人教版高中英语必修1unit5课文知识点详解课件

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1、基础落实基础落实.高频单词思忆高频单词思忆1.Whatever happens,we will not use 1.Whatever happens,we will not use v v . . We should settle things in a peaceful way. We should settle things in a peaceful way.2.Women are fighting for 2.Women are fighting for e e pay with the pay with the men because they do the same job. me

2、n because they do the same job.3.The majority of people 3.The majority of people v v for Ben for Ben because they wanted him to be their leader. because they wanted him to be their leader.iolenceiolencequalqualotedotedUnit 5 Nelson MandelaUnit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern a modern hero hero4.Although he

3、 is old,he is still 4.Although he is old,he is still a a in in public affairs. public affairs.5.Most children in cities are better e5.Most children in cities are better e than those in the countryside. than those in the countryside.6.A 6.A s s person always thinks about person always thinks about hi

4、mself. himself.7.They have agreed to the proposal in7.They have agreed to the proposal in ( (原则上原则上) but we still have to ) but we still have to negotiate the details. negotiate the details. 8.The orchestra were all in 8.The orchestra were all in ( (就位就位),), waiting for the conductor. waiting for th

5、e conductor.ctivectiveducatedducatedelfishelfishprincipleprinciplepositionposition9.They 9.They ( (奖励奖励) the winners with ) the winners with gifts of fruits and flowers. gifts of fruits and flowers.10.The public pay more attention to the 10.The public pay more attention to the ( (质量质量) of milk after

6、 the Sanlu ) of milk after the Sanlu tainted milk case. tainted milk case.rewardedrewardedqualityquality.重点短语再现重点短语再现1.1. 在在方面积极方面积极2.2. 献身于；专心于献身于；专心于3.3. 失业失业4.4. 投票支持某人投票支持某人5.5. 事实上事实上6.6. 处在困境中处在困境中7.7. 求助于；致力于求助于；致力于8.8. 丧失勇气或信心丧失勇气或信心9.9. 从从逃走逃走10.10. 设立；建立设立；建立be active inbe active indevote

7、todevote toout of workout of workvote for sb.vote for sb.as a matter of factas a matter of factin troublein troubleturn toturn tolose heartlose heartescape fromescape fromset upset up2.we were put into a position in which we 2.we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less

8、 important, had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. or fight the government.我们被置于这样我们被置于这样 一个境地：要么被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么一个境地：要么被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么 同政府作斗争。同政府作斗争。 either.or.either.or.在此句中连接两个并列在此句中连接两个并列 的不定式短语的不定式短语to accept.to accept.和（和（toto） fight.;fight.; either.or. either.or.意为

9、意为“ ”，是并列连词，常用来连接，是并列连词，常用来连接 并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语或状语，也可连并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语或状语，也可连 接并列的分句。接并列的分句。考点提炼考点提炼或是或是或是或是，不是不是就就是是either.or.either.or.所表达的意义是所表达的意义是“二选一二选一”，不能，不能全选，也不能一个不选；要表示全选，则用全选，也不能一个不选；要表示全选，则用 ( (既既又又) )，要表示两个都不，要表示两个都不选，则用选，则用 ( (两者都不两者都不) )。3.The reason why I got a job was because of 3.The r

10、eason why I got a job was because of my hard work. my hard work.我得到工作是因为我工作努力。我得到工作是因为我工作努力。 The reason why.is that.The reason why.is that.是个固是个固 定句型，定句型，whywhy引导引导 从句。从句。isis后一般为后一般为thatthat引导引导 的的 从句。从句。both.and.both.and.neither.nor.neither.nor.考点提炼考点提炼定语定语表语表语4.He said they should not be stopped

11、from 4.He said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees. studying for their degrees.他说他们不该被剥他说他们不该被剥 夺为获得学位而学习的权利。夺为获得学位而学习的权利。 本句中包含本句中包含“stop.from doingstop.from doing”结结 构，意为构，意为“ ”。类似的结构还有。类似的结构还有 “ .from doing.from doing”。考点提炼考点提炼阻止阻止干某事干某事prevent/keepprevent/keep5.They were n

12、ot cleverer than me,but they did 5.They were not cleverer than me,but they did pass their exams. pass their exams.他们并不比我更聪明，却通过他们并不比我更聪明，却通过 了考试。了考试。 本句中本句中not cleverer thannot cleverer than意为意为 “ ”，属于，属于“not+not+adjadj././advadv. .的比较的比较 级级+than+than”结构，意为结构，意为“不如不如”，表示两种情，表示两种情 况客观上的比较。而况客观上的比较。而“

13、no+no+adjadj././advadv. .的比较级的比较级 +than+than”结构意为结构意为“ ”，表示说，表示说 话人的主观感受。话人的主观感受。考点提炼考点提炼不不如如聪明聪明和和一样不一样不导练互动导练互动重点单词重点单词1.quality1.quality And what And what does a great person does a great person have?( have?(回归课本回归课本P P3333) ) 观察思考观察思考 Much of the land was of poor quality.Much of the land was of

14、poor quality. 这块地大部分土质贫瘠。这块地大部分土质贫瘠。 She had many good qualities although she is She had many good qualities although she is a little rude. a little rude. 她虽然有点粗鲁，但还有许多优秀品质。她虽然有点粗鲁，但还有许多优秀品质。qualitiesqualities归纳总结归纳总结quality quality 。易混辨异易混辨异quality,character,characteristicquality,character,characte

