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1、小学英语语法小学英语语法TinaDOC一、名词（可数名词和不可数名词）二、人称代词三、冠词四、动词五、介词六、数词七、形容词和副词八、there be结构九、句式1.肯定句2.否定句3.疑问句4.祈使句十、时态：1. 一般现在时2. 一般过去时3. 现在进行时4. 一般将来时十一、“wh”的特殊疑问句一、名词名名词词具体名词具体名词抽象名词抽象名词普通名词普通名词专有名词专有名词个体名词个体名词集体名词集体名词名名词词可数名词可数名词不可数名词不可数名词单数单数复数复数英语语法中，名词有两种数的形式：英语语法中，名词有两种数的形式：1）单数（表示一个人或事物）；）单数（表示一个人或事物）；2）
2、复数（表示多于一个的人或数）。）复数（表示多于一个的人或数）。只有可数名词才有复数形式。只有可数名词才有复数形式。名词的数：名词的数： 名词复数形式的构成名词复数形式的构成形式形式变化规则变化规则发音发音例词例词一般情况一般情况+s1. 清辅音结尾的名词后清辅音结尾的名词后s2. 浊辅音结尾的名词后浊辅音结尾的名词后z；3. 元音结尾的名词后元音结尾的名词后z;books, cups, catsdogs, birds, armsdays, players以以-s,-sh, -ch, -x, -z结尾的名结尾的名词词+esizbus, brush, boxes, watch,大多数以大多数以-o
3、结结尾的名词尾的名词+esztomatoes, potatoes以元音字母加以元音字母加o结尾的名词结尾的名词+szradios, pianos以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的名词结尾的名词把把y改成改成i再再加加eszstories, families, babies以以f和和fe结尾的结尾的大多数名词大多数名词把把f或或fe改改成成v再加再加eszthieves, knives不规则名词的复数不规则名词的复数1.由元音字母的变化构成：由元音字母的变化构成：man-men,tooth-teeth,foot-feet,mouse-mice,woman-women2.有些名词的复数形式与单数的形
4、式一样：有些名词的复数形式与单数的形式一样：sheep,deer,fish(但也可以是但也可以是fishes)3.有些名词变成复数时加有些名词变成复数时加-en:child-children,ox-oxenPractise1.peach_2.zoo_3.glass_ 4.fox_5.lady_6.policewoman_7.house_8.photo_9.monkey_10.wife_11.rose_12.path_13.judge_14.map_peacheszoosglassesfoxesladiespolicewomenhousesphotosmonkeyswivesrosespaths
5、judgesmaps二、人称代词主格：Iweyousheheitthey宾格：meusyouherhimitthem形容词性物主代词：myouryourherhisitstheir名词性物主代词：mineoursyours hershisitstheirs第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称第三人称第三人称后跟名词后跟名词能够在句子中独立作能够在句子中独立作主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语Practise1._(他)ismybrother.2.Ihadaletterfrom_(她).3.Itsallright;itsonly_(我).4.Today_(我们)wentin_(我们的)car;tomo
6、rrow_(我们)aregoingin_(他们的).5._(我)lend_(我的)booksgladlyto_(我的)friendsandto_(你的).6.Canyouhelp_(我)with_(我的)English.7.When_(你)gotosee_(你的)father,pleasetakethesebooksto_(他).8._(他们)found_(它)difficulttolearnGerman.HehermeweourwetheirsImymyyoursmemyyouyourhimTheyit所有格所有格所有格的形式所有格的形式单数人称名词末尾加单数人称名词末尾加schild-ch
7、ilds以以-s结尾的单数人称名词末尾加结尾的单数人称名词末尾加swaitress-waitresss不规则的复数人称名词末尾加不规则的复数人称名词末尾加schildren-childrens以以-s结尾的复数人称名词末尾加结尾的复数人称名词末尾加girls-girls以以-s结尾的一些人名末尾加结尾的一些人名末尾加sJames-Jamess下列情况一般用下列情况一般用“of”结构：结构：1.东西东西(没有现成的复合名词时没有现成的复合名词时):thebookofthefilm2.东西的一部分东西的一部分:thebottomofthebox3.抽象的概念抽象的概念:thepriceofsucc
8、ess4.当当of短语中的名词被另一个短语或从句修饰时：短语中的名词被另一个短语或从句修饰时：Cantyoulookatthebookoftheboybehindyou?双重双重s结构也可以用于结构也可以用于“of”结构之后，如：结构之后，如：afriendofmyfathers,出现这种情况是因为在一个名词前通常只用一出现这种情况是因为在一个名词前通常只用一个限定词，又如：个限定词，又如：thissonofmine,afriendofyours,acousinofhers等等。等等。IsntFrankafriendofyours?ThatsillyuncleofTomshastoldmeth
9、esameJokefivetimes.冠词不定冠词不定冠词a,an定冠词定冠词the只能用于单数可数名词之前只能用于单数可数名词之前单数可数名词单数可数名词复数可数名词复数可数名词不可数名词不可数名词零冠词名词前可不用冠词名词前可不用冠词不定冠词的用法：不定冠词的用法：1.表示表示“一一”，“任何一个任何一个”或或“不管哪一个不管哪一个”的意思。的意思。Ihaveasisterandtwobrothers.2.在某些度量表示法中：在某些度量表示法中：WehavePElessonsthreetimesaweek.3.用在单数的表语名词前，以表示职业、行业、宗教、等级等。用在单数的表语名词前，以表
