API Piping PlansAPI 冲洗方案冲洗方案Seal Environment密封环境密封环境1 API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案2 Integral (internal) recirculationfrom pump discharge to seal内部循环从泵的出口到密封内部循环从泵的出口到密封 Advantage Advantage 优点优点 - No external piping 没有外部冲洗 Limitations Limitations 局限性局限性 - Changing flow rate required dismantling of pump 改变流量需要拆泵 - For clean pumpages only 只能是适用干净的介质API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案3 Points to Note for API Plan 02: API 02 冲洗方案应注意的事项：冲洗方案应注意的事项：-The injection tapping is used for venting prior to start–up. -在开车前，在开车前，入口用来进行放空入口用来进行放空-API plan 02 is often used together with plan 62, especially on high temperature bellows seals.冲洗方案冲洗方案2经常与经常与62一起用，特别是用在高温波一起用，特别是用在高温波纹管密封纹管密封API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案No flushing to the mechanical seal (‘dead-ended’)机械密封里没有冲洗机械密封里没有冲洗4 Points to Note for API Plan 11: API 冲洗方案冲洗方案11 应注意的事项应注意的事项- Use an orifice to restrict the flow rate if the discharge pressure is 3 bar higher than seal chamber pressure.如出口压力高于密封腔压如出口压力高于密封腔压力力3bar，，需要用一个孔板限制流量需要用一个孔板限制流量- Use on clean and low abrasives duties用在干净，含磨蚀性颗粒少的用在干净，含磨蚀性颗粒少的工况工况API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Seal Flushing By-Pass from Discharge单密封通过出口进行冲洗单密封通过出口进行冲洗5 Recirculation from seal chamber through a flow control orifice and back to pump suction从密封从密封腔里出腔里出,通过一个孔板返回到泵的入口通过一个孔板返回到泵的入口Points to Note for API Plan 13:API 冲洗方案冲洗方案 13 应注意的事项应注意的事项- Use an orifice to restrict the flow rate if the seal chamber pressure is 3 bar higher than suction pressure.如果密封腔压力高于入口压力如果密封腔压力高于入口压力3bar，，需要用一个孔限制流量需要用一个孔限制流量- handle abrasives duty better than API plan 11处理含有磨石性颗粒的工矿处理含有磨石性颗粒的工矿13方案好于方案好于11方案方案- higher seal chamber pressure to suppress vaporisation较高的密封腔压力可抑制它的汽化较高的密封腔压力可抑制它的汽化API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案6 +=Points to Note for API Plan 14: API 冲洗方案冲洗方案 14 应注意的事项：应注意的事项：- Flow back to suction side will evacuate vapours that may collect in seal chamber.- Recommended for light hydrocarbon service. API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案7 Recirculation from pump discharge through a flow control orifice and cooler to sealOpen Loop Cooling CircuitOpen Loop Cooling CircuitCooling Water Outlet冷冷水出口水出口Cooling Water Inlet冷水冷水入口入口API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案8 Recirculation from a pumping ring in the seal chamber through cooler and back to seal Closed Loop Cooling Circuit Closed Loop Cooling Circuit 冲洗液通过密封冲洗液通过密封腔中的泵效环从密封腔中流出经过换热器，再返回到密封中，形成自封闭腔中的泵效环从密封腔中流出经过换热器，再返回到密封中，形成自封闭循环。