15、ristic三个词都含有三个词都含有“特点、特征、特性特点、特征、特性”的意思，但各的意思，但各有侧重。有侧重。(1)quality(1)quality是常用词，指表现某人或某物与其他人是常用词，指表现某人或某物与其他人或物不同的性质或特点，因而体现出的是自己的优或物不同的性质或特点，因而体现出的是自己的优点或长处以及优良品质。表达含糊而难以捉摸的现点或长处以及优良品质。表达含糊而难以捉摸的现象也用它。象也用它。n n. .质量；品质；性质质量；品质；性质(2)character(2)character指事物、地方、事件等的特点、特征、指事物、地方、事件等的特点、特征、特色以及个人、集体、民族

16、等特有的品质、特性，特色以及个人、集体、民族等特有的品质、特性，它能体现出成年人已经充分发展的生活方式，而且它能体现出成年人已经充分发展的生活方式，而且往往和品格有关。往往和品格有关。(3)characteristic(3)characteristic指与众不同的、易于辨认的特征指与众不同的、易于辨认的特征或特性。常用于科技领域。或特性。常用于科技领域。即学即用即学即用（1 1）质量差的商品很难卖出。）质量差的商品很难卖出。 wonwont sell easily. t sell easily. （2 2）他们生产各种品质的货物。）他们生产各种品质的货物。 They produce goods

17、 They produce goods . .Goods of poor qualityGoods of poor qualityof various qualitiesof various qualities2.active2.active 观察思考观察思考 He became an active social reformer.He became an active social reformer. 他成了一位积极的社会改革者。他成了一位积极的社会改革者。 Although Mrs.Brown is over 80,she is still Although Mrs.Brown is ov

18、er 80,she is still very active. very active. 布朗太太已八十多岁了，但她还是十分活跃。布朗太太已八十多岁了，但她还是十分活跃。归纳总结归纳总结active active 。( (派生派生) actively ) actively advadv. .积极地积极地activity activity n n. .U U活跃，热闹状况；活动；活跃，热闹状况；活动；C C具体的活动具体的活动action action n.n.U U行动（总称）；行动（总称）；C C行为，行动行为，行动（指具体的一次）（指具体的一次）act act v v. .（采取）行动；扮

19、演；起作用；（采取）行动；扮演；起作用；n n. .C C行行为，行动；（戏剧等的）一幕；法案为，行动；（戏剧等的）一幕；法案be active inbe active in在在方面积极方面积极take an active part intake an active part in积极参加积极参加adjadj. .积极的，活跃的积极的，活跃的即学即用即学即用（1 1）She She ( (在在方面积极方面积极) the) the 1789 French Revolution. 1789 French Revolution. （2 2）The teacher encouraged student

20、s toThe teacher encouraged students to ( (积极参与积极参与) ) discussions. discussions.was active inwas active intake an active part intake an active part in3.equal3.equal But I was happy to help because I knew it But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of would help us ach

21、ieve our dream of making black and white people making black and white people . . ( (回归课本回归课本P P3434) ) 观察思考观察思考 A metre equals 39.38 inches.A metre equals 39.38 inches. 1 1米等于米等于39.3839.38英寸。英寸。 There is an equal number of boys and girls There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class. in t

22、he class. 这个班男女生人数相等。这个班男女生人数相等。 She treats the people who work for her as She treats the people who work for her as her equals. her equals. 她以平等的身份对待为她工作的人。她以平等的身份对待为她工作的人。equalequal归纳总结归纳总结equalequal 。A equals B AA equals B A等于等于B BA is equal to B AA is equal to B A等于等于B Bbe equal to sth./doing st

23、h.be equal to sth./doing sth.胜任某事胜任某事/ /做某事做某事be equal withbe equal with与与相等相等Three plus two equals five.Three plus two equals five.=Three plus two is equal to five.=Three plus two is equal to five.3 3加加2 2等于等于5 5。v v. .等于；抵得上；等于；抵得上；adjadj. .相等的；胜任的相等的；胜任的; ;n n. .同等的人；相等物同等的人；相等物注意以下介词的搭配：注意以下介词的搭

24、配：be similar tobe similar to同同相似相似be familiar to sb.be familiar to sb.为某人所熟知为某人所熟知be familiar with sth.be familiar with sth.熟悉某物熟悉某物be indifferent to sth.be indifferent to sth.对某事不关心；不在乎；对某事不关心；不在乎；不感兴趣不感兴趣be kind tobe kind to对对很和蔼很和蔼be polite tobe polite to对对很有礼貌很有礼貌be friendly tobe friendly to对对很友

25、好很友好即学即用即学即用（1 1）在体力上男人和女人相同吗？）在体力上男人和女人相同吗？ men men women in physical women in physical strength? strength? （2 2）她觉得自己不适合接待来客。）她觉得自己不适合接待来客。 She did not She did not visitors. visitors.AreAreequal toequal tofeel equal to receivingfeel equal to receiving4.vote4.vote Black people couldn Black people c

26、ouldnt t or choose or choose their leaders.( their leaders.(回归课本回归课本P P3434) ) 观察思考观察思考 The issue was put to the vote.The issue was put to the vote. 这一问题被付诸表决。这一问题被付诸表决。 WeWell listen to the arguments on both ll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it. sides and then vote on it. 我们