10、示职业、行业、宗教、等级等。Georgewantstobeanengineer.4.在以在以what引导的感叹句中，单数的可数名词前。引导的感叹句中，单数的可数名词前。Whataprettygirl!5.一些常用短语中。一些常用短语中。haveagoodtime,halfanhour,haveaheadache.定冠词的用法：定冠词的用法：1.用来表示用来表示“独一无二独一无二”的意思。的意思。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.2.表示表示“说话的人刚刚提到过的人或事物说话的人刚刚提到过的人或事物”。Thereisaboatintheriver.Theb
11、oatismadeofwood.3.用在后面跟有限定性介词短语的名词前。用在后面跟有限定性介词短语的名词前。theletterfromAmerica,thefourteenthofApril4.用在泛指的乐器名词前。用在泛指的乐器名词前。Heplaysthepiano.5.一些常用短语。一些常用短语。bytheway,inthemorning,Whatsthematter?零冠词的用法：零冠词的用法：1.泛指的抽象名词前。泛指的抽象名词前。Lifeisveryhardforsomepeople.2.泛指的物质名词前。泛指的物质名词前。Waterisveryuseful.3.泛指的复数名词前。泛
12、指的复数名词前。Booksaremybestfriends.4.泛指的泛指的“餐餐”名前。名前。Cometohavedinner/breakfastwithme.5.大多数的专有名词前。大多数的专有名词前。HecomesfromFrance.6.语言的名词前。语言的名词前。ShecanspeakFrench.7.在季节和节日的名词前。在季节和节日的名词前。Winteristhebesttimeforskating.8.当名词前已有一些代词修饰时。当名词前已有一些代词修饰时。Mybrotherisasoldier.9.在体育项目的名词前。在体育项目的名词前。playbasketball10.一些
13、常用短语。一些常用短语。athome,gotoschool,atnight1.Thereis_notebookonmydesk.Iuse_notebooktokeepadiary.2.Thereis_bottleonthetable._waterinitissweet.3.Wangsmotheris_Englishteacher.Sheteachesin_primaryschool.4.Chinais_ancientcountrywith_longhistory.5.Chinahas_populationof12hundredmillion._Chinesepeopleare_greatpeo
14、ple.6.Hermotheris_universityteacher.Sheis_honestwoman.7.Noneof_booksshouldbetakenoutof_roomwithout_permissionof_librarian.8._Partyalwaysteachesustoworkfor_peopleheartandsoul.9.Shestudiesat_No.3MiddleSchool.Shegoesto_schoolby_buseveryday.10.Myeldersisteris_studentof_English.Shestudiesat_college.11._M
15、ondaybefore_SpringFestivalwasverycold.12.Haveyouhad_dinner?PractiseatheaTheantheanatheThe/aanthethethe/The/aaThe/四、动词四、动词动词主要表示动作，其次表示状态或性质，有动词主要表示动作，其次表示状态或性质，有时态、语态、语气等形式的变化。时态、语态、语气等形式的变化。小学阶段所涉及的动词主要有：实义动词、小学阶段所涉及的动词主要有：实义动词、be动词、情态动词动词、情态动词can等。等。Be动词am,is,arewas,werebeenPractise1.He_verygoodat
16、English.2.MyfatherandI_goingtoBeijingnextmonth.3._youondutythedaybeforeyesterday?4.Mr.King_inLondontwoweeksago.5.There_manykindsofanimalsinthezoo.6.What_thedateyesterday?7.Look!Alittlegirl_flyingakite.8.Who_notatschoollastMonday?9.Haveyouever_toJapan?10.I_notanurse.Iworkasadoctor.isareWerewasarewasi
17、swasbeenam动词的基本形式原形第三人称单数现在式过去式过去分词现在分词studystudiesstudiedstudied studyingdodoesdiddonedoinghavehashadhadhavinglearnlearnslearned/learntlearned/learntlearning第三人称单数现在式情况情况变化规则变化规则例词例词一般情况一般情况+sworks, learns, eats, needs, says结尾为结尾为s,x,sh,ch,o+espasses, washes, teaches, goes, fixes结尾为辅音结尾为辅音字母字母+y变y为
18、i+escarries, studies, flies, hurries, cries动词动词be和和have的第三人称单数现在式的第三人称单数现在式分别是分别是is和和has。动词的过去式 构成构成例词读音例词读音在动词在动词后加后加ed在以在以e结结尾的动词尾的动词后加后加ed在以辅音字母加在以辅音字母加y结尾的动词后，结尾的动词后，先变先变y为为i再加再加ed在重读闭音节或在重读闭音节或r音节音节结尾而末尾只有一个结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母时，须双写辅音字母时，须双写这个辅音字母再加这个辅音字母再加ed在清辅音后读在清辅音后读tlookedwashedpassedhopedlikedst