循环形成封闭的冷却回路形成封闭的冷却回路形成封闭的冷却回路形成封闭的冷却回路Throat bushingSuction入口入口Discharge出出口口18 - 24"Vent at highest point of the piping排排起在管线起在管线的最高点的最高点Cooling Water Outlet冷冷水出口水出口Cooling Water Inlet冷冷水入口水入口mechanical seal with pumping ringHeat exchanger换热器换热器API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案9 Points to note for API Plan 23:nThermosyphon design热虹吸设计 * heat exchanger 换热器* 18 to 24“ above pump centre line. *在泵中心线以上 18 to 24" * Prevent overheating in standby and start–up. * 在泵启动和备用时，要防止过热nInstall close fitting neck bushing at the bottom of seal chamber to isolate the heat from the impeller end.在密封腔底部安装喉部衬套用来隔离从叶轮传出的热量nUsed on high temperature applications to minimise heat load on the cooler by cooling only small amount of liquid that is recirculated.用于高温工况，通过冷却密封腔的小部分的循环流体来使冷却器的热负荷降至最低.nFor high temperature boiler feed pump applications用于高温锅炉给水泵上nOther applications其他应用 n * high temperature liquid close to bubble point. n* 接近沸点的高温液体.API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案10 Recirculation from pump discharge through a cyclone separator delivering clean fluid to the seal and fluid with solids back to pump suction line冲洗液从泵出口流出，通过一旋液分离器，使干净流体进入冲洗液从泵出口流出，通过一旋液分离器，使干净流体进入密封腔，带有颗粒的流体返回到泵入口处形成封闭循环密封腔，带有颗粒的流体返回到泵入口处形成封闭循环Clean overflowUnderflowInletAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案11 Points to Note for API Plan 32:对于对于API plan 32 须注意须注意:- Chose a proper source of seal flush to eliminate the potential for vaporisation of the injected fluid and to avoid contamination of the fluid being pumped with the injected flush.选择合适的密封冲洗源，选择合适的密封冲洗源， 以减少冲洗流体的汽化，同时可避免以减少冲洗流体的汽化，同时可避免冲洗流体被污染。
冲洗流体被污染 Install a labyrinth bushing at the bottom of the stuffing box to control the flushing and pressure if necessary.- - 如有必要的话，在密封腔底部安装如有必要的话，在密封腔底部安装喉部衬套或迷宫密封来控制冲洗和压喉部衬套或迷宫密封来控制冲洗和压力API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Single Seal Flushing from External Source单密封通过外部来源进行冲洗单密封通过外部来源进行冲洗Throat Bushing12 Recirculation from pump discharge through a cyclone separator delivering clean fluid through a cooler and then to seal and fluid with solids back to pump suction lineCooling Water OutletCooling Water InletAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案13 Needle valveExternal reservoir providing a dead-ended blanket of fluid to the quench connection of the gland. Points to Note for API Plan 51:对于对于API plan 51 须注意须注意: -- Dead ended blanket on atmospheric side of seal to prevent freezing of moisture. Seal face will not stick together when the pump started. - 在密封大气侧，一端封闭的在密封大气侧，一端封闭的情况可防止潮气的冻结，这样情况可防止潮气的冻结，这样在泵启动时，密封面就不会在泵启动时，密封面就不会粘接在一起。
粘接在一起 Typical application : Typical application : 典型的应用典型的应用典型的应用典型的应用Pump operating below 0° C应用于泵在应用于泵在 0°C以下以下-- API 610 8th Edition has eliminated this piping plan.API 610 第八版已经取消这个冲洗方第八版已经取消这个冲洗方案案--API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案14 API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案15 s A fluid used as a lubricant or buffer between dual mechanical seals. 这种液体象缓冲剂，润滑剂这种液体象缓冲剂，润滑剂用在双机械密封用在双机械密封s The buffer fluid is always at a pressure lower than the pump process pressure being sealed.缓冲缓冲液的压力通常低于被密封的介质的压力液的压力通常低于被密封的介质的压力s A fluid which is introduced between dual mechanical seals to completely isolate the pump process liquid from the environment.双机械密封里的隔离液使泵送的工艺双机械密封里的隔离液使泵送的工艺液体与大气分离液体与大气分离s Pressure of the barrier fluid is always higher than the pump process pressure being sealed.隔离液压力总是高于隔离液压力总是高于泵的运作压力泵的运作压力The purpose of fluid circulationis to remove heat from mechanical sealAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案16 Pumping ringPumpn On applications below ambient temperature, circulation of barrier fluid may not be desirable. 这种情况适用这种情况适用于比室温低的工况，隔离液的循于比室温低的工况，隔离液的循环不能满足要求。
