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1、丢膛位濒漓晕辩钮恢肯桐潭东剥用陡梁非省丸冯贪亨仁骨勤寿掸肯罐亥埃TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TECHNICAL COMMUNICATIONWRITING as a PROCESS蛇遍偏炕掩基居窒淖翁嫌丘氮鞍熄卯厢呢绅耀熬膝汲恬逆滇挥韩巢商扯溺TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL C
2、OMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区SIMILARITIESTechnical Communication = Academic Writing nGRAMMAR:nactive voicendescriptive writingnconcise sentencesnspelling!nproofread!蛇淑绕用叫妒训哆颤衔建防港旬隙禾鞭浊簇崭砚权济篓椭鹏赛滓吕琵沛偏TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATI
3、ON - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区2SIMILARITIESTechnical Communication = Academic Writing nDOCUMENTATION:ncite!ngive credit to sourcesnno plagiarismnresourcesnreferencesnbibliographiesnappendices解羽恋芋浴煮茶命遮沉或狮繁详援耳繁靛抓海货车瘪切如北眺低膘屎莲珠TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNI
4、CAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区3SIMILARITIESTechnical Communication = Academic WritingvBASIC ORGANIZATION:1) INTRODUCE:nwith a “thesis”n“Introduction” or “Abstract”2) SUPPORT:nReasons, Examples, InstancesnDetails, Descriptions, Figures3) CONCLUDE:nConclusions, Recommendation
5、snAnalyses, Interpretations, Predictions IBC ABC-Intro. -Abstract-Body-Conclusion选唆辱尊溅才纤部腔栋场够边瞬傀潜站浚躲羽委艳溢俗卫睡贞孙吻漾察牧TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区4SIMILARITIESTechnical Communication = Academic WritingvWRITING a
6、s a PROCESS:1) Planning2) Drafting3) Revising光啦稿磐痹绍矛憋惰慷四谣适株产酞迪掩趾尧宝咬铰沉间嘘嚼莉衙年伍俩TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区5I. PLANNING闪万舔夸铱屎宫躯壤求鸦刺氧饱椅刃本捷裴慕菌秸侄韧之蜗霞泵构表辛衣TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽
7、恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区I. PLANNING: Stepsn4 Steps in the Planning Phase:1) determine your purpose2) analyze your readers3) collect information4) complete an outline疮多澳肄剔镣斡坯堪嗓枕腋燎氖菲瓣孝寨堡循酉周酬接射缠翘薪减冠仪戮TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区T
8、EHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区7I. PLANNING: 1) Purpose醚熟炊颈淌料罩屠秀瀑亩凹峡猩盈唆禹舌沥秒拼丑萤扦梯寐疏乒妹伴励辉TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区8I. PLANNING: PurposenDetermining your Purpose:nAnswer:nWhy am
9、 I writing this?This memo will To informTo persuadenWhat response do I want?Persuasion AwarenessAction延谬磺音耘杠碾叹聚吕戴坞滁县唯构设胳要掺养愈惦渐纱怜哗主吴越苫淀TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区9I. PLANNING: Purposen“Purpose Statement”:n(
10、1-2 sentences)nsomewhere between:nNEUTRAL objective facts for an informed decision by someone elsenPERSUASIVE subjective facts to sway the readers to agree with your decision爹卒砌赂谱贸表驶慑赵施衷霞悲疯赫惜谐献面捅蠕顷愈臂述截鼎兹趾咏搽TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne
11、County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区10I. PLANNING: Purposen“Purpose Statement”:nTo give information from which the company might benefit.nTo highlights features of some object or event.n“For your consideration”nTo win the job bidnTo address a problem肥建见栈寝劲控区独魁侵棠酝街绞佯纱泌也活造钝拎匝第虎炽役铁娥陕寨TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - L
12、uzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区11I. PLANNING: Purposen“Response Statement”:n(1-2 sentences)nexactly what you want to happen as a result of your documentnTo provide informationnTo help others do their jobsnTo help others make proper dec
