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1、Professions for WomenProfessions for WomenVirginia WoolfVirginia WoolfLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOYour company sloganYour company sloganThe Victorian ideology of FemininityThe Victorian ideology of FemininityThe French philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau, The French philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau, whose demand
2、s for human liberty had been whose demands for human liberty had been influential upon a number of movements for influential upon a number of movements for political reform, forcefully articulated some of the political reform, forcefully articulated some of the most restrictive tenets of what can be
3、 called the most restrictive tenets of what can be called the nineteenth centurys ideology of femininity.nineteenth centurys ideology of femininity.ThewholeeducationofwomenoughttoberelativetoThewholeeducationofwomenoughttoberelativetomen.Topleasethem,toconsolethem,andtomakelifemen.Topleasethem,tocon
4、solethem,andtomakelifesweetandagreeabletothemthesearethedutiesofsweetandagreeabletothemthesearethedutiesofwomenatalltimes,andwhatshouldbetaughtthemwomenatalltimes,andwhatshouldbetaughtthemfromtheirinfancy.fromtheirinfancy.Your company sloganYour company sloganThe Victorian ideology of FemininityThe
5、Victorian ideology of FemininityTheidealwomenhethusenvisionedapure,decorous,andTheidealwomenhethusenvisionedapure,decorous,andevenangeliccreaturewasonlyoneparticularlynotableevenangeliccreaturewasonlyoneparticularlynotablerepresentativeofastandardagainstwhicheverymiddle-andrepresentativeofastandarda
6、gainstwhicheverymiddle-andupper-classwomansconductwasmeasured,andotherupper-classwomansconductwasmeasured,andotherwriters,femaleaswellasmale,elaborateduponthevirtuesofwriters,femaleaswellasmale,elaborateduponthevirtuesofsuchanideal.suchanideal.In1854,inalongandverypopularpoem,In1854,inalongandverypo
7、pularpoem,The Angle in the The Angle in the HouseHouse,CoventryPatmoredescribedsuchselflessnessmore,CoventryPatmoredescribedsuchselflessnessmoreextravagantly,extravagantly,Man must be pleased, but him to pleaseMan must be pleased, but him to pleaseIs womans pleasure; down the gulfIs womans pleasure;
8、 down the gulfOf his condoled necessitiesOf his condoled necessitiesShe casts her best, she flings herself.She casts her best, she flings herself.Your company sloganYour company sloganThe model woman was an angel or a queenShemustappeardelicate,frail,ethereal.ShemustlookShemustappeardelicate,frail,e
9、thereal.Shemustlookandactlikeafragilecreature.andactlikeafragilecreature.Agoodwomanwasessentiallypassionless:ifmenwereAgoodwomanwasessentiallypassionless:ifmenwerebeastsruledbysexualdesire,theirpurewivesandbeastsruledbysexualdesire,theirpurewivesanddaughtersknewnothingofsuchmatters.Itwasgenerallydau
10、ghtersknewnothingofsuchmatters.Itwasgenerallyagreedthatonherweddingnight,theangelicvirginshouldagreedthatonherweddingnight,theangelicvirginshouldinonewayoranotherbehaveasQueenVictoriawassaidinonewayoranotherbehaveasQueenVictoriawassaidtohave:closehereyesandthinkofEngland.tohave:closehereyesandthinko