环不能满足要求 The atmosphere will heat the reservoir and consequently add heat to the seal area.外部对储罐进行加热，外部对储罐进行加热，从而，对密封区域进行加热从而，对密封区域进行加热T2T1n Fluid circulation by temperature difference between the seal and reservoir. 流体依靠密封腔和流体依靠密封腔和储罐的温差进行循环储罐的温差进行循环 n Higher temperature liquid at seal has lower density rises to the reservoir.密封中的高温流体密封中的高温流体密度较小，依靠热虹吸现象上密度较小，依靠热虹吸现象上升到储罐中升到储罐中 n Lower temperature liquid at reservoir has higher density falls to the seal to provide cooling.储罐中的低储罐中的低温流体密度较大，下降到密封温流体密度较大，下降到密封腔中对密封进行冷却腔中对密封进行冷却API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案17 Points to Note for API Plan 52:nTypically used with an Arrangement 2 unpressurised dual seal.通常用于不带压双封通常用于不带压双封 nDuring normal operation, circulation is maintained by an internal pumping ring.在正常在正常操作情况下，通过腔内的泵效环维持循环操作情况下，通过腔内的泵效环维持循环 n The reservoir is usually continuously vented to a vapour recovery system and is maintained at a pressure less than the pressure in the seal chamber.储罐通常与回收系统相连通，罐内压力通储罐通常与回收系统相连通，罐内压力通常低于密封腔压力常低于密封腔压力Pressure Gauge 压力计Level Gauge 液位计Fill valveOrificeDrainLevel Switch (H) 液位开关Level Switch (L)Pressure Switch 压力开关(Normally Open)Vent valve 排气阀 External reservoir providing buffer fluid for the outer seal of an unpressurised dual seal arrangement.外部储罐对不带压双封的外密封提供缓冲液外部储罐对不带压双封的外密封提供缓冲液API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案18 Pressure Gauge 压力表Level Gauge 液位计Level Switch (L)液位开关Vent Valve 排气阀(Normally Close) 通常关着OrificePressure Switch 压力操纵开关 External Pressure 外部压力外部压力 SourceOne-way Block Valve(Normally Open)单向截止阀Points to Note for API Plan 53:nTypically used with an Arrangement 3 pressurised dual seal.通常用于带压双封通常用于带压双封 nDuring normal operation, circulation is maintained by an internal pumping ring.在正常在正常操作情况下，通过腔内的泵效环维持循环操作情况下，通过腔内的泵效环维持循环n The reservoir pressure is greater than the process pressure being sealed.罐内压力通常高罐内压力通常高于被密封介质压力于被密封介质压力 External reservoir providing pressurised barrier fluid for the outer seal of an pressurised dual seal arrangement.外部储罐对带压双封的外部储罐对带压双封的外密封提供隔离液外密封提供隔离液DrainAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案19 Points to Note for API Plan 54:nTypically used with an Arrangement 3 pressurised dual seal.通常用于带压双封通常用于带压双封nDuring normal operation, circulation is maintained by an external pump or pressure system.在正常操作情况下，通过外在正常操作情况下，通过外部的泵或压力系统维持循环部的泵或压力系统维持循环n The circulating barrier fluid pressure is greater than the process pressure being sealed. 