19、oppeddropped在元音和浊辅音在元音和浊辅音后读后读dstayedcalledlivedstudiedtriedcarriedplannedpreferred在辅音在辅音t、d后读后读idtastedneededadmittedpermitted现在分词情况情况变化规则变化规则例词例词一般情况一般情况+ingdoing, asking, helping以不发音的以不发音的e结尾结尾的动词的动词去去e加加inghaving, taking, writing, living以重读闭音节结尾以重读闭音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅而末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词音字母的动词双写最后一个辅音双写最后一个辅
20、音字母，再加字母，再加ingrunning, swimming, putting, sitting原形第三人称单数现在式过去式现在分词have givegetread sweepplay carry hashadhavinggivesgavegivinggetsgotgettingreadsreadreadingsweepssweptsweepingplaysplayedplayingcarriescarriedcarryingPractise五、动词的时态动词时态是表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间和表示方式的一种动词形式。动词时态是表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间和表示方式的一种动词形式。小学阶
21、段所学的时态有：小学阶段所学的时态有：1.一般现在时：work/works2.现在进行时：am/is/areworking3.一般过去时：worked4.一般将来时：am/is/aregoingtowork一般现在时通常表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或通常表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或目前的状态。目前的状态。常与时间副词连用：常与时间副词连用：always,often,usually,every,onSundays,twiceaweek等。等。基本结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句I work.We work.I dont work.We dont work.Do I work?Do we work?Y
22、ou work.You dont work.Do you work?They work.They dont work.Do they work?SheHe works.ItSheHe doesnt work.It sheDoes he work? it现在进行时通常表示说话时或现阶段正在发生或通常表示说话时或现阶段正在发生或进行着的动作。它所表示的动作具有进行着的动作。它所表示的动作具有持续性、暂时性和未完成性。持续性、暂时性和未完成性。常见的与现在进行时有关的词有：常见的与现在进行时有关的词有：now,thesedays,look,listen等。等。基本结构基本结构肯定句肯定句否定句否定句
23、一般疑问句一般疑问句I am working.We are working.Im not working.Were not working.Am I working?Are we working?You are working.You arent working.Are you working?They are working.They arent working.Are they working?SheHe is working.ItSheHe isnt working.It sheIs he working? it一般过去时通常表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或通常表示过去某一时间所发生的动作
24、或存在的状态，其中也包括习惯性动作。存在的状态，其中也包括习惯性动作。常与表示过去的时间状语连用：常与表示过去的时间状语连用：yesterday,last,ago,justnow,in1998等。等。基本结构基本结构肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑问句一般疑问句I worked.We worked.I didnt work.We didnt work.Did I work?Did we work?You worked.You didnt work.Did you work?They worked.They didnt work.Did they work? She He worked. ItSh
25、eHe didnt work.It sheDid he work? it一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或情况。表示将来发生的动作或情况。常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用：常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用：tomorrow,next,Begoingtodo表示主体现在打算在最近或将来要表示主体现在打算在最近或将来要做某事；也可以表示做某事；也可以表示“预见预见”，即现在已有迹象表，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。基本结构基本结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句Im going to work.Were going to work.Im not going to wor
26、k.We arent going to work.Am I going to work?Are we going to work?Youre going to work.You arent going to work.Are you going to work?Theyre going to work.They arent going to work.Are they going to work?SheHe is going to work.ItSheHe isnt going to work.It sheIs he going to work? it1.Peter_(play)basketb
