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1、上海乐派思国际教育上海乐派思国际教育 小学英语阅读方法指导小学英语阅读方法指导 热线：热线：18903522375上海乐派思国际教育 阅读理解阅读理解 5步解题法步解题法 解题技巧：解题技巧：5 5步解题法步解题法第一步：第一步：先看问题，画出题干中关键词，再读原文。先看问题，画出题干中关键词，再读原文。先看问题，带着问题去原文里找答案，题干先看问题，带着问题去原文里找答案，题干关键词包括关键词包括数字、人名、地名、专有名词、引号里的词数字、人名、地名、专有名词、引号里的词等等，这样比较有目的性。现在问题的形式也比较灵活，有单选，有判断正误。先了解问题具体是哪种形式，在阅读原文的时候才更有针对
2、性寻找答案。第二步：第二步：通读全文，抓住重点信息通读全文，抓住重点信息在阅读原文的时候一定不要一句一句的看，一句一句的理解。如果遇上生词，先不要管它，略过生词。通读全文，首先要做的仔细阅读通读全文，首先要做的仔细阅读首末句弄清文章中心思想。首末句弄清文章中心思想。读完一遍能够大概明白文章（1）讲了一）讲了一件什么事件什么事。在阅读的过程中还要（2）注意抓住重点）注意抓住重点，（3）出现了哪）出现了哪些人物些人物，（4）提到了什么时间，（）提到了什么时间，（5）说到了哪个地点）说到了哪个地点，（6）发生）发生了什么事情了什么事情，（7）有哪些关键词）有哪些关键词（最好能用笔在原文中做个记号，因
3、为后面的问题一般都和这些关键词相关）。有效信息有效信息：即谁谁、什么什么事事、什么时间什么时间、什么地点什么地点、什么原什么原因以及如何发生因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字具体的数字。遇到生词，大胆猜词，掌握大概的意思遇到生词，大胆猜词，掌握大概的意思在阅读理解题中，有些句子中的单词（生词）不知道是什么在阅读理解题中，有些句子中的单词（生词）不知道是什么意思，我们可以通过猜测单词的意思对通篇文章进行理解，意思，我们可以通过猜测单词的意思对通篇文章进行理解，猜测单词的方法有：猜测单词的方法有：（1 1）根据上下文的意思进行猜测）根据上下文的意思进行猜测（2 2）根据单词的构成进行猜测。）根据单
4、词的构成进行猜测。（3 3）根据在句子中的位置给单词归类、分类）根据在句子中的位置给单词归类、分类 进行猜测进行猜测（4 4）判断其是名词、动词、形容词、副词或其他词类。）判断其是名词、动词、形容词、副词或其他词类。第三步：定位原文，解剖句子第三步：定位原文，解剖句子 定位原文，解剖句子，就是在读完一遍定位原文，解剖句子，就是在读完一遍文章的基础上，再文章的基础上，再看看一遍一遍问题问题。带着题干。带着题干中的中的关键词关键词迅速迅速回原文定位回原文定位，找出这个问，找出这个问题出现在原文的第几段第几行。需要注意题出现在原文的第几段第几行。需要注意一点，出题的顺序由于高度一致，所以一一点，出题
5、的顺序由于高度一致，所以一定要在文章当中找到出处。许多考生由于定要在文章当中找到出处。许多考生由于找不到出处，只能凭第一遍的印象去猜答找不到出处，只能凭第一遍的印象去猜答案，显然会影响答题的准确性。案，显然会影响答题的准确性。第四步：比较选项定答案第四步：比较选项定答案 在读懂文章句子的基础上，再次回到问在读懂文章句子的基础上，再次回到问题上来，认真题上来，认真品读品读ABCD四个选项中哪一个四个选项中哪一个与原文与原文的意思是的意思是对应对应的。的。 反复阅读，仔细查找答案，深刻理解反复阅读，仔细查找答案，深刻理解读读3-43-4遍，这样对理解全文是非常有帮助的。遍，这样对理解全文是非常有帮
6、助的。 （1 1）第一次阅读）第一次阅读快速阅读，初步把握内容，了解大意，把那快速阅读，初步把握内容，了解大意，把那些能够直接找出答案的题做出来些能够直接找出答案的题做出来 （2 2）第二遍阅读）第二遍阅读细读，就要明白细读，就要明白原文具体说了一件什么事情原文具体说了一件什么事情，抓住主要内容和细节，标出关键词语，也可以先浏览题目和答案，明抓住主要内容和细节，标出关键词语，也可以先浏览题目和答案，明确要求后再看文章，然后选择答案确要求后再看文章，然后选择答案 。 （3 3）第三遍阅读）第三遍阅读，猜不知道意思的单词、不理解的句子、勾画重，猜不知道意思的单词、不理解的句子、勾画重点单词点单词
7、（4 4）第四遍通读全文）第四遍通读全文，对所做出的答案再确认一遍（检查是否对，对所做出的答案再确认一遍（检查是否对错？）。错？）。第五步：主旨态度最后做第五步：主旨态度最后做 假设在多个问题中，假设在多个问题中，第一问题第一问题就就涉及涉及“文章的中文章的中心思想，作者的写作意图或者作者的态度心思想，作者的写作意图或者作者的态度”此类问题此类问题时，建议考生时，建议考生先跳过别答先跳过别答。因为第一遍阅读文章时，。因为第一遍阅读文章时，只是掌握住文章的大意，对文章还没有一个比较全只是掌握住文章的大意，对文章还没有一个比较全面的了解。因此可以先完成其他问题，待做完其他面的了解。因此可以先完成其
8、他问题，待做完其他题目后再去做主旨题或是态度题，这样准确率会更题目后再去做主旨题或是态度题，这样准确率会更高。千万不要小看这一变化，这类题目做得正确与高。千万不要小看这一变化，这类题目做得正确与否有可能直接决定着其他选项的正误。否有可能直接决定着其他选项的正误。阅读理解两招快读文阅读理解两招快读文 第一招：未见文章，先知大意第一招：未见文章，先知大意 答题前，应先浏览每道题目的题干，获取有答题前，应先浏览每道题目的题干，获取有用信息，推知文章大意。用信息，推知文章大意。第二招：细读首末段，每段首末句第二招：细读首末段，每段首末句 文章的首末段和每段的首末句大多是文文章的首末段和每段的首末句大多
9、是文章主旨所在，因此必须仔细阅读，中间的各章主旨所在，因此必须仔细阅读，中间的各段一般只看首句即可，有时间的话可以看末段一般只看首句即可，有时间的话可以看末句。这样，我们就可以基本了解文章的大体句。这样，我们就可以基本了解文章的大体结构及文意了。结构及文意了。MissWhiteisaprimaryschoolteacher.Sheteachesmath.Sheisveryresponsible(负责)andshelovesallthestudents.Usuallyshegetsupat6:20inthemorning.Butthismorningshegetsupat5:40,because