循环隔离液的压力高于被密封介质的循环隔离液的压力高于被密封介质的压力压力 External barrier fluid system providing pressurised barrier fluid for the outer seal of an pressurised dual seal arrangement外部隔离液系统对带压双封的外密封提供带压隔离液外部隔离液系统对带压双封的外密封提供带压隔离液 API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案20 n nSafe to use, handle, storeSafe to use, handle, store储藏、操作、使用安全可靠储藏、操作、使用安全可靠n nStable liquid at ambient temperaturesStable liquid at ambient temperatures在环境温度下，性能稳定在环境温度下，性能稳定 n nNot a VOC, VHAP or other regulated compoundNot a VOC, VHAP or other regulated compoundn n不易挥发、非有害物质不易挥发、非有害物质n nNon flammableNon flammable不易燃烧不易燃烧n nNon foaming when pressurisedNon foaming when pressurised加压时，不易产生泡沫加压时，不易产生泡沫n nClean and good lubricityClean and good lubricity干净且有较好的润滑性干净且有较好的润滑性n nCompatible with process fluidCompatible with process fluid与工艺流体有互容性与工艺流体有互容性n nCompatible with seal materialsCompatible with seal materials与密封材料兼容与密封材料兼容n nGood heat transfer propertiesGood heat transfer properties有好的传热性能有好的传热性能 n nGood flow qualities at very low temperaturesGood flow qualities at very low temperaturesn n 在低温下，有好的流动性在低温下，有好的流动性n nLow solubility of gasLow solubility of gas对气体有较低的溶解性对气体有较低的溶解性n nLocal availabilityLocal availability当地容易获得当地容易获得n nLow costLow cost成本低成本低 VOC : Volatile Organic CompoundVHAP : Volatile Hazardous Air PolutantsAPI Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案21 Tapped connections for the purchaser’s use在接口处攻螺纹，以方便用户使用在接口处攻螺纹，以方便用户使用Point to Note for API Plan 61:对对于于API plan 61 须注意须注意:nTypically this plan is used when the purchaser is to provide fluid (such as steam, gas, or water ) to an auxiliary sealing device.n通常在买方能给密封辅助系统通常在买方能给密封辅助系统提供流体（如蒸汽、气体或水）提供流体（如蒸汽、气体或水）的情况下，才采用该方案的情况下，才采用该方案API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案22 Points to Note for API Plan 62:n对于对于API plan 62 须注意须注意:nThe quench may be required to prevent solids from accumulating on the atmospheric side of the seal. 防止在密封大气侧有颗粒积累防止在密封大气侧有颗粒积累nTypically used with a close-clearance throttle bushing.n普遍使用小间隙节流衬套普遍使用小间隙节流衬套API Piping Plans API 冲洗方案冲洗方案Single Seal Quench from External Source单密封通过外部急冷单密封通过外部急冷23 Plan 53a (A.4.12)ääArrangement 3, Contacting Wet (CW) SealsArrangement 3, Contacting Wet (CW) Seals排列方式排列方式排列方式排列方式3 3，接触式湿密封，接触式湿密封，接触式湿密封，接触式湿密封ääDual Pressurised (Double) Seals Dual Pressurised (Double) Seals 带压双封带压双封带压双封带压双封ääUtilises direct nitrogen blanket for pressureUtilises direct nitrogen blanket for pressure利用氮气来增压利用氮气来增压利用氮气来增压利用氮气来增压äädue to nitrogen entrainment in the barrier liquiddue to nitrogen entrainment in the barrier liquid由于氮气会夹进封液中由于氮气会夹进封液中由于氮气会夹进封液中由于氮气会夹进封液中ääAPI 682 limits the maximum nitrogen pressure to 10 barg, JC API 682 limits the maximum nitrogen pressure to 10 barg, JC recommendation is maximum nitrogen pressure 21 barg, as long as the recommendation is maximum nitrogen pressure 21 barg, as long as the barrier fluid temperature is less than 120°C API 682 barrier fluid temperature is less than 120°C API 682 限制了氮气的最大压力为限制了氮气的最大压力为限制了氮气的最大压力为限制了氮气的最大压力为1010barg, barg, 