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1、短文改错解题指导短文改错解题指导短文改错的特点短文改错的特点1、在语篇中考查学生对词汇、语法、修辞等要素的掌握情况；2、从词汇、句子和篇章结构等层次上考查学生对语言的观察、理解、评判、运用和反思的能力。短文改错试题命题趋势短文改错试题命题趋势1.与语法规则有关的选项将减与语法规则有关的选项将减少少;2.淡化固定短语与结构的机械淡化固定短语与结构的机械性记忆性记忆;3.增加需要从语篇的高度关照增加需要从语篇的高度关照上下文的评判能力的因素。上下文的评判能力的因素。第二卷第二卷 短文改错（共短文改错（共10小题：每小题小题：每小题1分，满分分，满分10分）分）第一节：短文改错（共第一节：短文改错（
2、共10小题；每小题小题；每小题1分，满分分，满分10分）分）下面短文中有下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加.删除或删除或修改某个单词。修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ ），并在其下面写），并在其下面写上该加的词。上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。的词。注意：注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改只允许修改10处，多者（从第
3、处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。处起）不计分。例如：例如：It was very nice to get your invitation to spend weekend with you. Luckily I the wascompletely free then, so Ill to say “yes”. Ill arrive in Bristol at aroundam 8p.m. in Friday evening. onThis morning I got up early and went to school as usually ,only find there was nobo
4、dy in the classroom because it is Sunday .How a bad memory I have ! I couldnt help laughing .Stand in front of the school gate ,I began to wonder what to do next .Suddenly a good idea occurs to me .Why not get together with some good friends for a picnic in such a fine weather ?I immediately telepho
5、ned some of my best friends ,but they all agreed to come join me .About two hours late ,we finally arrived a pleasant park with trees and flowers here and there .We really enjoyed us hugely .usualtoWhatStandingoccurredandlateratourselves 内容年份名词名词冠词冠词代词代词连词连词 介词介词形容词形容词/副词副词动词动词2009111311120101011114
6、201101111142012102112320132101213错误的设置错误的设置1.名词名词a.And when I saw your wife and a.And when I saw your wife and children waiting for me with warm children waiting for me with warm smile of welcome on their face ,I smile of welcome on their face ,I immediately knew that everything immediately knew tha
7、t everything would be all right. would be all right. _ b. There are advantage for students b. There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.to work while studying at school. _c. He collected some informations c. He collected some informations about computers.about computers. _smi
8、lesadvantagesinformation单句改错的几个方面单句改错的几个方面 名词的单复数、名词的单复数、所属格所属格1.名词名词2.代词代词a.The Smiths did his best to a.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.make me feel at home. _theirb. He is sitting between b. He is sitting between you and I.you and I. _mec. Tom and Bob all needed some new clothes.
9、_both单句改错的几个方面单句改错的几个方面 代词的种类（代词的种类（人称、人称、物主、反身、指示、相物主、反身、指示、相互、不定、疑问、连接、互、不定、疑问、连接、关系关系）、呼应、数）、呼应、数域。域。1.名词名词2.代词代词3.冠词冠词 a. I was a high school student a. I was a high school student then , from low-income family.then , from low-income family. _ _ ab. Today I visited the Smiths-my b. Today I visit
10、ed the Smiths-my first visit to a American family.first visit to a American family. _ _c. I decided to climb the tree to c. I decided to climb the tree to see where we were, but it was no see where we were, but it was no use . use . _ana a单句改错的几个方面单句改错的几个方面 冠词的种类、习冠词的种类、习惯用法、泛指、惯用法、泛指、类指和特指。类指和特指。1.