10、sheisondutytoday.First,shegetsreadyforclassesathome,andthenshegoestoschoolat6:50.At7:00,shecomesbacktoschool.Thensheeatsbreakfastinthecanteen.At7:20,shestandsatthegate(大门)ofschoolandwaitforherstudentstocomebackschool.1、WhendoesMissWhiteusuallygetupinthemorning?2、WhydoesMissWhitegetupsoearlythismorni
11、ng?3、Wheredoessheeatbreakfast?4、WhatdoesMissWhitedo?5、Doesshegetreadyforclassesthismorning?训练训练1阅读理解阅读理解Ilikemyvillage.Therearemanymountainsnearmyvillage.Thereisariverinfrontofmyvillage.Thevillageisverybeautifulinspring.Themountainscomegreen.Therearemanytreesandflowers.Theflowersarecolourful.Therear
12、emanyducksinthecleanriver.Manyfishswimhappilyintheriver.ButIlikesummer.Itsnothot.Itsverycool.Doyoulikemyvillage?Welcometomyvillage.根据上文，判断正误，正确的用根据上文，判断正误，正确的用“”，错误的用，错误的用“”表示。表示。()1.Therearemanyhousesonthemountain.()2.Thesummeriscolorful.()3.Itsnothotinsummer.()4.Therearemanyfishintheriver.()5.Many
13、ducksareinriverinspring.训练训练2阅读理解阅读理解阅读短文，判断后面的句子是否与短文内容相符，相符的打阅读短文，判断后面的句子是否与短文内容相符，相符的打“”，不相符的打不相符的打“”。Hello!ImJohn.Iamapoliceman.Iworkatnight.Idrivemycarandgotoworkat9:00intheeveningeveryday.SoIeatdinnerat8:00.Igohomeat5:00inthemorning.Ieatbreakfastat5:30a.m.,thenIgotobed.Igetupat1:30intheafterno
14、on.UsuallyIeatlunchat2:00andreadsomebooksatabout2:30.Iliketoplaysportsfrom4:00to5:00.Ontheweekend,Iusuallygohikingwithmyfamily.()1.Johnisapolicewoman.()2.Johngoestoworkat9:00inthemorning.()3.Johngoeshomeat5:00intheafternoon.()4.Johnreadssomebooksintheeveningeveryday.()5.Johnusuallygoeshikingwithhisf
15、amilyontheweekend.训练训练3阅读理解阅读理解训练训练4阅读理解阅读理解Read and write “T” or “F”（阅读短文，判断正（阅读短文，判断正“T” 、误、误“F”）ItsSundaytoday。Itswarm.Theskyisblue.！Whatalovelyday!SomyclassmatesandIhaveapicnic.Wearehavingagoodtime!Look!WuLiandLiuPingarecatchingbutterflies.Thebutterfliesareverybeautiful.WangLeiiscollectingleaves
16、.Oh,whereisWangYing?Sheisinthewoods.Sheispickingupleaves.Shelikescollectingleaves,too.WhatamIdoing?HaHa!Iamtakingpicturesformyclassmates.Thepicturesareverybeautiful.Weareveryhappy!Ilikehavingapicnic.（）1.Itsverycoldtoday.（）2.WangYingisintheclassroom（）3.WangTaoandLiuHuaareplayingchess（）4.WuLeiiscounti
17、nginsects（）5.WuLeiandWangYinglikecollectingleaves训练训练5阅读理解阅读理解判断对错判断对错 ，正，正“T” “T” 、误、误“F”“F” Hello, Im Mr Black. Im an actor( Hello, Im Mr Black. Im an actor(演员演员). I eat dinner ). I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening. Then I go to work. I go home at at 7:00 in the evening. Then I go to work. I go h