约翰克兰建议只要隔离液温度小于约翰克兰建议只要隔离液温度小于约翰克兰建议只要隔离液温度小于约翰克兰建议只要隔离液温度小于120120度，度，度，度， 最大氮气压力最大氮气压力最大氮气压力最大氮气压力2121bargbarg, ,API 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版 New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案24 Plan 53b (A.4.12) 53MääArrangement 3, Contacting Wet (CW) Seals Arrangement 3, Contacting Wet (CW) Seals 排列方式排列方式排列方式排列方式3 3，接触式，接触式，接触式，接触式湿密封湿密封湿密封湿密封ääDual Pressurised (Double) Seals Dual Pressurised (Double) Seals 带压双封带压双封带压双封带压双封ääUtilizes bladder accumulator for pressure Utilizes bladder accumulator for pressure 利用蓄能器来增压利用蓄能器来增压利用蓄能器来增压利用蓄能器来增压ääBladder eliminates nitrogen contact with barrier liquidBladder eliminates nitrogen contact with barrier liquid橡胶囊橡胶囊橡胶囊橡胶囊把氮气与隔离液分开把氮气与隔离液分开把氮气与隔离液分开把氮气与隔离液分开ääAllows for higher pressure applications Allows for higher pressure applications 允许高压力应用允许高压力应用允许高压力应用允许高压力应用Configuration Includes:Configuration Includes:uuAccumulatorAccumulator蓄能器蓄能器uuPressure Indicator Pressure Indicator 压力显示器压力显示器uuPressure SwitchPressure Switch压压力开关力开关uuHeat ExchangerHeat Exchanger换换热器热器BIBOTIBIBOFWhen SpecifiedAPI 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案25 Plan 53c (A.4.12)ääArrangement 3, Contacting Wet (CW) SealsArrangement 3, Contacting Wet (CW) Seals排列方式排列方式排列方式排列方式3 3，接触式湿密封，接触式湿密封，接触式湿密封，接触式湿密封ääDual Pressurised (Double) Seals Dual Pressurised (Double) Seals 带压双封带压双封带压双封带压双封ääUtilizes piston pot for pressure Utilizes piston pot for pressure 利用活塞增压利用活塞增压利用活塞增压利用活塞增压BIBOBIBOFWhen SpecifiedAPI 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案26 Plan 53c (A.4.12)ääAllows for higher pressure Allows for higher pressure applications applications 允许高压力应用允许高压力应用允许高压力应用允许高压力应用ääConfiguration includesConfiguration includes: :构造包括构造包括构造包括构造包括uuPiston pot Piston pot 活塞活塞uuPressure indicatorPressure indicator压力显示器压力显示器uuPressure switch Pressure switch 压力开关压力开关‘ ‘uuHeat exchangerHeat exchanger换热器换热器uuLevel switchLevel switch液位开关液位开关ääPiston pot eliminates nitrogen contact with barrier liquidPiston pot eliminates nitrogen contact with barrier liquid活塞缸阻断了隔离液与氮气活塞缸阻断了隔离液与氮气活塞缸阻断了隔离液与氮气活塞缸阻断了隔离液与氮气的连接的连接的连接的连接ääPiston provides constant pressure ratio to seals (1.1:1) Piston provides constant pressure ratio to seals (1.1:1) 活塞给密封提供持续的压力比活塞给密封提供持续的压力比活塞给密封提供持续的压力比活塞给密封提供持续的压力比率率率率Spring 弹簧API 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案27 Plan 72 (A.4.16)ääArrangement 2, w/ Containment Seal (CS) Arrangement 2, w/ Containment Seal (CS) 排列方式排列方式排列方式排列方式2 2，辅助二次密封，辅助二次密封，辅助二次密封，辅助二次密封ääDual Un-Pressurised (Tandem) Seals Dual Un-Pressurised (Tandem) Seals 不带压串联密封不带压串联密封不带压串联密封不带压串联密封uuDry-running secondary containment seal Dry-running secondary containment seal 干运转二次辅助密封干运转二次辅助密封ääLow pressure nitrogen sweep (purge)Low pressure nitrogen sweep (purge)低压氮气吹扫低压氮气吹扫低压氮气吹扫低压氮气吹扫uuSweeps primary leakage to collection system Sweeps primary leakage to collection system 主密封泄漏的东西排主密封泄漏的东西排放到收集系统里放到收集系统里uuDilutes primary