《Book2-Lesson4-Inaugural-Address-PPT优秀课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Book2-Lesson4-Inaugural-Address-PPT优秀课件（81页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Unit 4 Inaugural Address by John F. Kennedy Learning PointsnI.BackgroundknowledgenII.TypeofLiteraturenIII.TextStructurenIV.DetailedStudyoftheTextI. Background Knowledgen1.JohnFKennedyn2.Inaugurationn3.ColdwarperiodI. Background KnowledgenOnNovember22,1963,JohnFitzgeraldKennedywaskilledinDallas,Texas
2、.nKennedywastheyoungestmanelectedPresident;hewastheyoungesttodie.I. Background KnowledgenOfIrishdescent,hewasborninBrookline,Massachusetts,onMay29,1917.nGraduatingfromHarvardin1940,heenteredtheNavy.I. Background KnowledgenBackfromthewar,hebecameaDemocraticCongressmannHemarriedJacquelineBouvieronSept
3、ember12,1953.nIn1955,hewroteProfiles in Courage,whichwonthePulitzerPrizeinhistory.I. Background KnowledgenIn1956KennedyalmostgainedtheDemocraticnominationforVicePresident.nFouryearslaterwasafirst-ballotnomineeforPresident.nKennedybecamethefirstRomanCatholicPresident.I. Background KnowledgenHisInaugu
4、ralAddressofferedthememorableinjunction:Asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou-askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry.I. Background KnowledgenAsPresident,KennedysetouttoredeemhiscampaignpledgetogetAmericamovingagain.HiseconomicprogramslaunchedthecountryonitslongestsustainedexpansionsinceWorldWarII.Type of Literatu
5、renPoliticalSpeechwhichtriesto:-explain-convince-persuadeFeatures of the SpeechnAddressingoldfriendsfirstwithsweetestwordsandthenfoeswithsharpwords.nBeinglogicalandclearnEmployingrhetoricaldevicesandwordstocreatethedesiredemotionalimpactnUsingbiblicalstyledeliberatelyStructure of the SpeechnPart 1 P
6、aragraph1-5Generalintroductionorevaluationoftheinternationalsituationandgeneralstatementofbasicpolicygoals.Structure of the SpeechnPart 2Paragraph6-20Addressingdifferentcountriesanddeclaringdifferentpoliciestooldallies,thenewstatesandrivals.Structure of the SpeechnPart 3Para.21-27Appealingtobothhisf
7、ellowAmericansandfellowcitizensoftheworld.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 1nThinkBeforeYouRead1)WhatdoesKennedymeanby“avictoryofaparty,butacelebrationoffreedom”?2)Whatareanendandabeginningandrenewalandchangereferredtorespectively?3)Whosetdownthepresidentialoath?Detailed Text StudyParagraph 1nLanguagePo
8、intsparallelismWeobservetodaynotavictoryofpartybutacelebrationoffreedom,symbolizinganendaswellasabeginning,signifyingrenewalaswellaschange.repetitionof“aswellas”Detailed Text StudyParagraph 1nLanguagePointssolemnoathThepresidentialoathwhichwasprescribedintheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates:“Idosolemnly
9、swearthatIwillfaithfullyexecutetheOfficeofPresidentoftheUnitedStates,andwilltothebestofmyability,preserve,protectanddefendtheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates.”Detailed Text StudyParagraph 2nThinkBeforeYourRead1)WhydidKennedythattheworldisverydifferentnow?2)Whatarethedifferencesdoeshehaveinmind?Doyouagr
10、eewithhim?3)Whatbeliefisstillatissuearoundtheglobe?Detailed Text StudyParagraph 2nLanguagePointsTheworldisverydifferentnow.Manhasmadegreatprogressinscienceandtechnologysohehasthepowertoabolishpoverty,buthealsohasthepowertodestroyhumanlife.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 2nLanguagePointsTherightsofmanco