27、将先听取双方的论点，然后再表决。我们将先听取双方的论点，然后再表决。 The whole team have voted me their captain.The whole team have voted me their captain. 全体队员投票选我担任他们的队长。全体队员投票选我担任他们的队长。votevote归纳总结归纳总结vote vote 。vote forvote for赞成；投某人的票赞成；投某人的票vote againstvote against投票反对投票反对vote outvote out（以投票方式）罢免（某人）（以投票方式）罢免（某人）vote downvote

28、 down投票否决投票否决vote on/uponvote on/upon对对投票表决投票表决vote sth.throughvote sth.through表决通过（提案等）表决通过（提案等）n n. .投票；选票；表决；投票；选票；表决；vtvt.& .& vivi. .投票；选举投票；选举即学即用即学即用用适当的介词填空用适当的介词填空（1 1）I shall vote I shall vote (for/against) Bert (for/against) Bert because I think he because I think hes the best man.s the b

29、est man.（2 2）As we canAs we cant reach an agreement on this t reach an agreement on this matter,let matter,lets vote s vote (down/out/on) it. (down/out/on) it.forforonon5.reward5.reward They said that the job and the pay from the They said that the job and the pay from the new South African governme

30、nt were my new South African government were my after working all my life for equal rights after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.( for the Blacks.(回归课本回归课本P P3838) ) 观察思考观察思考 He received a medal as a reward for his He received a medal as a reward for his courage. courage. 他得到一枚奖章

31、，作为对他勇敢的奖赏。他得到一枚奖章，作为对他勇敢的奖赏。 Is that how you reward me for my help?Is that how you reward me for my help? 你就是这样来报答我给你的帮助吗？你就是这样来报答我给你的帮助吗？rewardreward归纳总结归纳总结reward reward 。in reward (for.)in reward (for.)作为（对作为（对的）报答的）报答give a reward to sb.for sth.give a reward to sb.for sth.为某事给某人报酬为某事给某人报酬（或赏金）（

32、或赏金）reward sb.for (doing) sth.reward sb.for (doing) sth.因（做）某事报答某因（做）某事报答某人人reward sb.with sth.reward sb.with sth.用某物用某物/ /事报答某人事报答某人n n. .报酬，回报；报酬，回报；v v. .酬劳；奖赏酬劳；奖赏易混辨异易混辨异reward,award,prizereward,award,prize(1)reward(1)reward多指对某人的帮助、工作或服务等的报多指对某人的帮助、工作或服务等的报答，如帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得答，如帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失

33、主找到东西而得到的赏金和酬金。到的赏金和酬金。(2)award(2)award指一种官方的奖励行为，往往用来奖励在指一种官方的奖励行为，往往用来奖励在工作中达到一定成就的人，重在强调荣誉而不在于工作中达到一定成就的人，重在强调荣誉而不在于奖品的大小或奖金的多少。奖品的大小或奖金的多少。Mr.Wang has been awarded the title of Mr.Wang has been awarded the title of “Advanced WorkersAdvanced Workers”. .王先生被授予王先生被授予“先进工作者先进工作者”的称号。的称号。(3)reward(3)

34、reward和和awardaward均可用作动词，均可用作动词，awardaward的意思是的意思是“授予，颁发；判给授予，颁发；判给”；rewardreward则表示则表示“报答，酬谢报答，酬谢”之意。亦可从结构上区分两者：之意。亦可从结构上区分两者：reward sb.for reward sb.for sth.,award sb.sth.sth.,award sb.sth.。He was awarded the first prize for He was awarded the first prize for “Outstanding Industrial DesignOutstand

35、ing Industrial Design”. .他获他获“杰出工业设计杰出工业设计”一等奖。一等奖。(4)prize(4)prize多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所获得的多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所获得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。In this monthIn this months competition you could win a s competition you could win a prize worth $3,000.prize worth $3,000.在这个月的比赛中，你可能获得价值在这个月的比赛中，你可能获

36、得价值3 0003 000美元的奖美元的奖金。金。即学即用即学即用（1 1）His movie won several His movie won several at the film at the film festival,which was beyond his wildest festival,which was beyond his wildest dream. dream. A.rewards A.rewardsB.awardsB.awards C.prizes D.gains C.prizes D.gains（2 2）We will offer a(n) We will off

37、er a(n) of ten thousand of ten thousand dollars for information about the case. dollars for information about the case. A.award A.awardB.prizeB.prize C.reward C.rewardD.praiseD.praiseBC6.devote6.devote A great person is someone who A great person is someone who his/ his/ her life to helping others.(

38、 her life to helping others.(回归课本回归课本P P3333) ) 观察思考观察思考 He devoted himself to his career.He devoted himself to his career. 他献身于自己的事业。他献身于自己的事业。 Please devote more time to your work.Please devote more time to your work. 请你把更多的时间用于工作。请你把更多的时间用于工作。devotesdevotes归纳总结归纳总结devote devote 。(1)devote oneself

39、 to(1)devote oneself to献身；致力；专心献身；致力；专心devote.to.devote.to.把把用于用于(2)Devoted (2)Devoted adjadj. .忠实的；深爱的忠实的；深爱的devotion devotion n n. .关爱，关照；奉献；忠诚关爱，关照；奉献；忠诚be devoted tobe devoted to深爱；致力于深爱；致力于vt.vt. 献身；专心于献身；专心于即学即用即学即用He made up his mind to devote his life toHe made up his mind to devote his life

40、 to pollution from pollution from again. again.A.preventing;happeningA.preventing;happeningB.prevent;happenB.prevent;happenC.preventing;happensC.preventing;happensD.preventing;will happenD.preventing;will happenA重点短语与句型重点短语与句型7.lose heart7.lose heart The scientist from whom The scientist from whom n