18、ome at 8:00 in the morning. I eat breakfast at 8:20. Then I go to 8:00 in the morning. I eat breakfast at 8:20. Then I go to bed. I often get up at 12:00 at noon. I eat lunch at 12:30. bed. I often get up at 12:00 at noon. I eat lunch at 12:30. I play sports at about 3:00 in the afternoon. I watch T
19、V I play sports at about 3:00 in the afternoon. I watch TV and read books at 6:00. This is my day. Its busy. But I and read books at 6:00. This is my day. Its busy. But I like my day.like my day.( ) 1. I get up at 8:00 in the morning.( ) 1. I get up at 8:00 in the morning.( ) 2. I eat breakfast at 8
20、:20 in the morning.( ) 2. I eat breakfast at 8:20 in the morning.( ) 3. I have lunch at 12:30 noon. ( ) 3. I have lunch at 12:30 noon. ( ) 4. I go to bed at 9:00 in the evening. ( ) 4. I go to bed at 9:00 in the evening. ( ) 5. I dont like my day. ( ) 5. I dont like my day. 训练训练6阅读理解阅读理解Sun:Hello,Im
21、thesun.Imstrong.Igivelighttotheearth.ImNo.1.Moon:Hello,Imthemoon.AtnightGivelighttotheearth.Imstronger.ImNo.1Sun:Yourlightisfromme,isntit?Cloud:Dontquarrel.WhenIamovertheearth,youcantgivelighttotheearth.Soeveryonehashisstrongpoint.Weareonefamily.SunMoon:Yes,youreright.Weareonefamily.Weshouldhelpeach
22、otherandtakecareofeachother.根据短文内容判断正根据短文内容判断正(T)误误(F)()1.Thesungiveslighttotheearthatnight.()2.Themoongiveslighttotheearthatnight.()3.Thesunslightisnotfromtheearth.()4.Whenthecloudisovertheearth,thesuncangivelighttotheearth,too.()5.Theyshouldhelpeachother.训练训练7阅读理解阅读理解根据短文内容选择答案根据短文内容选择答案.Samisvery
23、goodatschool,butheisnotclean.Hisfaceandhandsareoftendirty.Hewashesthemwithwateronly.Hedoesnotusesoap(肥皂).Samhasanuncle.Onedayhisunclegoestoseehim.Helooksathimandsays,“Sam,Iknowwhatyouateforbreakfastthismorning.”“What?”Samlooksathisuncleandsays.“Eggs”sayshisuncle,“Yourfaceandmouthtellmethat.”“Youarew
24、rong,uncle!”saysSam,“Nottodayoryesterday,butthedaybeforeyesterday(前天)!”()(1).WhoisSam?A.HeisEnglish.B.Heisastudent.CHeisayoungpioneer.DHeisateacher.()(2)WhatstheChinesefor“dirty”?A.Its“脏的“.BIts“干净的”CIts“坏的“DIts“好的”()(3)WhatsonSamsfaceandmouth?AEggs.BSoapCWaterDBread()(4)Whichoftheseisnotwrong?ASamdo
25、esntwashhisfaceandhandseveryday.B.Theunclethinkstheboyateeggslastmorning.CSamdoesntlikeeggsatall.D.Samdoesntknowhisuncle.MissLeeisonlytwenty-one.Sheistallandthin,andshehasbrown,longhair.Shelikeschildrenandherteachingwork.FromMondaytoFridayshestaysatschoolandgivesthechildrenclasses.Shehasmuchworktodo
26、,butsheoftenplaysgameswithherstudentsafterschool.Thechildrenlikeherverymuch.OnSundayshedriveshercartoherfathershouseandstayswithherfatherandmother.SometimesshegoestoseeherfriendsonSunday.ShedrivesbacktoschoolonMondaymorning.Shelikessinging,dancingandswimming.Shesaniceteacher.根据短文的意思，选择正确的答案。根据短文的意思，
