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1、 定语从句定语从句 the Attributive Clause高一英语语法第一课时: 认识什么是定语从句（幻灯片）第二课时: 引导词的确定（幻灯片）第三课时: 巩固和提高（幻灯片）第四课时: when/where/why 引导的定语从句 （幻灯片30-43）第五课时: 介词前置的定语从句（幻灯片-4） 定语从句补充内容（幻灯片） 综合练习 （幻灯片）定语mybookaholidayof seven daysaseven-day holidaysomethingimportantagoodholidayacountrydeveloping fastatoyfactoryabookwritten
2、 by J.k. Rowlingadevelopingcountryabookto be publishedadevelopedcountryabookwhich was written by J.K. Rowling1.放在放在名词前名词前2.由单个的由单个的代词代词/数数词词/形容词形容词/名词名词/-ing/-ed来充当来充当1.放在放在名词或代词后名词或代词后2.由由介词结构形容词介词结构形容词-ing结构结构-ed结构结构todo结构结构句子句子来充当来充当前置定语前置定语后置定语后置定语定语1. 1. 用来修饰某个名词或代词的成分用来修饰某个名词或代词的成分2. 2. 可以放在名词
3、之前；也可以放在可以放在名词之前；也可以放在名词或代词之后名词或代词之后3. 3. 在翻译时通常带有一个在翻译时通常带有一个“的的”定语从句定语从句1. 1. 当定语成分由一个句子来充当时，当定语成分由一个句子来充当时，这个句子就叫定语从句，即用一个句这个句子就叫定语从句，即用一个句子去修饰另一个句子中的某个名词或子去修饰另一个句子中的某个名词或代词代词2. 2. 通常紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词后通常紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词后ThisisabookwhichwaswrittenbyJ.K.Rowling3. 3. 定语从句的定语从句的必备两要素必备两要素Thisisabookwhichwaswr
4、ittenbyJ.K.Rowling先行词（名词或代词）先行词（名词或代词）引导词引导词（that/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why）1.Youaretherightmanwhomwearelookingfor.2.Ivespentallthemoneywhichwasgivenbymyparents.3.IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheparty.4.Thisisthefactorywherethemachinesaremade.找出定语从句；找出定语从句两要素找出定语从句；找出定语从句两要素现在你认识定语从句了吗
5、？从书本页课文中找出所有的定语从句从书本页课文中找出所有的定语从句 But one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. The number of people who were killed of injured reached more than 400 000. another big qu
6、ake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.1.Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto?2.Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaugh
7、atyou?3.Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearly25monthsbeforetheywerediscovered?4.Natureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.5.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice.6.Alllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.Revision of the last period7.Somepeoplewholiveinthemountainsofe
8、asternUSAspeakwithanolderkindofEnglishdialect.8.Sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.9.NowIknowthattheproperwayisalwaysherway.10.Wefoundalargeatlaswithgoodmapswhichshoweddetailsofworldgeography.11.(Haveyoueverseensnowmenridebicycles?)Thatswhatwelookedlike.12.WewillreachDalisoon,whereourcousinsw
9、illjoinus.定语从句考点 (一)引导词的确定方法一：根据先行词 先行词先行词引导词引导词人物人的物的时间地点who / whom / thatwhich / thatwhosewhen / which / thatwhere / which / that原因why / which / thatwho主宾表主宾表whom-宾宾that主宾表主宾表which-主宾主宾whose定定(后通常加名词或代词后通常加名词或代词)when时间状语时间状语where地点状语地点状语why原因状语原因状语方法一：根据先行词结论：根据先行词只能确定引导词的大致范围，但不能最终确定是哪一个，因此，光用方法一
10、行不通方法二：还原法把先行词还原到定语从句中去把先行词还原到定语从句中去,看看看看是放在主语，宾语，表语还是状语的是放在主语，宾语，表语还是状语的位置上，最终来确定引导词位置上，最终来确定引导词例一：例一：Thestudents_dontstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam._dontstudyhard.Thestudents主语，而且指人主语，而且指人who/that例二：例二：Thewoman_yousawintheparkisourChineseteacher.yousaw_ inthepark.thewoman宾语，而且指人宾语，而且指人(whom/who/that)
11、注意：如果先行词还原到定语从句中，充当的是宾语,那么可以把引导词省略方法二：还原法结论：行得通，而且能保证正确率，但必须建立在方法一的基础上3.Doyouknowtheboy_legwasbrokenwhenhefelloutofatree?4.Thisistheboy_sisterisafamoussinger.5.Theletter_Ireceivedyesterdayisfrommybrother.6.Thefilm_wesawlastnightwaswonderful.7.Theman_washereaminuteagoismyuncle.whosewhose(which/that)(