27、alltwiceaweek.2.Doyoubelievewhathe_(say)justnow?3.Look!Thelazycat_(sleep)inthesofa.4.There_(be)abookandtwopensonthedesk.5._you_(see)afilmtomorrowmorning?6.She_(notplay)theguitaratthemoment.7.What_hisfatherusually_(do)intheevening?8.They_(have)ameetingnextweek,arentthey?9.BothheandI_(be)teachers.10.I
28、_(notfeel)verywellyesterday.11.Heputonhiscoatand_(go)out.12.LeiFengoften_(help)othersandhewashelpful.13.NextSunday,we_(clean)upthepark.14.Hurry!Yourmother_(wait)foryouattheschoolgate.PractiseplayssaidissleepingisAregoingtoseeisntplayingdoesdoaregoingtohavearedidntfeelwenthelpsaregoingtocleaniswaitin
29、g六、介词六、介词介词在句子中表示名词或代词等与其他词之间的关系。不能单独作句介词在句子中表示名词或代词等与其他词之间的关系。不能单独作句子成分，常位于名词或代词（或与之相当的其他词类、短语、从句）子成分，常位于名词或代词（或与之相当的其他词类、短语、从句）前面构成介词短语。介词后面的成分作介词的宾语。前面构成介词短语。介词后面的成分作介词的宾语。方方位位介介词词in,on,at,under,to,behind,beside,near,before,infrontof,nextto,between时时间间介介词词in,on,at,after,before,fromto,past,between
30、其其它它of,by,with,into,outof,for,Practise1.Look_thepicture.Itspicture_myschool.2.Thereisaschoolbuilding_myschool.Ithasfivefloors._theschoolbuilding,thereisabigplayground._school,thechildrenalwaysplayballgamesthere.3.Myclassroomis_thefifthfloor.Itsbigandclean.4.MissLiisourclassteacher.Shecomes_schoolear
31、lyeverymorning.Shecomes_bicycle.Thenshedoesmorningexercises_us.Shelikessports.Tomorrowisherbirthday.Wewillmakeacard_her.Weloveherverymuch.5.Therearesomeapples_thetree.6.Wheresyourstudy?Itsnext_mybedroom.7.Thecar_thetreeisJacks.8.Theballis_thedoor,soyoucantseeit.9._thehouse,therearemanytrees.10.Liste
32、n!Someoneisknocking_thedoor.11.Thereissomethingwrong_mycomputer.atofinNearAfterontobywithforontounderbehindInfrontofatwith七、数词1.表示数目的词称为基数词表示数目的词称为基数词2.表示数目顺序的词称为序数词表示数目顺序的词称为序数词1.112的基数词的基数词：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve1319的基数词：的基数词：thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixtee
33、n,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen2090的基数词：的基数词：twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety2129的基数：的基数：twenty-one,twenty-two,twenty-three,twenty-four,twenty-five,twenty-six,twenty-seven,twenty-eight,twenty-ninethirty-nine,forty-eight,fifty-seven.-teen-ty十位数和个位数之间要加连字符号十位数和个位数之间要加连字符号“-”2.百位数百位数
34、：onehundred,twohundred,threehundred,fourhundredfivehundredandeight-six,sixhundredandninety-nine,sevenhundredandeight,eighthundredandone3.千位数千位数：onethousand,fourthousand,seventhousandonehundredandfive百位数和十位数之间加百位数和十位数之间加and。注意注意英语中没有英语中没有“万万”这个单位，所以常用这个单位，所以常用thousand来表示。来表示。tenthousand,thirtythousan
35、d,fifteenthousandonehundred,fivehundredandonethousandfourhundredandthirty-two1.英语序数词第英语序数词第1-19除了除了first,second与与third有特殊形式外，其余的都由基有特殊形式外，其余的都由基数词加后缀数词加后缀-th构成。构成。注意：注意：fifth,eighth,ninth和和twelfth的拼法。的拼法。2.十位数的序数词的构成方法是：先把十位数的基数词的词尾十位数的序数词的构成方法是：先把十位数的基数词的词尾ty中的中的y变为变为i，然后加后缀然后加后缀-eth,如：如：twentytwen