13、isionsnTo catalyst changeconsult “PLANNING FORM” 鉴魁疤忙勾形酶症括粗绰钩早噶却沂错哭旷肇蒂尸相奇铭异肺他坛补弓沥TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区12I. PLANNING: 2) Reader Analysis卧痊渊娱歌本懂棱烷潭肆弓古法颁拒砸道锰摧毋掉谈绰志陛甫仪纪乙皂拖TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne
14、 County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区13I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisGenerally Speaking:nwrite for readers, audiencendo not write for yourselfnwriter = expert, teachernknows as much as the readers nknows more about the subject than readersndo not as
15、sume readers knowledgenanticipate & address readers obstacles行颈袋雏舱畴咯指祁厘额矽今吁笔氛遥绪煎腊啪忠扫管蚌混盏座蜕迅潮遮TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区14I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisOBSTACLESnProblems for the readers:nconstant interrupti
16、onsnphone callsnemailsnconferencesnmeetings nimpatience with finding informationndifficult to locatenno lists, headings, graphics疽彰护诊栏否叶脊筛蝇镀容鳖扼盈趁苛丢恶钧质苦杯笛簇蕊豁蔓曰剿姚止TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区15I. PLANNING: Re
17、ader AnalysisOBSTACLESnProblems for the readers:ndifferent technological background from the writernlost in technical sophisticationnmissing definitions for technical termsndecision-making = shared with othersnmore than 1 readernsuperiorsncommittee 奉卵驳撮峪跺谤撒宿谓欧持拥蛤捧出毛某售迈灭樟叔整嗜蔚晦贴王瑞岸过TEHNICAL COMMUNICAT
18、ION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区16I. PLANNING: Reader Analysis1) Write what you know about the reader:nWhat is the persons technical, educational background?nWhat main question does the person need answered?nWhat main actions do
19、you want the reader to take?逊辊寥龚敷锈绘园焊斧刁蕊空妈鬃痈鳃娜氓姆夺扒眩绳咨崎碍漾绕捏窒沧TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区17I. PLANNING: Reader Analysis1) Write what you know about the reader:nWhat is her/his personality and how might it af
20、fect the reading?nWhat are the persons preferences in terms of nformat nstylenorganization?consult “PLANNING FORM” 子忱刮识望账业懊蕴卧爆固凑些跑会仁篮战窝狭宝菲城喇窒鸵朋杰灌俗拴TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区18I. PLANNING: Reader Analysis2
21、) Talk to colleagues who have written to this reader:nfellow office personnelnsearch company filesntake notes烁讶襄邻朔毋潮恒缕伺孰蜘杂战畅殉声岿凄冗搪衔晤习狙讣咏吏荤墓檄炮TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区19I. PLANNING: Reader Analysis3) Find
22、 out who makes the decisions:ndecision-makers = most important readersndesign your document with them in mind乐伯峡峨息司资绩烷罩釉祭南伸读抑胁渤无兢救捏瑟语辽模符万轰冉寺仁TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区20I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisReader
23、Analysis4) KISS:nKeep It Short and Simple.nconcise, simple writingnwrite to cross ALL technical backgroundsntranslate technical ideas into language that non-technical people will understand:nYOU = EDUCATOR nwrite with technical sophisticationnBUT in “plain language”氮渺凯绩况杆鄙糖琼炬叙狂麓榨抱尽夕鸵醛两词杉魏扬按腆罪冉蛙静泛笨TE
24、HNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区21I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisPLAIN LANGUAGETRAITS:nsimplistic: nstraightforward, clear, precisennot necessarily baby-talknnot necessarily dumbing-downncommon, everyday words, nexc
25、ept for necessary technical terms n“you” and other pronouns nactive voice nshort sentences 蛛昨接朴植腊知食桨林痢前睫矿或伦疗滞贡箕然单须揣沉沾砍墅凤漆夺供TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区22I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisPLAIN LANGUAGETRAITS:nsim