41、ever never when he was in trouble.( when he was in trouble.(回归课本回归课本P P3737) ) 观察思考观察思考 We mustnWe mustnt lose heart when people t lose heart when people plain.当人们抱怨时，我们千万不要丧失信心。当人们抱怨时，我们千万不要丧失信心。 DonDont lose heartt lose heartyouyoull do better next ll do better next time. time. 不要灰心不要灰心下次你会做得更好。下次

42、你会做得更好。lostlostheartheart归纳总结归纳总结lose heartlose heart意为：意为： 。lose onelose ones heart to sb.s heart to sb.爱上某人爱上某人break onebreak ones hearts heart使人难过（心碎）使人难过（心碎）give heart to sb.give heart to sb.鼓励某人鼓励某人heart and soulheart and soul全心全意地全心全意地heart to heartheart to heart诚恳地，贴心地诚恳地，贴心地take hearttake he

43、art鼓起勇气，打起精神鼓起勇气，打起精神from the bottom of onefrom the bottom of ones hearts heart从内心里从内心里learn sth.by heartlearn sth.by heart熟记熟记put oneput ones heart into sth.s heart into sth.对对全力以赴，一全力以赴，一心一意心一意丧失信心丧失信心即学即用即学即用Though the girl hasnThough the girl hasnt lost t lost heart to heart tohim,he hasnhim,he

44、hasnt lost t lost heart. heart.A.her;/A.her;/B.the;hisB.the;hisC./;hisC./;hisD.her;theD.her;theA8.out of8.out of .,and I worried about whether I would .,and I worried about whether I would become become .(.(回归课本回归课本P P3434) ) 观察思考观察思考 HeHes been out of work for six months.s been out of work for six

45、months. 他已经失业六个月了。他已经失业六个月了。out of workout of work归纳总结归纳总结out of workout of work意为：意为： 。out of businessout of business破产；歇业破产；歇业out of controlout of control失控失控out of repairout of repair失修失修out of orderout of order有毛病有毛病out of dateout of date过时过时out of oneout of ones reachs reach够不着够不着out of dangero

46、ut of danger脱险脱险out of questionout of question毫无疑问毫无疑问out of the questionout of the question不可能的不可能的out of patienceout of patience失去耐心失去耐心out of mindout of mind心不在焉心不在焉Out of sight,out of mind.Out of sight,out of mind.谚眼不见，心不念。谚眼不见，心不念。（离久情疏）（离久情疏）失业失业即学即用即学即用（1 1）他必须正视失业这一现实。）他必须正视失业这一现实。 He must f

47、ace the reality of He must face the reality of . . （2 2）过期护照是无效的。）过期护照是无效的。 A passport that is A passport that is is is invalid. invalid.being out of workbeing out of workout of dateout of e to e to power I didn I didnt work again for twenty years until t work again for twenty years until Mr.Mandela

48、 and the ANC Mr.Mandela and the ANC in in 1994.( 1994.(回归课本回归课本P P3838) ) 观察思考观察思考 The party came to power at the last The party came to power at the last election. election. 这个政党是在上次大选中当选执政的。这个政党是在上次大选中当选执政的。 By the time he came to power in 1951 he was By the time he came to power in 1951 he was al

49、ready seventy. already seventy. 到到19511951年上台时，他已经有年上台时，他已经有7070岁了。岁了。came to powercame to power归纳总结归纳总结come to powercome to power意为：意为： 。be in powerbe in power当权，执政当权，执政lose powerlose power失去权力失去权力take officetake office上台，执政上台，执政do everything in onedo everything in ones power to do sth.s power to d

50、o sth.竭尽竭尽全力做某事全力做某事由由come into+come into+名词可构成的短语：名词可构成的短语：come into actioncome into action开始行动开始行动come into fashioncome into fashion流行流行come into effectcome into effect生效生效come into officecome into office就职就职上台；掌权上台；掌权即学即用即学即用(1)(1)他当权后就违背了他减税的诺言。他当权后就违背了他减税的诺言。 When he When he ,he broke his,he br

51、oke his promise of reducing taxes. promise of reducing taxes. (2)(2)我将尽力帮助你。我将尽力帮助你。 I Ill do everything ll do everything to help to help you. you.came to/into powercame to/into powerin my powerin my power10.I felt bad the first time I talked to a10.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. gro

52、up.我第一次向（参观）小组谈论（罗本我第一次向（参观）小组谈论（罗本 岛监狱的情况）时，心里觉得很不好受。岛监狱的情况）时，心里觉得很不好受。 典例体验典例体验 I called on him,he was very I called on him,he was very busy. busy. 我每次拜访他，他都很忙。我每次拜访他，他都很忙。 He came to see me He came to see me he came back. he came back. 他一回来就来看我。他一回来就来看我。Each timeEach timeimmediatelyimmediately归纳总

53、结归纳总结句中的句中的 用作连词，引导用作连词，引导从句，意为从句，意为“ ”。（1 1）名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从句的有：）名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从句的有：every timeevery time每次每次/ /回回就就each timeeach time每当每当时时next timenext time下次下次时时any timeany time（在）任何时间（在）任何时间（2 2）有时副词也可充当连词，引导时间状语从句，）有时副词也可充当连词，引导时间状语从句，它们是：它们是：instantly,immediately,directlyinstantly,immediately,d

54、irectly等，都等，都相当于相当于as soon asas soon as。the first timethe first time时间状语时间状语第一次第一次时时the momentthe momentthe minutethe minutethe instantthe instant=as soon as=as soon as一一就就即学即用即学即用 they visited the Science Museum,they they visited the Science Museum,they showed great interest in everything they saw.