11、fEngland.Otherwise,awomanwasindangerofbecomingafallenOtherwise,awomanwasindangerofbecomingafallenwoman.woman.Your company sloganYour company sloganAt15,burnedearlywritingbecauseherstepmotherfeltAt15,burnedearlywritingbecauseherstepmotherfeltthatareputationforscribblingwouldharmthegirlsthatareputatio
12、nforscribblingwouldharmthegirlsmarriageprospectsandbecausesheherselfwasearlymarriageprospectsandbecausesheherselfwasearlyimpressedwithideasthatfasteneddegradationtothisimpressedwithideasthatfasteneddegradationtothisclassofcompositionthen,asnow,calledthenovel.classofcompositionthen,asnow,calledthenov
13、el.Evelina (1778)Evelina (1778)ExploredthesocialdevelopmentofaExploredthesocialdevelopmentofaheroinewhoprovesherselfworthyofherwell-bornheroinewhoprovesherselfworthyofherwell-bornsuitor.suitor.Cecilia; or Memoirs of an Heiress (1782) Cecilia; or Memoirs of an Heiress (1782) AnalysizedAnalysizedtheso
14、cialandeconomicproblemsofwomenthesocialandeconomicproblemsofwomenTriedtoraisethestatusofthenovelbycombiningTriedtoraisethestatusofthenovelbycombiningverisimilitudewithinstructions.verisimilitudewithinstructions.Fanny Burney (1752 1840)Your company sloganYour company sloganAphra Behn (1640 1689)Spyan
15、dplaywright,travelerandwit,AphraBehnwasSpyandplaywright,travelerandwit,AphraBehnwasEnglandsfirstprofessionalwomanwriter.InaagewhenmanyEnglandsfirstprofessionalwomanwriter.Inaagewhenmanywomenofletterswereintellectualaristocratswhoclaimedtowomenofletterswereintellectualaristocratswhoclaimedtowriteonly
16、forpleasureandfameamongtheirfriends,Behnwriteonlyforpleasureandfameamongtheirfriends,Behnwasamiddle-classwidowwhofranklywroteformoneyandwasamiddle-classwidowwhofranklywroteformoneyandpublicacclaim.publicacclaim.In1666,sheenteredtheintelligenceserviceofKingCharlesIn1666,sheenteredtheintelligenceservi
17、ceofKingCharlesII,whensuchpublictoilsofstateaffairswereunusualwithherII,whensuchpublictoilsofstateaffairswereunusualwithhersex.Shecarriedouthermissionremarkablywell,butwassex.Shecarriedouthermissionremarkablywell,butwasneverpaidproperly.Sosheendedupspendingsometimeinneverpaidproperly.Sosheendedupspe
18、ndingsometimein1668inaLondondebtorsprison,whichdecidedherupon1668inaLondondebtorsprison,whichdecidedheruponwhatwas,forawoman,anunprecedentedstep:writingforwhatwas,forawoman,anunprecedentedstep:writingformoney.Shebecameaprofessionalandhighlyproductivemoney.Shebecameaprofessionalandhighlyproductivepla
19、ywright.playwright.Your company sloganYour company sloganHarriet Martineau (1802-1876)Harriet Martineau (1802-1876)ShewasmorerigorouslyandformallyeducatedthanShewasmorerigorouslyandformallyeducatedthanmostwomenofhertime.Shewasprecociouslyandmostwomenofhertime.Shewasprecociouslyandindependentlyintere
20、stedineconomictopicsindependentlyinterestedineconomictopicsHerfathersdeathin1826forcedhertosupportherHerfathersdeathin1826forcedhertosupporthermotherandherselfbyneedleworkandwritingforthemotherandherselfbyneedleworkandwritingfortheGlobeGlobeoneconomictopicssuchasmachineryandlabor.oneconomictopicssuc
21、hasmachineryandlabor.Illustrations of Political EconomyIllustrations of Political Economy,1832-34,1832-34 Illustrations of Taxation Illustrations of Taxation,1834.,1834.Society in AmericaSociety in America,1837.,1837.Retrospect of Western Travel.Retrospect of Western Travel. DeerbrookDeerbrook,1839.