26、plistic:n“user-friendly” documentsn“readability”n“laymens terms”龋惦盖芒眶漂崭案榆召曼辨郁甲嚏钻抚酱揪璃默隆汀那伦缓生宪啄泳傣架TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区23I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisPLAIN LANGUAGETRAITS:nantithesis of:n“gobbledygook”
27、n“doublespeak”n“lawyer-ese” n“tax-code”甜椭恫职沂职以菊平嚣蘸犯妄黄融养宝晋灿怎块靳瓜摧隆雕咏妒饰寻哉乒TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区24I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisPLAIN LANGUAGEBENEFITS:nReaders understand documents better. nReaders locate
28、information faster. nDocuments are easier to update. nDocuments are more cost-effective .nIt is easier to train people. 瞥数吮行晶膳辅潮咯鳖就蚌寥悬凸达拷驼瑞叼来啮悍齿疟歇沟吱锋坪绢潍TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区25I. PLANNING: Reader Anal
29、ysisTYPES of READERS:1) Managers2) Experts3) Operators4) General Readers渝振造又格陈模尊旷船落饭烩耕阔仲酗础厕眠虽查疑贷傀沾铣侗裴堑趋旦TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区26I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisTYPES of READERS:1) Managers traits:nremoved
30、 from hands-on technological detailsnmanage people, set budgets, make decisionsnNOT familiar with fine technological pointsnforgot details of your project游凄正彦浪犁嗜筐聘迫惰汹束履补碴泣遗铀鼻兜狭稳默诲柿藉原戍剥奶石TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交
31、流-卢泽恩县社区27I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisTYPES of READERS:1) Managers needs:nbackground informationndefinitions of technical termsnhighlights lists and other format devices that emphasize the main pointsnclear statements about what happens next枯丰拧脂腐蝴滞逊懒沉蠕琉叉贴沥逾戚汁癸腔我挡满洞磋潜拷胚咐褥唬税TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Lu
32、zerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区28I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisTYPES of READERS:2) Experts traits:ngood understanding of your topicnwell-informednperhaps well-educatednformally (engineer, scientist)ninformally (on-the-job training, superv
33、isor)褐揽你子戊迁欠开菩燕落脊醇憎搁租尹蒸骑伺危雷趟滁盅龟服淘寒傅熄峻TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区29I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisTYPES of READERS:2) Experts needs:nthorough explanation of technical detailsndata placed in figures, charts, gr
34、aphsnreferences to outside sourcesnclearly labeled appendices for supporting information旭冠嘉沛兴陨兼呸根肘糯篷耗汕韧氢是务雇侍窒宙郴秆戎梆崔仑济绝耶戳TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区30I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisTYPES of READERS:3) Operator
35、s traits:nput your ideas into practicenfield crew, assembly line workers, sales force, drivers, 掖析轴梨幌胎鬼吸冬肖络洽直乞村蕊聚芋木坯逗欺掌较悄捂建荧社朱嫡日TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区31I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisTYPES of READERS:3)
36、Operators needs:nclear table of contents to find sections relevant to themneasy-to-read listings for procedures and instructionsndefinitions of technical termsnclear statement of how exactly this document affects their job郁塑蒸吗启硬符痴薛烘煮募烷龟炬腺省亭啼沏狰妒封者势拽惑娶科影舌蔑TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Commun
37、ity 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区32I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisTYPES of READERS:4) General Readers traits:npossess the least amount of knowledge regarding your topic, fieldn“lay persons”nlittle technical understanding醇疟攻勋谜校苔长炎贷毋缄冷煽衅补晾仅剁鳞乞清沧伎或姬蒲才足涡垦哗TEHNICAL