11、menotfromthegenerosityofthestatebutfromthehandofGod.ItreferstoapassageintheAmerican Declaration of Independence:“Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithcertainunalienableRightsthatamongtheseareLife,LibertyandthepursuitofHappiness.”Detailed Tex
12、t StudyParagraph 2natissue:indispute;stilltobedecidedEx.“Manypeoplefailtograspwhatisreallyatissuehere”(GailSheehy)Detailed Text StudyParagraph 3nThinkBeforeYouRead1)WhatdoesKennedymeanbysaying“heirsofthatfirstRevolution”?2)Whatsthefigurativemeaningoftouch?3)WhomdoesKennedyregardasfriendsandwhomdoesh
13、econsidertobefoes?4)WhatarethenewgenerationsofAmericanslike?Detailed Text StudyParagraph 3nLanguage Pointsalliteration:TofriendandfoealikeInsimpleEnglishitcanbechangedinto:“tomyfriendsandenemies”Detailed Text StudyParagraph 3nLanguagePointsparallelism:AnewgenerationofAmericans,borninthiscentury,temp
14、eredbywar,disciplinedbyahardandbitterpeace.Temperedbywar:TheAmericansofthe20thcenturyfoughttwoworldwars,sotheyarewelltempered.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 3nLanguagePointsDisciplined:receivedtrainingthatdevelopedself-controlandcharacterHardandbitterpeace:peacebutcoldwarDetailed Text StudyParagraph 4
15、nLanguagePointsparallelismWeshallpayanyprice,bearanyburden,meetanyhardship,supportanyfriend,andopposeanyfoetoassurethesurvivalandthesuccessofliberty.repetitionof“any”Detailed Text StudyParagraph 4alliterationWeshallpayanyprice,bearanyburdenToassurethesurvivalandthesuccessoflibertyThisparagraphisaddr
16、essedtofriendandfoeatthesametime.Itpromisestosupportanyfriendandtoopposeanyfoe.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 5nLanguagePointsnThismuchwepledgeandmore.nParaphrase:Wepromisetodothismuchandwepromisetodomore.nItisaone-sentenceparagraphthatfunctionsasatransitionfromthegeneraltothespecific.Inthefollowingpa
17、ragraphshewillbeaddressingdifferentspecificgroupsofnations.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 6nThinkBeforeYouReadn1)WhatpromisedidKennedygivetotheoldallies?n2)Findouttheantithesesinthisparagraph.n3)Explainthelastsentence.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 6nalliterationnWepledgetheloyaltyoffaithfulfriends.nant
18、ithesisnUnited,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofco-operativeventures.Divided,thereislittlewecando.nParaphrase:Ifweareunited,wecandoalotofthingsinjointventures.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 6nLanguagePointsnatodds:indisagreement;quarrelingnSplitasunder:splitapart;disunitednEx.n“Theartistandtheself-crit
19、ic.are,withafewfelicitousexceptions,foreveratodds”Detailed Text StudyParagraph 6nSummarynInthisparagraphKennedyaddressesthewhiteEuropeancountriesingeneralbuthiswordsarespecificallydirectedtotheEnglishspeakingAnglo-Saxoncountries,suchasBritain,Canada,Australia,withwhomtheUnitedStatessharesacommoncult
20、uralandspiritualheritage.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 7nThinkBeforeYouReadn1)WhatdoesKennedymeanbynewstatesandirontyranny?n2)Studythemetaphorridingthebackofthetiger.n3)Explainendupinside.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 7nLanguage Pointsnalliteration:nOneformofcolonialcontrolshallnothavepassedaway.nWesh
21、allalwayshopetofindthemstronglysupportingtheirownfreedom.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 7nLanguagePointsnmetaphornThosewhofoolishlysoughtpowerbyridingthebackofthetigerendedupinside.nItimpliesthatthosecountriesthatfoolishlyseektheaidofsocialistcountrieswillendupbylosingtheirindependenceasmanyothercount
