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1、专题十四宾语从句专题十四宾语从句2019 2019 全新版全新版(6年6考；单项填空)分析广东近6年中考真题可知，宾语从句是单项填空的必考点之一(共1分)，主要考查宾语从句的时态、语序及引导词。近6年考查形式主要有以下几个方面：1. 引导词(2018广东中考)2. 时态语序(2017广东中考)3. 引导词语序(2016、2014、2013广东中考)4. 引导词时态(2015广东中考)目目 录录 CONTENTSCONTENTS考点精讲易错盘点解题技巧试题精练1. 作动词的宾语。如：I know (that) she has returned. 我知道她已经回来了。考点精讲考点 宾语从句的用法在
2、复合句中充当宾语的句子被称为宾语从句。宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句子中起名词作用，相当于一个名词词组。主要考查三要素：引导词、语序和时态。2. 作形容词或过去分词的宾语。常见的形容词或过去分词有：glad, certain, sure, happy, afraid, satisfied, pleased, surprised, disappointed等。 如：Im afraid (that) you dont understand what I said. 恐怕你没理解我说的话。3. 作介词的宾语。如：I was rather angry at what he said. 我对他说的话相当生
3、气。1. 陈述句的引导词用thatthat：无意义，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，口语中可省略。如：He said (that) Kate was good at swimming. 他说凯特擅长游泳。考点 宾语从句的引导词2. 一般疑问句的引导词用if/whetherif/whether: 意思为“是否”，不充当句子成分，但不可省略。一般if和whether两者可以互换，但有or not时只用whether，一般不用if。如：I dont know if/whether you can help me. 我不知道你是否可以帮我。I dont know whether or not he wi
4、ll come. 我不知道他是否会来。3. 特殊疑问句的引导词用疑问代词/副词疑问代词：who, whom, what, whoever, whatever, whose, which, 这些词有词义，且充当从句中的主语、宾语、表语或定语。如：I dont know what they are talking about. 我不知道他们在谈论什么。(宾语)She cant decide which bag she should buy. 她不能确定该买哪个包。(定语)疑问副词：where, when, why, how, 这些词有词义，且充当从句中的状语。如：I will tell you w
5、hy I asked you to come. 我将告诉你为什么叫你来。(原因状语)My mom wants to know when I can finish my homework. 我妈妈想知道我什么时候能完成作业。(时间状语)考点 宾语从句的语序1. 主句是现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相应的时态。如：I think he has finished his homework. 我觉得他已经完成他的作业了。2. 主句是过去时，从句用过去的某种时态。如：Kate said that she was shopping at this time yesterday. 凯特说昨天的这个时候她正在购
6、物。考点 宾语从句的时态3. 当从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。如如：Yesterday Miss Li said that water boils at 100. 昨天李老师说水的沸点是100。注意 (1)有些疑问词作句子主语，问句本身是陈述语序，在变成宾语从句时，语序无变化。如：Do you know what is happening over there? 你知道那边正发生什么事吗？(2)Whats wrong/Whats the matter with.? 在宾语从句中语序不变。如：I want to know whats wron
7、g with you. 我想知道你怎么了。(3)宾语从句的简化：当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同， 且主句的谓语动词是know, remember, ask, tell, show, teach等时，从句可简化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如：She doesnt know when she should go there. She doesnt know when to go there. 她不知道什么时候去那里。(4)注意当主句的主语是第一人称，且谓语动词是think, believe, suppose等时，如果宾语从句表示否定意义，否定词要移到主句的谓语动词之前。如：I dont think
8、you are right. 我认为你是不对的。()1. (2018广东)Could you tell me _ youd like me to pay you?Youd better use mobile payment. I dont care _ it is Alipay or WeChat Pay.Ahow; whether Bhow; whyCwhat; whether Dwhat; whyA()2. (2017广东)Do you know _ yesterday?Yes. He went for the boat race.Awhy didnt Peter go to school
9、Bwhy doesnt Peter go to schoolCwhy Peter didnt go to schoolDwhy Peter doesnt go to schoolC()3. (2016 广东)I wonder _.It will fall on a Saturday.Ahow will the National Day fall on this yearBhow the National Day will fall on this yearCwhat day will the National Day fall on this yearDwhat day the Nationa
10、l Day will fall on this yearD()4. (2015 广东)David asked _ in China.Of course not. Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a greeting.Awhy he can greet a lady by kissing herBwhy he could greet a lady by kissing herCwhether he can greet a lady by kissing herDwhether he could greet a lady by kissing
11、herD()5. (2014 广东)Do you know _？8,844.43 meters. Its a popular place with mountain climbers.Ahow high is Mount QomolangmaBhow long is Mount Qomolangma Chow high Mount Qomolangma isDhow long Mount Qomolangma isC()6. (2013 广东)Have you asked the policeman _？Yes. He told us to turn left onto Main Street
12、. Its on the right.Aif there is a bank near hereBhow can we get to the nearest bankCwhere can we find a bankDwhen we can go to the nearest bankA()7. (2018梅州市模拟)Do you know _？At 8：00 am.Awhere the library is Bwhen does the library open every day Cwhen the library opens every dayDwhere is the libraryC
13、()8. (2018汕头市潮南区模拟)Excuse me, could you please tell me _？Sorry, I am new here.Awhere the bookstore was Bhow can I go to the bookstore Chow to get to the bookstoreDhow far is the bookstoreC()9. (2018惠州市惠东中学模拟)Can you tell me _？Sure. He lives on Center Street.Awhere does he live Bwhere he livesCwhy he
14、 lives there Dwhat does he doB()10. (2018江门市江海区模拟)I want to know _.Because I had a small accident on my way to school. Awhy were you late againBwhy you were late again Cwhat you did on your way to schoolDwhat did you do on your way to schoolB()11. (2018汕头市龙湖区模拟)Why did Miss Li look so worried when w
15、e saw her? Because she wondered_. Awhere did the other students goBwhen would the policeman come Cwhat her students have done during the trip Dif her son had survived the earthquake D()12. (2018湛江二中模拟)We should think about _ to our environment before doing something.I couldnt agree more.Awhat will i
16、t do Bhow will it do Cwhat it will do Dhow it will doC注意当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose等，且主句的主语是第一人称时，从句中的否定词通常要前移。()13. I _ the first prize.Abelieve I didnt getBdont believe I gotCbelieve didnt I get Ddont I believe get易错盘点易错点 宾语从句的否定转移 B()14. I _ from the Mars (火星)Adont think he comesBthink he do
17、esnt comeCthink he wont comeDdidnt think he comeA注意宾语从句要用陈述语序，但若引导词是特殊疑问词且在从句中作主语时，语序不变。()15. Do you know _？Yes, he has a bad cold.Awhat is he the matter withBwhat he is the matter withCwhats the matter with himDwhat he was the matter with易错点 宾语从句的语序 C先用语序判断(陈述语序)再用时态求证最后用引导词的意思决定。例Mr.Jackson hasnt decided _ this weekend.Awhere he will have a picnicBwhere will he have a picnicCwhere he had a picnicDwhere did he have a picnic解题技巧技巧排除法A方法点拨宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以排除B、D，又根据时间状语“this weekend”和句意“还没决定这个周末去哪里野餐”，可以排除C，因此答案为A。谢谢观看谢谢观看ExitExit