27、选择正确的答案。()1.MissLeeisa_teacher.A.verygoodB.veryoldC.goodEnglishD.goodChinese()2.Whichisright?_A.Shehasnoworktodoafterplayswiththechildren.B.SheplayswiththechildrenfromMondaytoFriday.C.Shelikesherstudentsandplaysgameswiththem.D.Shealways(总是)works,butdoesntplayatall.()3.Shegoesandseesherfriends_.A.eve
28、rydayB.onSundayC.onSaturdayD.onFriday()4.MissLeegoeshome_.A.inhercarB.onabusC.onfootD.byhercar()5.MissLeelikes_.A.drivingB.cookingC.runningD.teaching训练训练8阅读理解阅读理解 Today is Teachers Day. We dont go to school. Its sunny and Today is Teachers Day. We dont go to school. Its sunny and cool. We are having
29、 a good time with Miss Wang in a nature park. She cool. We are having a good time with Miss Wang in a nature park. She teaches us math. Shes strict and smart, we all like her. Look! Fang teaches us math. Shes strict and smart, we all like her. Look! Fang Fang and LingLing are singing and dancing. Bi
30、n Bin is picking flowers Fang and LingLing are singing and dancing. Bin Bin is picking flowers with Dong Dong. Ming Ming is watching a rabbit. Is the rabbit with Dong Dong. Ming Ming is watching a rabbit. Is the rabbit sleeping? Oh, no, its eating carrots. Miss Wang is cooking lunch for sleeping? Oh
31、, no, its eating carrots. Miss Wang is cooking lunch for us. Im helping her. Im washing vegetables and fruit. How happy we us. Im helping her. Im washing vegetables and fruit. How happy we are!are! 根据短文回答下列问题根据短文回答下列问题 1. Whats the date today? 1. Whats the date today? 2. Whos Miss Wang? 2. Whos Miss
32、 Wang? 3. What are Fang Fang and Ling Ling doing? 3. What are Fang Fang and Ling Ling doing? 4. Whats the rabbit doing? 4. Whats the rabbit doing? 5. Are they having a good time? 5. Are they having a good time? 训练训练9阅读理解阅读理解训练训练10阅读理解阅读理解MynameisAmy.ImfromCanada.Iusuallygetupat6:30,andIoftengohiking
33、ontheweekend.Ilikespringbest.Itswindyandwarm.AndIlikewinter,too.BecausemybirthdayisinDecember,andIcanplaywithsnow.Todaymyparentsaregoingshopping.Mybrotherisswinginginthegarden.ImwatchingTV.Doyouwanttobemyfriend?MyQQis408981124,andmytelephonenumberis6678115.1.Amyoftengoeshiking_.A.onSundayB.inspringC
34、.ontheweekend.2.WhichisAmysfavouriteseason?3.-WhydoesAmylikewinter?4.IsAmysbrothergoingshopping?5.WhatsAmystelephonenumber?训练训练11阅读理解阅读理解根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）Mike: Hello. This is Mike. Is that Wu Yifan?Mike: Hello. This is Mike. Is that Wu Yifan?Wu: Yes, this is Wu Yifan. What are you doing, Mike?Wu: Ye
35、s, this is Wu Yifan. What are you doing, Mike?Mike: Im watching TV. What are you doing? And how is everybody doing? Mike: Im watching TV. What are you doing? And how is everybody doing? Wu: Just fine. Im doing the dishes. My father is writing an e-mail in Wu: Just fine. Im doing the dishes. My fathe