22、,1839.Your company sloganYour company sloganJane Austen (1775 -1817)Shedefinedherselfasawriterbyself-consciouslyShedefinedherselfasawriterbyself-consciouslysatirizingnotonlythefemaletraditioninliteraturebutalsosatirizingnotonlythefemaletraditioninliteraturebutalsoitseffectsonthegrowthanddevelopmento
23、fthefemaleitseffectsonthegrowthanddevelopmentofthefemaleimagination.Shecomicallycriticizedtheovervaluationofimagination.Shecomicallycriticizedtheovervaluationoflove,themiseducationofwomen,thesubterfugesofthelove,themiseducationofwomen,thesubterfugesofthemarriagemarket,therivalryamongwomenformalemarr
24、iagemarket,therivalryamongwomenformaleapproval,thefemalecultofweaknessanddependency,theapproval,thefemalecultofweaknessanddependency,thediscrepancybetweenwomensprivatesphereandpublicdiscrepancybetweenwomensprivatesphereandpublic(male)history.(male)history.Your company sloganYour company sloganGeorge
25、 Eliot (1819-1880)EliotwasawarethatheridentificationwithmasculineEliotwasawarethatheridentificationwithmasculineachievementthreatenedtoundermineherconsciousnessachievementthreatenedtoundermineherconsciousnessofherselfasawoman.Youmaytry,butyoucannotofherselfasawoman.Youmaytry,butyoucannotimaginewhati
26、tistohaveamansforceofgeniusinyou,imaginewhatitistohaveamansforceofgeniusinyou,yettosuffertheslaveryofbeingagirl.,saidaheroininyettosuffertheslaveryofbeingagirl.,saidaheroininhernovel.hernovel.Your company sloganYour company sloganQuestionsQuestionsWhatproblemsdoestheauthordiscussthroughhertwoWhatpro
27、blemsdoestheauthordiscussthroughhertwoexperiences?Whatfigurativedeviceswereemployed?experiences?Whatfigurativedeviceswereemployed?Whataretheadvantagesforusingmetaphors?Whataretheadvantagesforusingmetaphors?Whatwouldleftliterallywithoutthemetaphors?Whatwouldleftliterallywithoutthemetaphors?Your compa
28、ny sloganYour company sloganAndwhileIwaswritingthisreview,IdiscoveredthatifIweregoingtoAndwhileIwaswritingthisreview,IdiscoveredthatifIweregoingtoreviewbooksIshouldneedtoreviewbooksIshouldneedtodobattlewithacertainphantom.dobattlewithacertainphantom.AndtheAndthephantomwasawoman,andwhenIcametoknowher
29、betterphantomwasawoman,andwhenIcametoknowherbetterIcalledherIcalledherafteraftertheheroineofafamouspoem,theheroineofafamouspoem, The Angel The Angel in the Housein the House. .InthosedaysthelastofQueenVictoriaInthosedaysthelastofQueenVictoriaeveryhousehaditsAngel.everyhousehaditsAngel.SheSheslippeds
30、lippedbehindmeandbehindmeandwhisperedwhisperedAndsheAndshemadeasiftoguidemypenmadeasiftoguidemypen. .IturneduponherandIturneduponherandcaughtherbycaughtherby thethroatthethroat.Ididmybestto.Ididmybesttokillherkillher.My.Myexcuse,wouldbethatIactedinexcuse,wouldbethatIactedinself-defenceself-defence.H
31、adInotkilledhershewould.HadInotkilledhershewouldhavehavekilledmekilledme.Shewouldhave.Shewouldhavepluckedtheheartoutofmywritingpluckedtheheartoutofmywriting. .Thus,wheneverIfelttheThus,wheneverIfelttheshadowofherwingshadowofherwingortheortheradianceofherhaloradianceofherhalo uponmypage,Itookuptheink
32、potanduponmypage,Itookuptheinkpotandflungitatherflungitather.She.Shediedharddiedhard. .Your company sloganYour company sloganKilling the Angel in the HouseKilling the Angel in the HousevvI,awomanwriterwhowantsI,awomanwriterwhowantstoreviewamansnovel.toreviewamansnovel.vvIhaveamindofmyown.Ihaveamindo
33、fmyown.vvIhavefivehundredpoundsaIhavefivehundredpoundsayearsothatIdonthavetoyearsothatIdonthavetodependsolelyoncharmfordependsolelyoncharmformyliving.myliving.vvIwanttoexpresswhatIthinkIwanttoexpresswhatIthinktobethetruthabouthumantobethetruthabouthumanrelations,morality,sex.relations,morality,sex.v