22、riesdidinthepast.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 7nLanguagePointsnKennedyaddressesthegovernmentsandpeopleofthenewlyindependentcountries,thethirdworlddevelopingcountries.HepromisestogivethemeconomicaidbutwarnsthemnottogoovertotheCommunists.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 8nThinkBeforeYouReadn1)Whatfigureof
23、speechcanyoufindinthehutsandvillage?n2)Whoaretheyreferredto?WhydidKennedywanttohelpthem?n2)Howdoyouunderstandthelastsentence?Detailed Text StudyParagraph 8nLanguage Pointsnalliteration:nbreakthebondsofmassmiserynrepetition:nWepledgeourbesteffortstohelpthemhelpthemselves,forwhateverperiodisrequired,n
24、otbecausetheCommunistsmaybedoingit,notbecauseweseektheirvotes,butbecauseitisright.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 8npeoplesinthehutsandvillages:thepoorandbackwardpeopleinAfricaandAsiastrugglingtofreethemselvesfrompovertyandsufferingnhelpthemhelpthemselves:Wewillhelpthemonlyiftheyalsodotheirbit.nantithe
25、sis:nIfafreesocietycannothelpthemanywhoarepoor,itcannotsaventhefewwhoarerich.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 8nParaphrase:Ifthepoorarecontinuouslyexploitedandoppressed,theywillriseupsomedayandoverthrowthe“freesociety”of“thefewwhoarerich.”nKennedywantspeopletobelievethattheUnitedStatesrendersunselfishan
26、ddisinterestedaidtocountriesthatneedit.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 9nThinkBeforeYouReadn1)WhatishisstatedpolicytowardsLatinAmerica?n2)Explainandtranslate“toconvertourgoodwordsintogooddeeds”.n3)Payattentiontothemetaphorin“prey”ofthehostilepowers!n4)Explainanothermetaphorinthelastsentence.Detailed Te
27、xt StudyParagraph 9nLanguage Pointsnrepetition:nToconvertourgoodwordsintogooddeedsnToassistfreemenandfreegovernmentsnmetaphor:nButthispeacefulrevolutionofhopecannotbecomethepreyofhostilepowers.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 9nParaphrasenWewillnotallowanyenemycountrytosubvertthispeacefulrevolutionthatb
28、ringshopeofprogresstoallourcountries.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 9nAndleteveryotherpowerknowthatthishemisphereintendstoremainthemasterofitsownhouse.nParaphrase:Andleteverycountryknowthenationsofthishemispherewillnottolerateanyinterferenceintheiraffairsbycountriesoutsidethishemisphere.Detailed Text
29、StudyParagraph 9nSummarynKennedyaddressesallthecountrieslyingtothesouthoftheUnitedStatesinCentralandSouthAmerica.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 10nThinkBeforeYouReadn1)AccordingtoKennedy,whatisourage(modernage)like?n2)Translate“wheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefaroutpacedtheinstrumentsofpeace”.n3)WhatsKenn
30、edysmessagetotheU.N.?n4)Explainthelastsentence.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 10nLanguage Pointsnparallelism:nWerenewourpledgeofsupporttopreventitfrombecomingmerelyaforumforinvective,tostrengthenitsshieldofthenewandtheweak,andtoenlargetheareainwhichitswritmayrun.nInvective:aviolentverbalattack;strongc
31、riticism,insults,curses,etc.nWrit:aformalwrittendocument;hereitreferstotheUnitedNationsCharter.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 10nLanguagePointsnmetaphornTostrengthenitsshieldofthenewandtheweaknParaphrase:tostrengthenthepoweroftheUnitedNationstoprotectthenewlyindependentandtheweaknations.Detailed Text
32、StudyParagraph 10nLanguagePointsnrepetition:nOurlastbesthopeinanagewheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefaroutpacedtheinstrumentsofpeace.nParaphrase:TheUnitedNationsisourlastandbesthopeofsurvivalinanagewheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefarsurpassedtheinstrumentsofpeace.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 11nThinkBeforeYo