leakage to lower emission levels Dilutes primary leakage to lower emission levels 稀释泄漏的东西稀释泄漏的东西ääUsed in conjunction with Plan 75 or 76 Used in conjunction with Plan 75 or 76 ，，，，与与与与7575方案或方案或方案或方案或7676方案一起使用方案一起使用方案一起使用方案一起使用nnCSV: containment seal ventCSV: containment seal ventnnCSD: containment seal DrainCSD: containment seal DrainnnGBI: gas buffer inletGBI: gas buffer inletnnFIL: coalescing filterFIL: coalescing filterAPI 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案28 Plan 74 (A.4.17)ääArrangement 3, Non-contacting Seals (NC) Arrangement 3, Non-contacting Seals (NC) 排列方式排列方式排列方式排列方式3 3，非接触式密，非接触式密，非接触式密，非接触式密封封封封ääDual Pressurised (Double) Gas Barrier Seals Dual Pressurised (Double) Gas Barrier Seals 带压带压带压带压ääNitrogen gas barrier Nitrogen gas barrier 氮气隔离氮气隔离氮气隔离氮气隔离n n1.75 - 2 bar (25-30 psi) above seal chamber pressure1.75 - 2 bar (25-30 psi) above seal chamber pressure高于密封腔压力高于密封腔压力高于密封腔压力高于密封腔压力1.75-21.75-2barbaruuZero emissions Zero emissions 零泄漏零泄漏ääEssentially a T2800 panel 2800Essentially a T2800 panel 2800类型控制面板类型控制面板类型控制面板类型控制面板nn GBI: gas buffer inlet GBI: gas buffer inletnn GBO: gas buffer outlet (NC) GBO: gas buffer outlet (NC)(used only to depressurize)(used only to depressurize)API 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案29 Plan 75 (A.4.18)ääArrangement 2, w/ Containment Seal (CS) Arrangement 2, w/ Containment Seal (CS) 排列方案排列方案排列方案排列方案2 2，二次辅助密封，二次辅助密封，二次辅助密封，二次辅助密封ääDual Un-Pressurised (Tandem) Seals Dual Un-Pressurised (Tandem) Seals 无压串联密封无压串联密封无压串联密封无压串联密封uuDry-running secondary Dry-running secondary 辅助密封干运转辅助密封干运转ääCondensate collection reservoir (8.6.5.2)Condensate collection reservoir (8.6.5.2)冷凝液收集罐冷凝液收集罐冷凝液收集罐冷凝液收集罐uuUsed when primary seal leakage may condense ( does not Used when primary seal leakage may condense ( does not completely vaporize) completely vaporize) 用于从主密封泄漏出来的可冷凝的工况用于从主密封泄漏出来的可冷凝的工况ääMay be used in conjunction with Plan 72 May be used in conjunction with Plan 72 或许和或许和或许和或许和7272方案一起使用方案一起使用方案一起使用方案一起使用API 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案30 Plan 76 (A.4.19)ääArrangement 2, w/ Containment Seal (CS) Arrangement 2, w/ Containment Seal (CS) 排列方式排列方式排列方式排列方式2 2，二次辅助密封，二次辅助密封，二次辅助密封，二次辅助密封ääDual Un-Pressurised Seals (Dry-running secondary)Dual Un-Pressurised Seals (Dry-running secondary)双无压密封双无压密封双无压密封双无压密封ääPrimary leakage routed to flare or ventPrimary leakage routed to flare or ventuuUsed when primary seal leakage will not condense (completely Used when primary seal leakage will not condense (completely vaporizes) vaporizes) 用于从主密封泄漏出的不可冷凝的工况用于从主密封泄漏出的不可冷凝的工况uuEssentially a 48SC or 28LD panel leakage detection Essentially a 48SC or 28LD panel leakage detection ääMay be used in conjunction with Plan 72 May be used in conjunction with Plan 72 或许和或许和或许和或许和7272方案一起使用方案一起使用方案一起使用方案一起使用API 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版第二版New Piping Plans 新的冲洗方案新的冲洗方案31 部分资料从网络收集整理而来，供大家参考，感谢您的关注！ 。