34、vTheAngelintheHouse,aTheAngelintheHouse,aModelwomanrepresentingModelwomanrepresentingtheVictorianideologyoftheVictorianideologyoffemininity.Besympathetic;femininity.Besympathetic;betender;flatter;deceive;usebetender;flatter;deceive;usealltheartsandwilesofouralltheartsandwilesofoursex.Aboveall,bepure
35、.sex.Aboveall,bepure.vvSheneverhasamindorwishSheneverhasamindorwishofherown.ofherown.vvThesequestionscannotbeThesequestionscannotbedealtwithfreelyandopenlydealtwithfreelyandopenlybywoman.bywoman.Your company sloganYour company sloganKilling the Angel in the HouseKilling the Angel in the HousevvCameb
36、etweenmeandmyCamebetweenmeandmypaper.Botheredmeandwastedpaper.BotheredmeandwastedmytimeandtormentedmemytimeandtormentedmevvShadowofherwingsfellonShadowofherwingsfellonmypage;therustlingofhermypage;therustlingofherskirtsintheroomskirtsintheroomvvSlippedbehindmeandSlippedbehindmeandwhisperedwhisperedv
37、vWouldhavekilledme;wouldWouldhavekilledme;wouldhavepluckedtheheartoutofhavepluckedtheheartoutofmywriting.mywriting.vvDiedhard.HerfictitiousnatureDiedhard.Herfictitiousnaturewasofgreatassistancetoher.wasofgreatassistancetoher.Shealwayscreptback.Shealwayscreptback.vvIturneduponherandcaughtIturneduponh
38、erandcaughtherbythethroat.Ididmybestherbythethroat.Ididmybesttokillher.tokillher.vvIactedinself-defence.Iactedinself-defence.vvItookuptheinkpotandflungItookuptheinkpotandflungitather.itather.vvIdispatchedher.Idispatchedher.vvItsfarhardertokillaphantomItsfarhardertokillaphantomthanareality.thanareali
39、ty.vvIflattermyselfthatIkilledherIflattermyselfthatIkilledherintheinthe end.end.Your company sloganYour company sloganDoabattlewithaphantom.Thephantomwasawoman.theAngelDoabattlewithaphantom.Thephantomwasawoman.theAngelintheHouseintheHouseWiththismetaphor,theauthorinvitesustolookatherstruggletoWithth
40、ismetaphor,theauthorinvitesustolookatherstruggletofreeherselffromtheVictorianideologyoffemininityasaseverefreeherselffromtheVictorianideologyoffemininityasaseverebattlebetweenenemies.Andtheenemyhascomplicatednatures.battlebetweenenemies.Andtheenemyhascomplicatednatures.Describingtheenemyasaphantom,s
41、heallowsthereadertoimagineDescribingtheenemyasaphantom,sheallowsthereadertoimaginethegreatdifficultyinfightinganintangibleenemy.Bypersonifyingthegreatdifficultyinfightinganintangibleenemy.BypersonifyingthetraditionalideologyoffemininityastheAngelinthehouse,thethetraditionalideologyoffemininityastheA
42、ngelinthehouse,theauthorleftapowerfulimpressionuponthereader,fortheycanfeelauthorleftapowerfulimpressionuponthereader,fortheycanfeelitsexistenceanditseachandeverymovement.itsexistenceanditseachandeverymovement.Your company sloganYour company sloganMeaning of Arts and CatsArts:Arts:1.Sheexcelledinthe
43、difficult1.Sheexcelledinthedifficultartsartsoflife.oflife.2. 2.UsealltheUsealltheartsartsandwilesofoursex.andwilesofoursex.3. 3.IdonotbelievethatanybodycanknowuntilshehasexpressedIdonotbelievethatanybodycanknowuntilshehasexpressedherselfinalltheherselfinalltheartsartsandprofessionsopentohumanskill.a
44、ndprofessionsopentohumanskill.Cat:Cat:1. 1.ButtoshowyouhowlittleIdeservetobecalledaprofessionalButtoshowyouhowlittleIdeservetobecalledaprofessionalwoman,Iwentoutandboughtacatabeautifulcat,awoman,Iwentoutandboughtacatabeautifulcat,aPersiancatPersiancat. .2. 2.Whatcouldbeeasierthantowritearticlesandto
45、buyWhatcouldbeeasierthantowritearticlesandtobuyPersianPersiancatscatswiththeprofits?withtheprofits?3. 3.Imadeonepoundtenandsixbymyfirstreview;andIboughtaImadeonepoundtenandsixbymyfirstreview;andIboughtaPersiancatwiththeproceeds.ThenIgrewambitious.APersianPersiancatwiththeproceeds.ThenIgrewambitious.