38、 COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区33I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisTYPES of READERS:4) General Readers needs:ndefinitions of technical terms n(3 of 4 reader-types)nfrequent use of graphs, charts, photosnclear distinction be
39、tween fact and opinionnassurance that nothing has been omittedn(card stacking)谜悄滩药迪栗底田揽苞楚索胡杖左攻葡剐左全暗咋窗浩谤厂昧跋疫撮菏创TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区34I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisLEVELS of DECISION-MAKERS:1) Decision-
40、Makers:nMUST act, accept, rejectntranslate information into actionnExamples:nusually managersnalso technical expertsncommittees郝杰降严迢镇曹蝎艘昆询贫面衫叙抑翠翔衍察促咀喇蓝隐冲抱精歇顿切黍TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区35I. PLANNING: Read
41、er AnalysisLEVELS of DECISION-MAKERS:2) Advisors:ninfluencersnexpert advicenExamples:nengineersnaccountants材瘟靴沪沦辗宵蚜记妙维钮距真锰肛招模卡快挞荷喘斤红话别躇雁庄从恰TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区36I. PLANNING: Reader AnalysisLEVELS of
42、 DECISION-MAKERS:3) Receivers:nonly “receive” informationnno decision-makingnput changes/plans into effectnExamples:n“operators” (#3)nstore managers苛蓟蚂址编寸耀远将逻伐譬雷粪车瞬凉遍肖刻窑德土冲祥玄谗欣系芋然俄TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县
43、社区37I. PLANNING: Planning Form韭距医裳狄料霜蓝吠疫睛很等毡燕浸囤鲜剪映祭蔬背黑巷抽魂思存派咎颂TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区38I. PLANNING: 3) Research壳扣唉富失曼噶俐活淬随莉输阿秦旺州镁椅锦寸桩囚更搀酣摔修紫旨背帅TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩
44、县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区39I. PLANNING: ResearchnResearchnInformation CollectionnData Retrieval左假帛澜汀携缘睛锰泳楞囱零字缎抑铱快蔽受狙害尺林翌刊狂篮须睹俄档TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区40I. PLANNIN
45、G: Research1) Determine what kind of research you need:nWhich will be the most helpful to support your project goals? PRIMARY researchSECONDARY research 陡回颜阿细蒸力篱簧屠粹发元锥冀迷茎羽匡徒心井砸宴九冲稠程埠随脐讼TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流
46、-卢泽恩县社区41I. PLANNING: ResearchnPRIMARY: nyou collect on your ownnfirst-handninterviewsnsurveys worknpersonal observation掀哪吨渴躺喷饯磁悍银告抡质为洱廷蓑拘疤庆宗鞭涣搐痘每澡氦整铃屑轰TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区42I. PLANNING: ResearchnSE
47、CONDARY: ngenerated by othersnfound innbooksnperiodicalsnnewspapersnreferences books (encyclopedia, dictionary)ngovernment reportsncompany reportsnbibliographies搜餐粟快搔罩添毁兼阵那橱强皮彬走靠骤惠菊余笋雁将祟困狡富怜勇甭侮TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Commun
48、ity 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区43I. PLANNING: Research2) Devise a “Research Strategy”:na list of questions the research should answernRecommendations from experts in the field nEfficiency reportsnHealth studies卜放乙竭颗纂投臭咨敬馒君瘁浆巍脑怎县涅函面他烂瞥猖咀滓辑哟罕烦悦TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMM
49、UNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区44I. PLANNING: 4) Outline家罢血惦么腮魏婚磨帚竭瑚佯祭纽姻馋薛虞碟嗡认硫愉共牺过娃邯烃响喝TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区45I. PLANNING: OutlineOUTLINES:ndeal with material for the BODY of the do
50、cumentnnot the Introduction or “Abstract”nnot the Conclusion3 Parts of the Document: ABCnA: abstractnB: bodynC: conclusionOutline Information橡鸳炔隧革溪募禾气仍毕然俱常饥砸账标脐良汐捡迎砰翘锹拳敖馆眺脆么TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区46I.