55、showed great interest in everything they saw.A.The first timeA.The first timeB.For the first timeB.For the first timeC.At firstC.At firstD.At the first timeD.At the first timeA11.only then did we decide to answer 11.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. violence with violence. 直到

56、那时，直到那时， 我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。 典例体验典例体验 Only with all your time and energy Only with all your time and energy do this job well. do this job well. 只有用上你全部的时间和精力，你才能把这项工只有用上你全部的时间和精力，你才能把这项工 作做好。作做好。 Only when he is seriously ill Only when he is seriously ill in bed. in bed. 他只有病得非常严重时才会卧床休息。他只有病

57、得非常严重时才会卧床休息。can youcan youwill he staywill he stay归纳总结归纳总结本句中的本句中的only thenonly then置于句首，引起句子置于句首，引起句子 。该句的正常语序是：该句的正常语序是：.we decided to answer .we decided to answer violence with violence only thenviolence with violence only then。在英语句子中，为了表强调，把在英语句子中，为了表强调，把“only+only+状语（副词、状语（副词、介词短语、从句）介词短语、从句）”

58、置于句首，主句要用部分倒装形置于句首，主句要用部分倒装形式，即把原句中的式，即把原句中的 、 或或 提到主提到主语前面。语前面。部分倒装部分倒装助动词助动词情态动词情态动词bebe动词动词即学即用即学即用Only in this way Only in this way to make improvement in to make improvement in the operating system.the operating system.A.you can hope B.you did hopeA.you can hope B.you did hopeC.did you hope D.c

59、an you hopeC.did you hope D.can you hopeD考题回扣考题回扣【例例1 1】I have reached a point in my life I have reached a point in my life I am supposed to make decisions of my own. I am supposed to make decisions of my own. （浙江高考）（浙江高考） A.whichA.whichB.whereB.where C.how C.howD.whyD.why 解析解析 当当point,case,stage,si

60、tuationpoint,case,stage,situation等表示抽等表示抽 象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少 状语，则用关系副词状语，则用关系副词wherewhere来引导定语从句。来引导定语从句。 课文原文课文原文 The school The school was three kilometres away. was three kilometres away.where I studied for only two yearswhere I studied for only two yearsB【例例2 2】Over the p

61、ast 20 years,the Internet Over the past 20 years,the Internet has helped change our world in has helped change our world in way or way or another for the better. another for the better. （重庆高考）（重庆高考） A.anyA.anyB.oneB.one C.every C.everyD.eitherD.either 解析解析 句意为：在过去的句意为：在过去的2020多年里，因特网已经多年里，因特网已经 帮助我们

62、在一方面或另一方面改变得更好。帮助我们在一方面或另一方面改变得更好。anyany任任 何；何；everyevery每一；每一；eithereither两者之中任一个（仅限于两者之中任一个（仅限于 两者之间）。两者之间）。 课文原文课文原文 However,this was a time when However,this was a time when had got had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.oneoneB【例例3 3】Charl

63、es was alone at home,with Charles was alone at home,with looking after him. looking after him. （全国（全国高考）高考） A.someoneA.someoneB.anyoneB.anyone C.not one C.not oneD.no oneD.no one 解析解析 句意为：查理一个人在家，没有人照顾他。句意为：查理一个人在家，没有人照顾他。 由句中的关键词由句中的关键词alonealone可知应选可知应选no one,no one,指指“一个一个 人也没有人也没有”。 课文原文课文原文 cou

64、ld grow food there.could grow food there.No oneNo oneD【例例4 4】For a moment nothing happened.Then For a moment nothing happened.Then all shouting together. all shouting together. （福建高考）（福建高考） A.voices had comeA.voices had come B.came voices B.came voices C.voices would come D.did voices come C.voices

65、would come D.did voices come 解析解析 当某些副词如当某些副词如then,now,here,there,upthen,now,here,there,up 等置于句首时，句子要用完全倒装形式。等置于句首时，句子要用完全倒装形式。 课文原文课文原文 . . to answer to answer violence violenceonly then did we decideonly then did we decideB【例例5 5】Because of the financial crisis,daysBecause of the financial crisis,

66、days are gone are gone local 5-star hotels charged local 5-star hotels charged 6 6，000000yuanyuan for one night. for one night.（江苏高考）（江苏高考） A.if B.when C.which D.sinceA.if B.when C.which D.since 解析解析 句意为：因为金融危机，当地五星级旅馆句意为：因为金融危机，当地五星级旅馆 每晚收费每晚收费6 0006 000元的日子已经一去不复返了。元的日子已经一去不复返了。 whenwhen引导一个限制性定语从

67、句修饰先行词引导一个限制性定语从句修饰先行词days,days,并并 且在从句中作状语。且在从句中作状语。 课文原文课文原文 The time The time was a very difficult period of my life. was a very difficult period of my life.when I first met Nelson Mandelawhen I first met Nelson MandelaB写作技能写作技能简单句的扩展简单句的扩展 句子的扩展，就是在名词前后加上前置或后置定句子的扩展，就是在名词前后加上前置或后置定语，在动词、形容词或者副词前