33、uReadn1)WhowasKennedyaddressing?n2)WhatwasKennedysrequesttohisadversary?n3)Translatethesentence“Weoffernotself-destruction”.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 11nLanguage Pointsnwouldmakethemselvesouradversary:Thisphrasethrowstheblameforconfrontationandworldtensionontheotherparty.Itstheothersidethatischal
34、lengingtheU.S.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 11nLanguagePointsnBeforethedarkpowersofdestructionunleashedbyscienceengulfallhumanityinplannedoraccidentalself-destructionnParaphrase:beforetheterribleresultcausedbyscienceoverwhelmedmankindDetailed Text StudyParagraph 11nKennedyaddresseshisenemy.Hepointsou
35、tthedestructivepowerofawarandputsforwardproposalsforarmscontrolnegotiation,cooperationinfieldsofscienceandspaceexploration.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 12nThinkBeforeYouReadn1)SumupthepolicythatKennedysaysheintendstopursuetowardsthosenationswhomheconsiderstobe“ouradversary”.Detailed Text StudyParagr
36、aph 12nLanguage Pointsninversion:nOnlywhenourarmsaresufficientbeyonddoubtcanwebecertainbeyonddoubtthattheywillneverbeemployed.nParaphrase:Ifwearestrongourenemywillnotdaretoattackus.Hence,ourmilitarymightwillneverbeemployed.nrepetitionof“beyonddoubt”Detailed Text StudyParagraph 13nThinkBeforeYouReadn
37、1)Whatarethetwoandpowerfulgroupsofnations?n2)Whatarethetwogroupsworriedabout?n3)Whataretheyreallydoing?n4)ExplainstaythehandDetailed Text StudyParagraph 13nLanguagePointsnLanguage PointsnparallelismnBothsidesoverburdenedbythecostofmodernweapons,bothrightlyalarmedbythesteadyspreadofthedeadlyatomnAlli
38、terationof“steadyspread”Detailed Text StudyParagraph 13nLanguagePointsnsynecdoche:nBothracingtoalertthatuncertainbalanceofterrorthatstaysthehandofmankindsfinalwar.Paraphrase:Bothgroupsofnationsaretryingtochangeasquicklyaspossiblethisuncertainbalanceofterriblemilitarypowerthatrestrainseachgroupfromla
39、unchingmankindsfinalwar.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 15nThinkBeforeYouReadn1)Identifytheparallelstructureinthisparagraph.n2)Whatsthemeaningofthewordcivility?n3)Translatethelastsentence.n4)Inparagraph15,explainexplore,belabor.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 15nLanguage PointsnAntithesisnLetbothsidesexpl
40、orewhatproblemsuniteusinsteadofbelaboringthoseproblemswhichdivideus.nParaphrase:Letustrytofindoutwhereweagreeandwherewecancooperateandworktogetherinsteadofwastingourtimesquabblingoverthingswedisagreeon.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 16nThinkBeforeYouReadn1)WhatproposaldidKennedymake?n2)Noticetherepeti
41、tionofwordsabsolute,isthefirstdifferentfromthesecondinmeaning?n3)Translatethelastsentence.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 16nLanguage Pointsnalliteration:nPreciseproposalsfortheinspectionnrepetition:nBringtheabsolutepowertodestroyothernationsundertheabsolutecontrolofallnations.Detailed Text StudyParagr
42、aph 16nKennedyishereproposingthecontrolandlimitationofnuclearweaponsandalsointernationalinspectionoftheirproductionanddeployment.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 17nThinkBeforeYouReadn1)Whatsthemainideaofthisparagraph?n2)Explainthefirstsentence.n3)Explaintheseverbs:explore,conquer,eradicate,tapandencour