11、名词名词2.代词代词3.冠词冠词 4.介词介词a. Bill insisted in staying near the car. _onb. In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year. _inc. She married with a man with a lot of money. _withd. When I have free time I go a long walk. _for单句改错的几个方面单句改错的几个方面 介词的习惯用介词的习惯用法、介宾的形法、介宾的形式。式。 1.名词名词2.代词代词3.冠词冠词 4.介词
12、介词5.动词动词a. Hello, I learn about you from my English teacher, Miss Fang. _learntc. I remembered her words and calm down. I did a good job and won the first prize. _calmedb. When I got home , I found that my house had broken into. _ beend. In front of my house stand a tall tree. _standse. She smiled a
13、nd nodding her head. _ nodded单句改错的几个方面单句改错的几个方面 动词的时态、语动词的时态、语态、语气、主谓态、语气、主谓一致、习惯用法。一致、习惯用法。1.名词名词2.代词代词3.冠词冠词 4.介词介词5.动词动词6.形容词形容词/ 副词副词a. Who works the most careful inyour class? _carefullyb. This book isnt as cheaper as that one . _cheapc.The bad meat smells terribly. _ terribled.The hard you wor
14、k, the greater progress youll make . _hardere. The Huanghe River is the second longer river in China . _longest单句改错的几个方面单句改错的几个方面 形容词的习惯用形容词的习惯用法、比较等级、法、比较等级、句子成分。句子成分。1.名词名词2.代词代词3.冠词冠词 4.介词介词5.动词动词6.形容词形容词/副词副词7.连词连词a. She is smiling at me but nodding at me . _andb. Though he works hard , but he d
15、idnt pass the exam. _butc. I liked the coat, and it was more than I would like to pay. _单句改错的几个方面单句改错的几个方面 but连词的种类（并连词的种类（并列连词、从属连列连词、从属连词）、用法、行词）、用法、行文逻辑。文逻辑。1.名词名词2.代词代词3.冠词冠词 4.介词介词5.动词动词6.形容词形容词/ 副词副词 7.连词连词a. I had always wanted return to the village after moving away. _toc. The boss makes the
16、m to work twelve hours a day. _to8.非谓语非谓语动词动词b.I want to thank you again for have me in your home for the summer holiday. _havingd. Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit. _Playing单句改错的几个方面单句改错的几个方面 动名词、分词、动名词、分词、不定式的句法功不定式的句法功能
17、、位置等。能、位置等。1.名词名词2.代词代词3.冠词冠词 4.介词介词5.动词动词6.形容词形容词/副词副词7.连词连词8.非谓非谓语动词语动词9.句子结构句子结构a. In the last five years that they have climbed churches. _ thatb. Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill. _ifc. There are still some countries there people have shorter
18、 lives. _whered. I live in Beijing , where is the capital of China. _which单句改错的几个方面单句改错的几个方面 按句法结构分按句法结构分：简单句、并列句、简单句、并列句、复合句；复合句；按交际功能分按交际功能分：陈述句、疑问句、陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句祈使句、感叹句解题方法解题方法抓住词汇、语法、语篇三要素；1.通读全文通读全文,掌握大意掌握大意;2.整句理解整句理解,逐行分析逐行分析;3.复读全文复读全文,验证答案。验证答案。第二卷第二卷 短文改错（共短文改错（共10小题：每小题小题：每小题1分，满分分，满分10
19、分）分）第一节：短文改错（共第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题小题；每小题1分，满分分，满分10分）分）下面短文中有下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加.删除或删除或修改某个单词。修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ ），并在其下面写），并在其下面写上该加的词。上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。的词。注意：注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；每处错误及其修改均仅限一词
20、； 2.只允许修改只允许修改10处，多者（从第处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。处起）不计分。例如：例如：It was very nice to get your invitation to spend weekend with you. Luckily I the wascompletely free then, so Ill to say “yes”. Ill arrive in Bristol at around am 8p.m. in Friday evening. onWhen the news that she has failed in the English speech con
21、test came ,Wang Yu ,a top student in our class suddenly burst into tear in front of me .Wang Yu is hard-working girl who always wants to be successfully in everything ,which ,of course ,is impossible .To comfort her ,I advised her go for a walk with me .While we were walking side to side on the play
22、ground ,I said ,I know you are in low spirits but a wise man who knows he should give up something at the right time .The truth is what our life cannot be perfect .Say no to perfection or you ll feel well about yourself .goodhadasuccessfultobythattearsand备考方案备考方案Rome was not built in a day.1.积累词汇搭配习
23、惯用法积累词汇搭配习惯用法;2.强化语法强化语法,夯实基础夯实基础;3.收集自己的错题收集自己的错题;4.回归语篇回归语篇,整体推进。整体推进。My summer travel started terribly. I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou. I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday. I bought my ticket but turned around to
24、pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it. Luckily I had all my Money on my pocket, but the only clothes I had was those I had on. It felt very strange to travel without any luggages. When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes. I feel very ha
25、ppy that I could change my clothes at last. buyingthereaand in wereluggagefriend sfeltI was playing at my cousin house. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one on particular Id always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasnt looking. I guessed, even at that
26、age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced my cousin again; I would always know Id done something wrong. Late on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back. She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.cousinsricherinit/that faceLaterknewneverslowly