68、后加上适当的状语，在动词、形容词或者副词前后加上适当的状语，或增加修饰整个句子的状语，等等，其目的是语，或增加修饰整个句子的状语，等等，其目的是使结构形式更饱满、内容表达更加清楚、语言表达使结构形式更饱满、内容表达更加清楚、语言表达更生动。我们练习句子的扩展，有助于循序渐进地更生动。我们练习句子的扩展，有助于循序渐进地实现由句到段的过渡。实现由句到段的过渡。【例例1 1】对对The man was famous.The man was famous.（主语（主语+ +系动词系动词+ +表表语）一句进行扩展，可得到以下一些句子：语）一句进行扩展，可得到以下一些句子： a.The man a.Th

69、e man was a famous student. was a famous student.( (划线部分为定语划线部分为定语) )named Mikenamed Mike b.b. ,the man was very ,the man was very famousfamous .(.(划线部分为状语划线部分为状语) )【例例2 2】对对The student jumped.The student jumped.（主语（主语+ +谓语）一句谓语）一句进行扩展，可得到以下一些句子：进行扩展，可得到以下一些句子： a.The a.The student student jumped.jum

70、ped.（划线部分为定语）（划线部分为定语） b.b. ,the naughty ,the naughty student jumped student jumped . .（划线部分为状语）（划线部分为状语）At the age of seventeenAt the age of seventeenbecause of being good at playing thebecause of being good at playing thepianopianonaughtynaughtywith glasses onwith glasses onHearing the good newsHe

71、aring the good newswith joywith joy in classin class without anywithout anyhesitationhesitation【例例3 3】Chinese are making China more powerful.Chinese are making China more powerful.（主语（主语+ +谓语谓语+ +宾语宾语+ +宾补）一句进行扩展，可得到以宾补）一句进行扩展，可得到以下一些句子：下一些句子： a.a. Chinese Chinese are making China are making China m

72、ore more powerful.powerful.（划线部分为定语）（划线部分为定语） b.b. ,hard-working and open-,hard-working and open-minded Chinese are making full of resources more minded Chinese are making full of resources more powerful powerful . .（划线部分为状语）（划线部分为状语）Hard-working and open-mindedHard-working and open-mindedfull of re

73、sourcesfull of resourcesWith time going onWith time going onthan before as expectedthan before as expected即时练习即时练习按要求对下列句子进行扩展按要求对下列句子进行扩展1.Students buy books.1.Students buy books.（至少要含非谓语、介词短（至少要含非谓语、介词短 语和从句等作定语）语和从句等作定语）2.Students work.2.Students work.（至少要含非谓语、介词短语和（至少要含非谓语、介词短语和 从句等作状语）从句等作状语）Th

74、e diligent students in our class often buy The diligent students in our class often buy some books written in English on science,some books written in English on science,which are really well worth buying.which are really well worth buying.In order to improve their school subjects,In order to improv

75、e their school subjects,students work hard in the classroom so that students work hard in the classroom so that they forget to go out after class.they forget to go out after class.3.The man gave me a pen.3.The man gave me a pen.（至少含一个不定式短（至少含一个不定式短 语，一个现在分词短语）语，一个现在分词短语）In order to help me,the old m

76、an standing In order to help me,the old man standing over there gave me a red pen to write with over there gave me a red pen to write with the day before yesterday.the day before yesterday.自主检测自主检测品句填词品句填词1.After he heard the bad news,his face took 1.After he heard the bad news,his face took on a on

77、 a ( (焦虑的焦虑的) expression.) expression.2.I2.Im m ( (心甘情愿的心甘情愿的) to help you.) to help you.3.There have been several 3.There have been several ( (袭击袭击) ) on foreigners recently. on foreigners recently.4.She is very 4.She is very m m with money.She wouldn with money.She wouldnt t give a cent to help th

78、e poor child. give a cent to help the poor child.5.He is always ready to give money to 5.He is always ready to give money to beggars.He is beggars.He is g g . . worriedworriedwillingwillingattacksattackseaneanenerousenerous6.Several hours later,with the help of the 6.Several hours later,with the hel

79、p of the police,the students managed to e police,the students managed to e from the dangerous place,hungry and from the dangerous place,hungry and frightened. frightened.7.The man was 7.The man was s s to 10 years to 10 years imprisonment for robbing the bank. imprisonment for robbing the bank.8.In

80、my 8.In my o o ,most people learn by ,most people learn by doing,not by sitting in the classroom and doing,not by sitting in the classroom and reading. reading. 9.If you feel cold while sleeping,you can add 9.If you feel cold while sleeping,you can add a a b b on your quilt. on your quilt. 10.As a w

81、ell-educated person,it10.As a well-educated person,its hard fors hard for us to imagine that she treated the boy with us to imagine that she treated the boy with such such ( (残忍残忍).).scapescapeentencedentencedpinionpinionlanketlanketcrueltycruelty.短语运用短语运用1.A monument (1.A monument (纪念碑纪念碑) was ) wa

82、s in honor of in honor of the heroes who gave up their lives for the the heroes who gave up their lives for the country. country.2.He led the workers in 2.He led the workers in the the war. war.3.After Hitler 3.After Hitler in Germany, in Germany, Einstein was forced to go to America. Einstein was f

83、orced to go to America. as a matter of fact,come to power,free as a matter of fact,come to power,free from,lose heart,in one way,set up,worry from,lose heart,in one way,set up,worry about,fight againstabout,fight againstset upset upfighting againstfighting againstcame to powercame to power4.4. ,soci