36、tieth,fortyfortieth3.十位数的序数词如果含有十位数的序数词如果含有1-9的个位数时，十位数用基数词，个位数用序数的个位数时，十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词，中间用词，中间用“-”连字符。如：连字符。如：twenty-fourth,ninety-fifth4.百、千、万等的序数词由百、千、万等的序数词由hundred,thousand,million等加等加-th,前面加有关前面加有关的基数词构成。如：的基数词构成。如：onehundredth,onethousandth注意：序数词前的注意：序数词前的one不能用不能用a代替。代替。onehundredandtwenty-f
37、irstPractise1.Thereare_daysinayear.A.threehundredssixty-fiveB.threehundredsandsixty-fiveC.threehundredandsixty-fiveD.threehundredandsixtyfive2._peoplevisitthismuseumeveryday.A.HundredB.HundredsC.HundredofD.Hundredsof3.Therearetwo_peopleinthemeetingroom.A.hundredB.hundredsC.hundredsofD.hundredof4._tr
38、eeshavebeenplantedinourschoolinthepast10years.A.ThousandsofB.TwothousandsC.ThousandofD.Twothousandof5.Mybrotherisin_.A.ThreeClass,OneGradeB.ClassThree,GradeOneC.GradeOne,ClassThreeD.classthree,gradeone6.Wearegoingtolearn_thisterm.A.booksixB.sixbookC.thebooksixD.BookSix7.Wecansaythenumber78,645inEngl
39、ishlikethis_.A.seventy-eightthousandandsixhundredandforty-fiveB.seventy-eightthousandsixhundredandfortyfiveC.seventy-eightthousandsixhundredandforty-fiveD.seventyeightthousandsixhundredandforty-fiveCDAABDC8.Theyear1999shouldbereadTheyear_.A.nineteenandninety-nineB.nineteenninety-nineC.onethousandnin
40、ehundredandninety-nineD.nineteenhundredandninety-nine9.Hewillcomehere_tomorrowmorning.A.atfifthB.attenC.ontwoD.tilltenth10.Everydayhebeginstodohishomework_.A.attenpastsevenB.atsevenpasstenC.ontenpastseventhD.untilten 11.Wealllikethe_boy.A.oftenyearsoldB.ten-year-oldC.attenoldD.ofageoften12.Thereare_
41、monthsinayear.Decemberisthe_monthoftheyear.A.twelve;twelveB.twelve;twelfthC.twelfth;twelveD.twelve;twelveth13.During_century,theworldpopulationhasalreadyreached6billion.A.twentyB.thetwentiethC.twentiethD.thetwenty14.Jennywasborn_.A.onJuly10,1987B.inJuly10,1987C.in1987,July10D.on1987,July10BBABBBA八、形
42、容词和副词形容词形容词是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）的词。是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）的词。副词副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词。句的词。1.Heisagoodstudent.2.Thefilmisveryinteresting.3.Thereissomethingwrongwiththebike.4.LucyisolderthanHelen.1.Theproblemisverydifficult.2.Hewrotetheletterscarefully.方式副词：方式副词：carefully,quickly,suddenly2.地点副词
43、：地点副词：here,there,up,down3.时间副词：时间副词：yesterday,today,now4.程度副词：程度副词：very,quite,much,just形容词和副词的比较级和最高级情况情况比较级比较级最高级最高级一般情况一般情况+er,如：如：taller,longer,faster,sooner+est,如：如：tallest,longest,fastest,soonest以以e结尾的词结尾的词+r,如：如：later,nicer,larger+st,如：如：latest,nicest,largest以重读闭音节结以重读闭音节结尾的词尾的词双写最后一个字母，再双写最后一
44、个字母，再+er,如如:bigger,fatter双写最后一个字母，再双写最后一个字母，再+est，如：如：biggest,fattest以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的词结尾的词把把y改为改为i再再+er,如：如：busier,earlier把把y改为改为i再再+est,如：如：busiest,earliest大部分多音节词大部分多音节词在前面加在前面加more,如：如：morecareful,morewonderfully在前面加在前面加most,如：如：mostcareful,mostwonderfully不规则的词：不规则的词：good/well,many/much,farbetter
