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1、Specialized English2021/5/231Differences between specialized and general English Different purposesFor specialized purposeto obtain the most recent information to publish the research results either by writing a paper or giving an oral presentation Different learning methodsread as many English refe
2、rences as possibleattend as much as seminar as possibletry to compose research papers/reports in EnglishDifferent contentsSpecial vocabularies and terms2021/5/232Grammatical characteristics of specialized English1) 客观（客观（Objectivity)the present tense, past tense or perfect tensethe passive voice or
3、impersonal subjecte.g. It was started in 1969,when the U.S. Department of Defense established a nationwide network to connect a handful of universities and contractors. (past tenses)2021/5/2332) 简洁（简洁（Conciseness）nonfinite verbs: Gerund, participle (past, present) , infinitivenoun phrasee.g.1. Many
4、different schemes for performing these three functions (sampling, quantizing and coding) have evolved during recent years. (gerund)2.Consequently there is an inherent advantage for overcoming noisy environment by choosing digital transmission. (gerund)3. Television is the transmission and reception
5、of images of moving objects by radio waves.2021/5/2344.The signal received from a satellite, located in far outer space, is very weak. (past participle)5. Most other forms of transmission systems convey the message information using shape or level of the transmitted signal. (present participle)6. Et
6、hernet hubs and switches provide an easy and inexpensive means to provide more bandwidth to workstations. (infinitive)2021/5/2353) 准确（准确（Accuracy)long sentences -exceedingly informativeconditional sentences - accurate descriptione.g. 1.If the number of the messages in the set is finite then this num
7、ber or any monotonic function of this number can be regarded as a measure of the information produced when one message is chosen from the set, all choice being equally likely.2021/5/2364) “无生命主语及物动词宾语（宾语补足语）无生命主语及物动词宾语（宾语补足语）”e.g. Chapter 6 provides a basic introduction to the ideas of sequences, se
8、ries and limits.5) 常用常用it作为形式主语或宾语作为形式主语或宾语e.g. 1) It has been proved that induced voltage causes a current to flow in opposition to the force producing it.2) The invention of radio has made it possible for mankind to communicate with each other over a long distance.2021/5/2376) 尽量用紧缩型尽量用紧缩型状语从句状语从句
9、而不用完整句而不用完整句e.g. While designed primarily for use by engineering students, it is believed that the book is also highly suitable for students of the physical sciences and applied mathematics.7) 割裂修饰比较普遍（包括短语或从句被分隔）割裂修饰比较普遍（包括短语或从句被分隔）e.g. It is hoped that this provision, together with the large numbe
10、r of worked examples and style of presentation, also makes the book suitable for private or directed study.（主谓分离）（主谓分离）2021/5/2388) 较多使用祈使语气较多使用祈使语气e.g. Let the forward-pass transfer function be given by the linear difference equation.9) 句中并列成分（各种并列短语、单词或从句）较句中并列成分（各种并列短语、单词或从句）较多多e.g. Radar has cer
11、tain inherent advantages over detection systems employing light waves: 1) has greater range, 2) it is usable in any weather and in day or night, and 3) the electronic circuitry and components for transmitting, receiving, amplifying, detecting and measuring are high developed.2021/5/239专业英语词汇的构成专业英语词
12、汇的构成World-building派生法（派生法（Derivation）复合法（复合法（Composition）转化法（转化法（Conversion）拼缀法（拼缀法（Blending）缩略法（缩略法（Shorting）2021/5/2310Derivationa- : asynchronous, asymmetryanti-: clockwise-anti-clockwiseco-: relation-correlation operation-cooperationdis-: advantage-disadvantage cover-discover able-disableen-: en
13、able, enlargeem-: embed, embody2021/5/2311im- : possible-impossible balance-imbalanceil-: legible-illegible legal-illegalin-: correct-incorrect capable-incapableir-: regular-irregular relevant-irrelevantinter-:change-interchange interface internet interact2021/5/2312mis- : miscount mistakeMulti-,pol
14、y-: multipurpose, multicarrier polynomial(binomial)non-: linear-nonlinear effective-noneffectivepost-: postfix postgraduatepre-: prefix, preface, predictre-: retell, readjust reflect, react, reverse2021/5/2313sub: set-subset subscript subroutinesuper-: superscript superconductor superpositionsym-,sy
15、n-: synchronous symmetrytele-: telephone,telegraph,telescope2021/5/2314trans-: transmitter, transform transverseultra-: ultraspeed: ultraviolet ultraviolet ray ultrasonic2021/5/2315semi-: semiconductormono-: monotonebi-, di-, ambi-, twi-: tri-: triangle, trifoldquadr-: quadrangle quadri-phase 2021/5/2316audi-auto-fold-proof-ology2021/5/2317部分资料从网络收集整理而来，供大家参考，感谢您的关注！