84、al customs vary ,social customs vary in different parts of the world. in different parts of the world. 5.Many people think the changes are an 5.Many people think the changes are an improvement improvement . .6.When her son returned,she was at last 6.When her son returned,she was at last anxiety. anx

85、iety.7.That football team had won no games and it 7.That football team had won no games and it . . 8.Don8.Dont be worried,because there is nothing t be worried,because there is nothing to to . .As a matter of factAs a matter of factin one wayin one wayfree fromfree fromlost heartlost heartworry abou

86、tworry about.完成句子完成句子1.Madame Curie,1.Madame Curie, ( (致力于科致力于科 学学),was a great woman.(devote),was a great woman.(devote)2.2. ( (事实上事实上),I have ),I have the woman the womans name written down somewhere.s name written down somewhere. (fact) (fact) 3.The emperor 3.The emperor ( (当权当权) for ) for sevent

87、een years.(power) seventeen years.(power)4.To collect money,the stars wil4.To collect money,the stars wil ( (义务献唱义务献唱) at the evening party.) at the evening party. (free) (free) 5.He whispered to his wife 5.He whispered to his wife ( (害怕害怕) ) he might wake up the sleeping baby.(fear) he might wake u

88、p the sleeping baby.(fear)devoted to sciencedevoted to scienceAs a matter of factAs a matter of facthas been in powerhas been in powersing forsing forfreefreefor fear thatfor fear that.单项填空单项填空1.The time he has devoted in the past ten 1.The time he has devoted in the past ten years years the disable

89、d is now considered the disabled is now considered of great value. of great value. A.to help;being A.to help;beingB.to helping;to beB.to helping;to be C.to help;to be C.to help;to beD.helping;beingD.helping;being 解析解析 该句的前一部分考查了该句的前一部分考查了devote onedevote ones s time to doing sth. time to doing sth.结

90、构。结构。the timethe time之后跟了省之后跟了省 略关系代词略关系代词which/thatwhich/that的定语从句。句意为：他的定语从句。句意为：他 在过去的十年中用在帮助残疾人身上的时间现在在过去的十年中用在帮助残疾人身上的时间现在 被认为是很有价值的。被认为是很有价值的。B2.As a(n) 2.As a(n) his contribution to his contribution to botany,Joseph Banks had a flower named botany,Joseph Banks had a flower named after him. af

91、ter him. A.reward;for B.reward;with A.reward;for B.reward;with C.award;for C.award;for D.award;with D.award;with 解析解析 as a reward for.as a reward for.意为意为“作为对作为对的的 回报回报/ /报酬报酬”；awardaward表示表示“奖励，奖赏奖励，奖赏”。句意。句意 为：为了回报约瑟夫为：为了回报约瑟夫班克斯对植物学的贡献，班克斯对植物学的贡献， 人们用他的名字命名了一种花。人们用他的名字命名了一种花。A3.The Red Army soldi

92、ers had to fight 3.The Red Army soldiers had to fight all all kinds of difficulties in their fight kinds of difficulties in their fight the people the peoples freedom.s freedom. A.for;for A.for;forB.with;withB.with;with C.against;against C.against;againstD.against;forD.against;for 解析解析 fight against

93、fight against和和作斗争；作斗争；fight forfight for 为获取为获取而战斗。句意为：红军为了人民的自而战斗。句意为：红军为了人民的自 由不得不和各种各样的困难作斗争。由不得不和各种各样的困难作斗争。D4.Either you or the headmaster 4.Either you or the headmaster the the prizes to the gifted students at the prizes to the gifted students at the meeting. meeting. A.is handing out B.are t

94、o hand out A.is handing out B.are to hand out C.are handing out D.is to hand out C.are handing out D.is to hand out 解析解析 either.or.either.or.连接两个并列名词作主语连接两个并列名词作主语 时，谓语动词要遵循就近原则，故可排除时，谓语动词要遵循就近原则，故可排除B B和和C C； 又因为奖品还没有发放，故用又因为奖品还没有发放，故用to doto do结构表示将来。结构表示将来。 句意为：要么是你，要么是校长，在大会上给那句意为：要么是你，要么是校长，在大会

95、上给那 些有才华的学生颁奖。些有才华的学生颁奖。D5.The gestures (5.The gestures (手势手势) are ) are both by the both by the Chinese and foreigners as Chinese and foreigners as the same the same meaning. meaning. A.accepted;having A.accepted;having B.accepted;to have B.accepted;to have C.received;having C.received;having D.rec

96、eived;to have D.received;to have 解析解析 句意为：这些手势表达相同的意思，中国句意为：这些手势表达相同的意思，中国 人和外国人都可接受。人和外国人都可接受。acceptaccept表示主观上的表示主观上的“接接 受受”，而，而receivereceive表示客观上的表示客观上的“收到收到”。asas在这在这 里是介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词。里是介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词。A6.There are many cards for you to 6.There are many cards for you to . . A.choose from A.c

97、hoose from B.choosing from B.choosing from C.be chosen from D.be choosing from C.be chosen from D.be choosing from 解析解析 不定式在此表示主动，与前面的名词不定式在此表示主动，与前面的名词cardscards 形成逻辑上的动宾关系；前面提供了选择的范形成逻辑上的动宾关系；前面提供了选择的范 围，故应用围，故应用choose fromchoose from。句意为：有许多卡片供。句意为：有许多卡片供 你选择。你选择。A7.All possible means 7.All possi