45、morefarther/furtherbestmostfarthest/further比较级的用法1.用来把彼此独立的事和人进行比较，表示用来把彼此独立的事和人进行比较，表示“比比更更一些一些”的意思，通常用一个由从属连词的意思，通常用一个由从属连词than引导的状语从句来表示和引导的状语从句来表示和什么相比。为了避免重复，从句中有些成分可以省略。如：什么相比。为了避免重复，从句中有些成分可以省略。如：HelenistallerthanLucy.HegotmoreinformationthanIdid.HerunsfasterthanI.2.如果我们要说两个东西在某一方面是一样的，我们就可以用
46、如果我们要说两个东西在某一方面是一样的，我们就可以用“as+形容词形容词/副词副词+as”,形容词不用比较级而用原级。在作否定比形容词不用比较级而用原级。在作否定比较时，可以用较时，可以用notasas,notsoas,也可以用也可以用lessthan，如：，如：Jimmyisastallashisfather.Idontwriteas/sowellasHelen.Thisfilmislessinterestingthanthatone.比较级的用法3.为了表示持续不断的变化，我们可以用为了表示持续不断的变化，我们可以用“双重比较双重比较”的方法，的方法，这种结构后面不可跟这种结构后面不可跟t
47、han引导的比较状语从句。如：引导的比较状语从句。如：Heiscryingharderandharder.Ourcountrygetsmoreandmorebeautiful.Computersaregettingsmallerandsmaller,andcomputingfasterandfaster.4.表示两个变化是一起发生的，可以把比较级形式和表示两个变化是一起发生的，可以把比较级形式和the一起一起用，表示用，表示“越越，就越，就越”的意思。如：的意思。如：Thehigherthemountainis,thethinnertheairis.Theearlieryoustart,the
48、sooneryouwillbeback.Practise1.Shanghaiis_thanBeijing.Itis_cityinourcountry.(large)2.Billisntas_asMike.Tomis_thanMike.Whois_ofthethreeboys?(old)3.Marydrawsas_asBill,andsheismuch_thanhimatsinging.(well,good)4.Springiscoming.Theweatherisgetting_and_.(warm)5.Tom,JonandIboughtacomputereachlastweek.Johnsc
49、omputerismuch_thanTomsandmine.Itis_ofthethree.(expensive)6.Itisalittle_todaythanyesterday.(wet)7.MrsBrownismuch_thanshewastwoyearsago.(healthy)8.Whichdoyoulike_,basketball,volleyball,orfootball?(well)largerthelargestoldoldertheoldestwellbetterwarmerwarmermoreexpensivethemostexpensivewetterhealthierb
50、est1.Beijingersaretrue_totheworld.(friend)2.Look!How_Kittyislaughing!(happy)3.IthinkJulyis_thananyothermonthinourcountry.(hot)4.Shealwayslistenstotheteacher_inclass.(care)5.Theparkisoneofthe_parksinBeijing.(beautiful)6.ShespeaksEnglish,butnotas_ashisbrother.(good)7.Iwas_bythe_sound.(frightened,frigh
51、tening)8.Themusicsounds_.(beautiful,beautifully)9.Dontmakesomuchnoise,oryouwillwakeupthe_boy.(sleeping,asleep)10.Yesterdaysconcertwaswonderful.Iveneverheardsuchan_onebefore.(excited,exciting)PractisefriendlyhappilyhottercarefullymostbeautifulwellfrightenedfrighteningbeautifulsleepingexcitingThere be
52、 的结构肯定句：肯定句：Thereis/wasaThereare/were一般疑问句一般疑问句:Is/Wasthere?Yes,thereis/was.No,thereisnt/was.Arethere?Yes,thereare/were.No,therearent/werent.否定句：否定句：Thereisnt/wasnt.Therearent/werent.Therebe表示表示“存在有存在有”,即当我们告诉某人某事存在即当我们告诉某人某事存在(或不存或不存在在)常用这种结构。其中常用这种结构。其中there是引导词是引导词,本身无词义本身无词义;be为谓语为谓语动词动词,后面跟的是名词
53、后面跟的是名词,也就是主语也就是主语,也就是说也就是说therebe结构的运结构的运用也就是倒装的具体运用。其真正的主语在用也就是倒装的具体运用。其真正的主语在therebe之后。之后。There be 的结构1.Some和和any一般情况下，一般情况下，some用于肯定句中，用于肯定句中，any用于否定句中。如：用于否定句中。如：Thereissomemilkinthebottle.Therearentanypicturesonthewall.Isthereanythingnewintodaysnewspaper?3.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：1)Whatsinthebasket?Therea