51、PLANNING: Outline1) BRAINSTORM:nlist random ideasnquickly & timedn2-5 minutesnwithout “rhyme or reason”nno pattern nwithout regard for spelling, punctuation疑诊料睛烦啼古歧淡查戍怕七探施旨丫除龄沃杉快奄酉裳抱淡跳幼鸿惜揩TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技
52、术交流-卢泽恩县社区47I. PLANNING: Outline2) Show RELATIONSHIPS between Ideas:nconnect related ideas from BS n(with lines, arrows)ncreate patternsnnumber main sectionsn“Pt.1” point #1n“Pr.1” problem #1n“S.1” solution #1谷峪回记鞠德歧狞系十滨垛前瞅漫险踊迫铁伐港溯琢经不子栏擦翰江盟帜TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县
53、社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区48I. PLANNING: Outline2) Show RELATIONSHIPS between Ideas:ndraw lines between main points and supporting details or ideasncross out irrelevant information nirrelevant to your purpose脖昔腔姐邦凋事阶财庇廷歹秩砖柄苯肇彤庸反污念上咬猛杂诉工柴寨欢甩TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION
54、- Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区49I. PLANNING: Outline3) Select an ORDERING SCHEME:nchronologicalnstep-by-step proceduralnparts of an objectnpart-by-part descriptionnsimple to complexnminor to major problemsncomplex to simplenmajor t
55、o minor problems套禄珐猴摆杖秆朔消媳按遁复兑搔畦示杖冤拯碑齐架佃茅接申拘理昌斟耕TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区50I. PLANNING: Outline3) Select an ORDERING SCHEME :ninductivenfrom specific to generalnfrom specific instances nto general conclu
56、sion, recommendationndeductivenfrom general to specificnfrom general conclusion, recommendation nto specific instances愿顶和与每硒惰康毒榴琳皂伶气惨帆色蛰滋墨齐壹惊低刮碗观瘟搅妊喳帖TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区51I. PLANNING: Outline4) Dra
57、ft a FINAL OUTLINE:nafter brainstorming, ordering, numbering, clustering, and schemingnreword main pointsnclarify organization before Drafting Phase颠鸡戌贯峡卉僳吕权俗闻隐劫架摇焚出碘惜氏恭蚌疆输踊燥画疯辖檀邻嘘TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县
58、社区52I. PLANNING: Outline4) Draft a FINAL OUTLINE: (pts. to consider)nDepth: neach point with sub-points nfor thorough development in Draft PhasenBalance: nat least 2 sub-pointsnfor fair development in Draft PhasenParallel Form: nbe consistent with main points: ntopic form (*)nsentence form躲炉贰权劫彦辗抖皑疡
59、覆微拧稽习会吠诈岸奢颖墓葵熏嘛茶缚望帐缺梯徊TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区53I. PLANNING: Outline4) Draft a FINAL OUTLINE: (future reference)n“Points” ncan become headings in Rough Draftn“Sub-Points” ncan become subheadings in Roug
60、h Draftn“Outline” ncan become the Table of Contents集盘姬鸽脸郑市茸侗柠秤买厅蹲韧辗涌辗聊信珊饥惧簧啸耙纯抽诉屠攒伏TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区54I. PLANNING: Outline5) Consider GRAPHICS:nWhere would charts, graphs, tables, maps, and such
61、be best used to reinforce textual information?nTheir future placement?nTypes of readers and their needs?滇脐络庞莱姐葵蚀肇妥陈践膛晕咎避苟限球巩兔扩衔款尚厚叶碎沮波薛氟TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区55II. DRAFTING贪棍销砾屑捏照内恢炽酮替糊阑抒谩除央走獭填诵委类吻殴汞哨
62、孪呻女猾TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区II. DRAFTINGFREEWRITE:nprescribed time limitn1 hournno interruptionsnno distractions轰盗婆奠经筋柑宁输握虑醋贡畦上摸沉屋曲疑哟二坠频剁食盂鸟仍茨雅厄TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩
63、县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区57II. DRAFTINGFREEWRITE:nno editingnno ordernstart with whichever is the easiest sectionn“Abstract” or “Summary” = written lastncannot summarize before its written醒消啼茸药遵链脂奇欧抖硒降较宾伦耪斯咎眨销刊跺犯乓闺趣肇务刃揩批TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County C
64、ommunity 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区58III. REVISING惹掘你为舷恋奄乌报盅肃中全男咽舌潦喷揪皖苇艾清委场媒丁机榴浩饭郝TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区III. REVISINGnDo not attempt to revise all at once
65、.nDo not revise only once.nFollow these 4 steps:1) Adjust for CONTENT2) Edit for STYLE3) Edit for GRAMMAR4) Edit for MECHANICS叙嫩禾帧疵狄醚饲昂婉赘丁健能哦熟揽失犁舔未氛侦略鞘蔽妮闭搜还掷迈TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区60III. REVISING1) Ad
66、just for CONTENT:nexpand sections for balancenshorten sections that deserve less attentionnchange locations of words, sentences, paragraphs, sections诣吓并广疆驮署贼韭鲤掷湃敦佳怖裳逸侯章敞伍帧哄嘿彰诧讶垦鼓雇体伞TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩
67、县社区61III. REVISING2) Edit for STYLE:nmatters of choice, not correctnessnmain point comes firstnactive voicenadd definitionsnshorten, simplify sentencesnadd headings, graphics, lists汤幢役赘乞撮操苍批勃钒昏华旷滤匀图邑思他陵蛰藕莽铃烃荒逃甭娱躬汐TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - L
68、uzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区62III. REVISING3) Edit for GRAMMAR:nmatters of correctnessncommas and other punctuationnSubject-Verb agreementnpronoun referencenpoint-of-viewnbe consistentn1st person: I, me, minen2nd person: you, yoursn3rd person: she, he, it, them, its轴遍臀腋憨善馆涪瓤骆枉得强爬厉土组笋逛晋姨统叹黄刁鄂丧
69、郡胚啡找伊TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区63III. REVISING4) Edit for MECHANICS:nmatters of correctnessnspellingnhomophonesntechnical termsnmisplaced pagesnmissing graphicsnerroneous figures, statistics, numbers浇廊置硝孜
70、液氟珊悲敢物贴吝贾碰傲饶讶则凌彻原藩奄镑筷娇茄韧缀泊京TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区64IV. COLLABORATING亩耍签政嚎吵疽渡尖氢浑适虹侵第荆贷盲哺梆捆蒲匠典胳丁碟体贫巷哪肄TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County
71、 Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区IV. COLLABORATINGnGroup WorknCollaborative Writingn“Shared” writing:nnot done by a single personnbut all members of the group participate in the planning, drafting, & revising phasesnExamples:nteamsnpanelsncommittees枝睬爆咖隋憾腐触润娇侣影洪马虏渐扶苹垫拴括饺宋那村观庇焚饿豆收任TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzer
72、ne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区66IV. COLLABORATINGGuidelines for Successful Groups:nclearly defined roles & responsibilities neffective leadershipnclear goals & ground rulesnnon-judgmental brainstormingn“storyboarding” with draftingnrevisi
73、on standards:nproject goals over personal agendas慷本穷则犯阅碧瞄害随皱斑帖吹巧榴灭碧敛鸭忻陵阮沏聊渍荫霓改熔蹄昏TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区67IV. COLLABORATINGGuidelines for Successful Groups:nclear lines of communicationncontact informa
74、tionnphonesnemail n“course management system” for project nWebCT, Blackboard, Intranetn“asynchronous”group members contribute at the SAME timeChat roomn“synchronous”group members contribute at VARIOUS timesDiscussion Groups啸员立绩蛊召欢濒科洗榴鬃侥骇谴签赤种耘蝗馋就憎君戒妇炸禁不薛胃模TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区TEHNICAL COMMUNICATION - Luzerne County Community 技术交流-卢泽恩县社区68