12、which/that)who/that8.Thetrain_wasgoingtoGuangdongwaslate.9.Thebook_heisreadingisveryinteresting.10.Theyllneverforgetthedays_theyspentinthecountryside.11.Theyllneverforgetthedays_theystudiedtogether.which/that(which/that)(which/that)when定语从句的巩固和提高定语从句的巩固和提高Name：LiuXiangmajor：110-meterhurdleGraduatedf
13、rom：EastChinaTeachersCollegeBirthday：July13,1983birthplace：ShanghaiFavoritesport：ping-pongFavoritesportsman：MichaelJordanShortcoming：hatedtogotoschoolHobby：singingFavoritesinger：DavidTaoLiuXiang_broketheworldrecordin2004.讲义练习讲义练习I,练习练习III引导词的特殊情况引导词的特殊情况Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.Ivere
14、adallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。等不定代词时。(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时等修饰时(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelas
15、t修饰时。修饰时。只能用只能用thatthat不能用不能用whichwhich的情况的情况(5)先行词指人又指事物先行词指人又指事物Theytalkedaboutthepeopleandthings(that)theymetatcollege.只能用只能用whichwhich不能用不能用thatthat的情况的情况(1)非限定性定语从句，即有逗号隔开的定语从句非限定性定语从句，即有逗号隔开的定语从句ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichwas200kmaway.(2)以介词开头的定语从句以介词开头的定语从句,即介词前置的定语从句即介词前置的定语从句Thisistheroom_Chai
16、rmanMaooncelivedin.Thisistheroomin_ChairmanMaooncelived.(which/that)which(3)定语从句修饰的是前面整句话定语从句修饰的是前面整句话Hepassedtheexam,whichsurprisedeveryoneinourclass.when,where,why引导的定语从句引导的定语从句引导词引导词指代内容指代内容充当成分充当成分 whowhom thatwhichwhosewhenwherewhy人人主宾表主宾表人人宾宾人事物人事物主宾表主宾表事物事物主宾主宾人的事物的人的事物的时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语原因状语原因
17、状语时间时间地点地点原因原因定定(后通常加名词或代词后通常加名词或代词)初步感知初步感知P37Exercise21.Themineswhere I workedwere9kmfrommyhome.2.Thereasonwhy I got a jobwasbecauseofmyhardwork.3.Thetimewhen I joined the ANCwasthe5thofAugust.4.Thegovernmentbuildingwhere we votedwasverytall.5.Thedatewhen I arrivedwaslateatnight.1.Themines_ I work
18、edwere9kmfrommyhome.2.Thereason_ I got a jobwasbecauseofmyhardwork.3.Thetime_ I joined the ANCwasthe5thofAugust.4.Thegovernmentbuilding_ we votedwasverytall.5.Thedate_I arrivedwaslateatnight如何来确定引导词如何来确定引导词?如何来确定引导词如何来确定引导词?方法一：根据先行词方法一：根据先行词方法二：还原法方法二：还原法 (把先行词还原到定语从句中去把先行词还原到定语从句中去)例一：例一：Themines_
19、Iworkedwere9kmfrommyhome.Iworked_.inthemines地点状语地点状语where/inwhich例二：例二： Thereason_Igotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork.Igotajob_.forthereason原因状语原因状语why/forwhich例三：例三： ThetimeIjoinedtheANCwasthe5thofAugust.IjoinedtheANC_.atthetime时间状语时间状语when/atwhich例四：例四：Thegovernmentbuildingwevotedwasverytall.Wevoted_.i
20、nthebuilding地点状语地点状语where/inwhich例五：例五：ThedateIarrivedwaslateatnight.Iarrived_.onthedate时间状语时间状语when/onwhich1.Thetime_IfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.2.Theschool_Istudiedforonlytwoyearswas3kmaway.3.Theday_NelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.4.Thepartsoftown_theyhadtolivewer
21、edecidedbywhitepeople.5.Theplaces_theyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.when/atwhichwhere/inwhichwhen/onwhichwhere/inwhichwhere/inwhich1.AfterlivinginParisfor50yearshereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when2.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesepeoplethisyear,_forthef
22、irsttimetheirteamwontheWorldCup.A.thatB.whileC.whichD.whenDBIllneverforgettheday_weworkedtogether.when/onwhichIllneverforgettheday_wespenthappilytogether.which/that比较比较Weworkedtogetherontheday.Wespentthedayhappilytogether.1.Iwillalwaysrememberthehours_welivedtogether.Iwillalwaysrememberthehours_wesp
23、enttogether.2.Canyoustillthinkofthevillage_heonceworked?Canyoustillthinkofthevillage_heoncevisited?when/inwhich(which/that)where/inwhich(which/that)总结1.引导词的确定必须用还原法引导词的确定必须用还原法2.先行词还原后如果先行词还原后如果在它前面要加上一个介词在它前面要加上一个介词，那么说明它在定语从句中充当状语，通常用那么说明它在定语从句中充当状语，通常用“when/where/why”来引导来引导3.“when/where/why”通常可以替