36、r is writing an e-mail in the study. My mother is sweeping the floor. And my brother is playing the study. My mother is sweeping the floor. And my brother is playing chess with my sister.chess with my sister.Mike: What do you do on the weekend?Mike: What do you do on the weekend?Wu: I visit grandpar
37、ents and go shopping.Wu: I visit grandparents and go shopping.Mike: Do you want to go to the nature park?Mike: Do you want to go to the nature park?Wu: Sure. What time?Wu: Sure. What time?Mike: At 1:30.Mike: At 1:30.Wu: OK. See you later.Wu: OK. See you later.Mike: Bye.Mike: Bye.( )1. Wu Yifan is wa
38、tching TV and Mike is doing the dishes. ( )1. Wu Yifan is watching TV and Mike is doing the dishes. ( ) 2. Wu Yifans father is writing an e-mail in the bedroom.( ) 2. Wu Yifans father is writing an e-mail in the bedroom.( )3. Wu Yifan visits grandparents and goes shopping on the weekend.( )3. Wu Yif
39、an visits grandparents and goes shopping on the weekend.( )4. Wu Yifan wants to go to the Childrens Park at 1:30 with Mike.( )4. Wu Yifan wants to go to the Childrens Park at 1:30 with Mike.( )5. Wu Yifans brother is playing football.( )5. Wu Yifans brother is playing football.Hi,ImSandy.Iamanurse.I
40、mactiveandpretty.EverydayIgotoworkat7:50inthemorning.ThenIgohomeatabout5:00intheafternoon.OnMondayandWednesdayevening,Ireadbooks.OnThursdayandFridayevening,IhaveEnglishclass.SometimesIwatchTV.Ontheweekend,Ioftengoshoppingwithmyfriend.OnSunday,Iusuallyplaysports.ButnotthisSunday.Becausetheweatherrepo
41、rtsaysitsgoingtorain!So,IwilllistentomusicathomethisSunday.()1.Sandyisa_.A.nurseB.doctor()2.Whatisshelike?A.Sheisbeautiful.B.Sheisquietandnice.()3.WhendoesshehaveEnglishclass?AIntheeveningB.Inthemorning()4.DoesSandyliketodosports?A.Yes,shedoes.B.No,shedoesnt()5.ThisSunday,Sandyisgoingto_.A.readbooks
42、.B.listentomusic.训练训练12阅读理解阅读理解训练训练13阅读理解阅读理解JackandSallyarebrotherandsister.Theyaretwins.Theyliketoswimandridebike.Theyliketoflykites,too.Theyoften(经常)runwiththekitesneartheriver.Thekitesareveryhigh.Theylookveryhappy(高兴).Butnotalloftheirfavouritegamesarethesame.JacklikestoplayfootballandSallylikest
43、oplaybasketball.Jacklikestojumphigh,hethinksitseasy,butSallythinksitsveryhard.Sallylikestomakesomething,butJackcant.SallycansingwellandJackcanthrowtheyo-yoverywell. 根据短文内容，判断正（根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（）误（F）()1.JackandSallyarebrothers.()2.Theylikeflyingkites.()3.Theyoftenrunwiththekitesneartheriver.()4.Alloftheirhobbiesarethesame.()5.Jacklikesplayingbasketball.()6.Sallythinkshighjumpiseasy.()7.Jackcantmakeanything.()8.Sallycanthrowtheyo-yo.