46、APersiancatisallverywell,Isaid;butacatisallverywell,Isaid;butaPersiancatPersiancatisnotenough.Iisnotenough.Imusthaveamusthaveamotorcarmotorcar. .Your company sloganYour company sloganquestionsquestionsWhat is a novelists state of mind?What is a novelists state of mind?Why does the author use the met
47、aphor of fishing to describe Why does the author use the metaphor of fishing to describe her state of mind? In what way does the image of a fisherman her state of mind? In what way does the image of a fisherman at a deep lake fit the situation of a woman writer?at a deep lake fit the situation of a
48、woman writer?What was the problem discussed in the second experience?What was the problem discussed in the second experience?Your company sloganYour company sloganThefishermanatadeeplakeperfectlyfitsthesituationtheauthoristryingtoThefishermanatadeeplakeperfectlyfitsthesituationtheauthoristryingtodes
49、cribe.Outwardly,thelakeappearsdeadlycalm,andthefishermansunkindescribe.Outwardly,thelakeappearsdeadlycalm,andthefishermansunkindreamscalm,too.Beneaththesurfaceofthewater,therearebigfishaswelldreamscalm,too.Beneaththesurfaceofthewater,therearebigfishaswellashardstones,hiddenindarkness.Thelinemaygodee
50、pintothewatertocatchashardstones,hiddenindarkness.Thelinemaygodeepintothewatertocatchthebiggestfishor,tocrashonahardrock.Insidethefisherman/writer,therearethebiggestfishor,tocrashonahardrock.Insidethefisherman/writer,thereareconflictingthoughts.Thatis,thefreestimaginationthat,accordingtotraditionalc
51、onflictingthoughts.Thatis,thefreestimaginationthat,accordingtotraditionalthinking,shouldbeheldprivatelyandnotdealtwithinpublic,aswellasthethinking,shouldbeheldprivatelyandnotdealtwithinpublic,aswellastheawarenessoftheconsequencesofrevealingtheimaginationtothepublic.awarenessoftheconsequencesofreveal
52、ingtheimaginationtothepublic.ThroughthismetaphorthereaderperceivesthatthetruthaboutbodyandThroughthismetaphorthereaderperceivesthatthetruthaboutbodyandpassionandsexisforcedintodarknessbytraditionalvaluesoffemininity.Andpassionandsexisforcedintodarknessbytraditionalvaluesoffemininity.Andwithinthewoma
53、nwriterherself,thewishtoexploretheforbiddentopicandthewithinthewomanwriterherself,thewishtoexploretheforbiddentopicandtheawarenessofthedoublestandardsmenhaveagainstwomentearsherasunder.awarenessofthedoublestandardsmenhaveagainstwomentearsherasunder. Your company sloganYour company sloganTo sum up th
54、e two experiences, while the first experience is a To sum up the two experiences, while the first experience is a fight against something outside the phantom, or the Angel in fight against something outside the phantom, or the Angel in the house, the second experience is about the inner struggle the
55、 house, the second experience is about the inner struggle between the conflicting ideas within the writer herself. between the conflicting ideas within the writer herself. Your company sloganYour company sloganTable of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Main title 3. Examples 4. ConclusionYour company slog
56、anYour company sloganRelated DocumentsCompetitorsCompetitors You may want to allocate one slide per competitor You may want to allocate one slide per competitorStrengthsStrengths Your strengths relative to competitors Your strengths relative to competitorsWeaknessesWeaknesses Your weaknesses relativ
57、e to competitor Your weaknesses relative to competitorYour company sloganYour company sloganRelated Documentsexample1example2text1text2Your company sloganYour company sloganRelated Documentsexampletext1text1exampletext2text2exampletext3text3Your company sloganYour company sloganRelated Documentstext1text2text3Your company sloganYour company sloganRelated Documentsexampletext1text1exampletext2text2exampletext3text3exampletext4text4Your company sloganYour company sloganChart DocumentsYour company sloganYour company sloganChart Documents