98、ble means been taken to stop been taken to stop the river the river . . A.have;polluting A.have;polluting B.has;polluted B.has;polluted C.has;from being polluted C.has;from being polluted D.have;being polluted D.have;being polluted 解析解析 由由stop.(from) doingstop.(from) doing结构及结构及the riverthe river 与与

99、pollutepollute之间的被动关系可排除之间的被动关系可排除A A和和B B；又因为；又因为 allall修饰修饰meansmeans作主语，谓语动词用复数可排除作主语，谓语动词用复数可排除C C 项，综合可知正确答案为项，综合可知正确答案为D D项。句意为：人们采取项。句意为：人们采取 了所有可能的方法来阻止河水受到污染。了所有可能的方法来阻止河水受到污染。D8.8.Have your working conditions improved?Have your working conditions improved? No, No, than before,I than before

100、,Im afraid.m afraid. A.no better A.no betterB.a little betterB.a little better C.not worse C.not worseD.no worseD.no worse 解析解析 由答语由答语“nono”及及“I Im afraidm afraid”可知工作可知工作 条件并没有比以前好转，故应用条件并没有比以前好转，故应用no better than no better than ( (并不比并不比好好) )。句意为：。句意为：你的工作条件得你的工作条件得 到改善了吗？到改善了吗？没有，恐怕并不比以前好。没有，恐怕并不

101、比以前好。A9.You are late.If you 9.You are late.If you a few minutes a few minutes earlier,you earlier,you him. him. A.came;would meet A.came;would meet B.had come;would have met B.had come;would have met C.come;will meet C.come;will meet D.had come;would meet D.had come;would meet 解析解析 由语境可知，这里是与过去事实相反的

102、虚由语境可知，这里是与过去事实相反的虚 拟条件句，故答案为拟条件句，故答案为B B项。句意为：你来晚了。要项。句意为：你来晚了。要 是你早几分钟来，你就会见到他。是你早几分钟来，你就会见到他。B10.He can10.He cant fit into his new t fit into his new though he though he has been working in the new company for has been working in the new company for more than three months. more than three months.

103、 A.position A.positionB.situationB.situation C.state C.stateD.conditionD.condition 解析解析 positionposition职位；职位；situationsituation情形，状况；情形，状况； statestate状态；状态；conditioncondition条件；状态。条件；状态。A11.For Chinese,2008 is a special year,a year11.For Chinese,2008 is a special year,a year the 29th Olympics were

104、held in China the 29th Olympics were held in China for the first time and for the first time and saw so many saw so many natural disasters. natural disasters. A.that;the one that A.that;the one that B.when;one that B.when;one that C.that;the one what C.that;the one what D.when;one when D.when;one wh

105、en 解析解析 第一个空后为一定语从句修饰先行词第一个空后为一定语从句修饰先行词a a year year，从句中缺少时间状语，故应填，从句中缺少时间状语，故应填whenwhen；第二；第二 个空应填个空应填one that,oneone that,one相当于相当于a yeara year与前面的与前面的a a year year并列，并列，thatthat引导定语从句，并在从句中作主引导定语从句，并在从句中作主 语。语。B12.Honesty and trust are the basic 12.Honesty and trust are the basic of of making fr

106、iends. making friends. A.methods A.methodsB.principlesB.principles C.principals C.principalsD.beliefsD.beliefs 解析解析 考查名词辨析。句意为：诚实和信任是交考查名词辨析。句意为：诚实和信任是交 朋友的基本原则。朋友的基本原则。principleprinciple原则；法则；原则；法则；methodmethod 方法；方法；principalprincipal校长；负责人；校长；负责人；beliefbelief信任；信信任；信 仰。由题意可知答案为仰。由题意可知答案为B B项。项。B1

107、3.What 13.What the public was that Phelps the public was that Phelps should take drugs. should take drugs. A.worrying A.worryingB.worriedB.worried C.was worried C.was worriedD.was worried aboutD.was worried about 解析解析 worryworry此处用作及物动词，此处用作及物动词，“使担忧使担忧/ /着着 急急”，物作主语。，物作主语。be worried aboutbe worried

108、 about对对担担 忧，其主语是人。句意为：使公众担忧的是菲尔忧，其主语是人。句意为：使公众担忧的是菲尔 普斯竟然吸毒。普斯竟然吸毒。B14.Because of the global financial crisis,14.Because of the global financial crisis, there are there are fears that the world economy fears that the world economy could slide into could slide into depression. depression. A.the;a A.

109、the;aB.a;theB.a;the C./;a C./;aD.the;theD.the;the 解析解析 考查冠词用法。句意为：由于全球金融危考查冠词用法。句意为：由于全球金融危 机，（人们）担心这会导致世界经济萧条。第一机，（人们）担心这会导致世界经济萧条。第一 空是名词复数形式表示泛指，不用冠词；第二空空是名词复数形式表示泛指，不用冠词；第二空 泛指泛指“一次，一个一次，一个”，用不定冠词。，用不定冠词。C15.Only 15.Only as an interpreter as an interpreter how how important it was to practise sp

110、oken English. important it was to practise spoken English. A.when I worked;I realized A.when I worked;I realized B.when did I work;did I realize B.when did I work;did I realize C.when I work;did I realize C.when I work;did I realize D.when I worked;did I realize D.when I worked;did I realize 解析解析 当当onlyonly出现在句首修饰时间状语从句时，出现在句首修饰时间状语从句时， 主句应使用部分倒装。主句应使用部分倒装。D返回