24、换成通常可以替换成“介词介词which”(仅限于定语从句中仅限于定语从句中)4.如果先行词是表示如果先行词是表示“时间时间/地点地点/原因原因”的词的词,引引导词并不一定是导词并不一定是“when/where/why”，也有可能，也有可能是是“which/that”，介词前置的定语从句1.MandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.2.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.3.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.4
25、.Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.5.Heisamanofgreatexperience,fromwhommuchcanbelearned.6.Chapin,forwhommoneywasnownoproblem,startanewfilmcompanywithhisfriends.7.Antarctica,aboutwhichweknowverylittle,iscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.介词前置的定语从句1. 1. 考点一考点一：引导词引导词which, whomwhich, whom2. 2. 考点二：介词的
26、确定考点二：介词的确定方法：还原法先行词还原到定方法：还原法先行词还原到定语从句中去语从句中去,看看它与定语从句看看它与定语从句之间需要哪个介词来连接之间需要哪个介词来连接例一：例一：Mandelawastheblacklawyer_whomIwentforadvice. _whomIwentforadvice.Iwent_Mandelaforadvice.toto例二：例二： Itwasaprison_whichnooneescaped._whichnooneescaped.Nooneescaped_theprison.fromfromCAN YOU WORK THEM OUT?CAN YO
27、U WORK THEM OUT? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?1. The sun gives us heat and light, _ which we cant live.2. The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class.3. Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me.4. Who can give me the reason _ which he hasnt turned up yet?for aboutonw
28、ithout定语从句补充内容They live in a house, whose door opensto the south. whose可可以以转换为转换为“of+which”,即即whose+n.=the+n.+of+which=of+which+the+n.一一.whose引导的定语从句引导的定语从句Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopentothesouth.Lookout!Dontgettooclosetothehouse_roofisunderrepa
29、ir.A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.ofwhichthe二二.先行词是先行词是way,引导词通常是引导词通常是inwhich/that/省略省略_isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearth._isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearth.AsIt三三.as引导定语从句，通常以下面句引导定语从句，通常以下面句式出现式出现Asisknowntoall,Asweallknow,1.Ihaveborrowedmanybooks,manyof_areaboutmusic.2.Ihaveb
30、orrowedmanybooks,andmanyof_areaboutmusic.1.Thereare50studentsintheirclass,mostof_arefromTonglu.2.Thereare50studentsintheirclass,andmostof_arefromTonglu.whichthemwhomthem四四.有有and,but,so等连词连接的复合句等连词连接的复合句不不是定语从句，不需要用引导词去引导是定语从句，不需要用引导词去引导综合练习1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday.2. Is that
31、factory which your father once worked in?3. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.4. July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget._(去掉去掉)which_totheone5. I still remember the holidays I stayed with them.6. Im going to work in the hospital where needs me.7. Those that havent been to the West Lake will
32、 gather at the school gate.8. I dont like the way which you talked to your friend.inwhen_who_(that/which)9.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons.10. Soon they came to a farm house,and in front of which sat a small boy.11. We heard the news which our team won the game.12. The reason which
33、he explained it sounds reasonable._ that_that _whyit_13. Those at the desk want to buy tickets write down your names.14. That was the reason because she looked old.15. Taiwan, that we know, belongs to China.aswho_why16. The third place which we are going to visit is Hangzhou.17. Which is known to all, many satellite are going around in the sky.18. The students and things which you spoke of are known to us.that_Asthat_
