1. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor _ (give) it a thought.2. This is not my story, nor _ the whole story. My story plays out differently.3. Never before _ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.4. -I didnt read the notice. -Nor _.will he giveis ithas shedid I22. Tips for an informal class debate.debaten.辩论；讨论vt.争争论；辩论常常见搭配：搭配：have/holdadebate举行一次行一次辩论underdebate在在辩论中中thedebateon.关于关于的的辩论alively/heateddebate一一场活活跃的的/激烈的激烈的辩论