54、resomeeggsinit.2)Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?Therearefiftystudents.2.Be动词与后面所跟名词的就近原则：动词与后面所跟名词的就近原则：Thereisapenandtwopencilsinthebox.Therearesomestudentsandateacherintheclassroom.Practise1There_noteainthecupAisBareChasDbe2There_inthenextroomAisTomBaresomeboysCaretheyDistheboy3Thereissome_ont
55、heplateAappleBbreadCbananaDsandwich4There_somepaperandapenonthedeskAisBareChaveDhas5Theresgoingto_intomorrowsnewspapersAhavesomethingnewBhavenewsomethingCbesomethingnewDbenewsomething6Thereissomemilkinthebottle，_？AisntthereBarentthereCisntitDarethere7_isthereonthetable？AHowmanyapplesBHowmuchbreadCHo
56、wmuchbreadsDHowmanyfood8Thereis_oldwomaninthecarABaCtheDanABBACAAD9Theres_orangetreebehind_houseAan；theBa；aCthe；the10Thereis_mapintheclassroom_mapisonthewallAa；ABthe；TheCa；TheDthe；A11Thereis_“f”and_“u”intheword“four”Aan；aBa；aCan；anDa；an12There_notanywaterintheglassAhasBisCare13There_anappleandtenban
57、anasinthebasketYoucantakeanyofthemAareBisChasDhave14_anyflowersonbothsidesofthestreet？AIsthereBArethereCHasDHave15Thereislittlewaterintheglass，_？AisntthereBisntitCisitDisthere16There_somewaterinthebottleAareBisChasDhave17Howmany_arethereinyourclassroom？AdesksBdeskCchairDdoorACABBBDBA“Wh”的疑问句1.What1)
58、Whatsthis/that?2)Whatsyourname?3)Whatareyoudoing?4)Whatdoyoulike/need?5)Whatdidyoudo?6)Whatishisjob?7)Whatdoyouusuallydoattheweekends?8)Whatareyougoingtodo?9)Whatcolourisit?10)Whatstheweatherlike?11)Whattimeisit?Whatsthetime?12)Whatdayisit?Whatsthedate?13)Whatwouldyoulike?13)Whatcanyousee?14)Whatsub
59、jectsdoyouhavethisterm?15)Whatlessonsdoyouhaveinthemorning?“Wh”的疑问句2.How1)Howareyou?2)Howoldareyou?3)Howdowegotothepark?4)Howmanyapplescanyousee?5)Howmucharethey?6)Howabout?7)Howdoyouspendyourweekends?8)Howfar?Howlong?Howoften?3.WhoWhoisthat?Whosthatboyin/with?“Wh”的疑问句4.Whose1)Whoseisthisbike?2)Whos
60、ebikeisthis?3)Whosebagisbigger,yoursormine?5.Which1)Whichone?2)Whichislonger,yoursormine?3)Whichseasondoyoulikebest?6.Where1)Whereisthebook?2)Whereareyoufrom?7.WhyWhy?1.TomvisitstheScienceMuseumeveryyear.2.ThebuildingnearthefactoryisthePeopleshospital.3.Jackdidwellinmaths.4.Itscloudytoday.5.Mymother
61、isover40yearsold.6.IusuallytakeNo.4bustowork.7.Wehaveaclassmeetingonceaweek.WhatdoesTomvisiteveryyear?WhichbuildingisthePeopleshospital?HowdidJackdoinmaths?Whatstheweatherliketoday?Howoldisyourmother?Whichbusdoyouusuallytaketowork?Howoftendoyouhaveaclassmeeting?Practise8.Thecoatis388yuan.9.UncleWang
62、feelsbetternow.10.Hegoestoschoolbybus.11.Theyarecleaningtheirclassroomnow.12.Theyareonthelake.13.XiaoWangislookingforhisteacher.14.Tomsmotherisamusicteacher.15.Igotoworkateight.Howmuchisthecoat?HowdoesUncleWangfeelnow?Howdoeshegotoschool?Whataretheydoingnow?Wherearethey?WhoisXiaoWanglookingfor?WhatisTomsmothersjob?/WhatdoesTomsmotherdo?Whattimedoyougotowork?Practise