43、ageDetailed Text StudyParagraph 17nLanguage PointsnLetbothsidesseektoinvokethewondersofscienceinsteadofitsterrors.nParaphrase:Letbothsidestrytocallforththewonderfulthingsthatsciencecandoformankindinsteadofthefrightfulthingsitcando.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 17nLanguagePointsnParallelismnTogetherle
44、tusexplorethestars,conquerthedeserts,eradicatedisease,taptheoceandepthsandencouragetheartsandcommerce.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 18nThinkBeforeYouReadn1) Howdoyouunderstandundotheheavyburdens?Detailed Text StudyParagraph 18nLanguage PointsnMetaphornAbeachheadofcooperationmaypushbackthejungleofsusp
45、icion.nParaphrase:Alittlebitofcorporationcanlessenthedeepsuspicionthatexistsonbothsides.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 18nHereitisaconcreteproposaltostopthearmsraceandtobuildajustandpeacefulworldwheredisputescanbesettledpeacefullythroughdiscussionorlegalmeansandnotbyforce.Detailed Text StudyParagraph
46、20nThinkBeforeYouReadn1)Whatdoesahundreddaysalludeto?Detailed Text StudyParagraph 20nLanguage PointsnAllthiswillnotbefinishedinthefirstonehundreddays.nParaphrase:Allthiswillnotbefinishedinaveryshorttime.nAhundreddays:alludingperhapstothefirsthundreddaysofFranklinD.Rooseveltspresidency.Duringthefamou
47、s“hundreddays”(March-June,1933),RooseveltsadministrationrushedthroughCongressafloodofanti-depressionmeasures.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 24nThinkBeforeYouReadn1)WhatmethoddidKennedyusetoincreasethesenseofurgency?n2)Explainthefigurativemeaningofthelastsentence“fireandglow”.Detailed Text StudyParagra
48、ph 24nLanguage PointsnexaggerationnOnlyafewgenerationshavebeengrantedtheroleofdefendingfreedominitshourofmaximumdanger.nParaphrase:Peopleshouldfeelproudthattheyhavebeengiventhisopportunitytodefendfreedomwhentherewasthegreatestdangeroflosingit.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 24nmetaphornTheenergy,thefai
49、th,thedevotionwhichwebringtothisendeavorwilllightourcountryandallwhoserveit,andtheglowfromthatfirecantrulylighttheworld.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 24nParaphrase:Theenergy,thefaithandthedevotionthattheAmericansbringtothistaskwillinspirenotonlytheUnitedStatesandherpeoplebutalsothewholeworld.Detailed
50、 Text StudyParagraph 24nFromthisparagraphtotheendofthespeech,KennedyappealstohisfellowAmericanstosupporthimandtobereadytodoeverythingtheycan,eventosacrificetheirlivesifnecessary,fortheircountry.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 25nLanguagePointsnAntithesis:nAsknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou;askwhatyoucand
51、oforyourcountry.nThissentenceisperhapstheonemostquotedfromKennedysspeech.Detailed Text StudyParagraph 27nLanguagePointsnrepetitionnWhetheryouarecitizensofAmericaorcitizensoftheworldnalliterationnThesamehighstandardsofstrengthandsacrificeDetailed Text StudyParagraph 27nBiblicalstylenLetusgoforthtolea
52、dthelandwelove,askingHisblessingknowingthathereonearthGodsworkmusttrulybeourown.nParaphrase:withGodsblessing,letusstartleadingthecountrywelove,knowingthatonearthwemustdowhatGodwantsustodo.Comprehension Questionsn1.CiteexamplestoshowthatKennedyisveryparticularandcarefulinhischoiceanduseofwords.n2.Ist
53、headdresswellorganized?Commentontheorderinwhichheaddressedallthedifferentgroupsofnationsandpeople.Comprehension Questionsn3.IsKennedysargumentandpersuasionbasedmainlyonfactsandlogicoronanappealtoemotions?Wouldthistypeofspeechbesuccessfulonalloccasions?n4.Isthetoneandmessagesuitedtothedifferentgroupsheaddresses?Giveyourreasons.ENDEnjoyYourLearning!
