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1、Section AGrammar FocusObject clauses with that, if and whether1. I think that theyre fun to watch.2. Mary thinks that the teams were fantastic.3. Bill wonders whether theyll have the sweet rice dumplings again next year.4. I wonder if its similar to the water festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Pro
2、vince.Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态1. I hear (that) _. 2. He said (that) _. 3. The teach
3、er told us (that) _ _. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves由由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注：注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。当成分，在口语当中往往省略。around the sunObject clauses with that1.These planet will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on Mars.2.Scientists w
4、ill develop plants that can grow on Mars.3.People think that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier.4.We all know that Mars is a planet in the solar system.5.The journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light.6
5、.Some scientists do not believe that the journey to Mars will be very comfortable.Which of the following sentences has an object clause?根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1. 我认为玛丽不回来了。我认为玛丽不回来了。 I dont think Mary _ _.2. 山姆给我说他准备去上海。山姆给我说他准备去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火
6、车。我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing.willcome was leaving if / whether . if和和whether引导宾语从句时，作引导宾语从句时，作“是否是否”讲，讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但if常用于口语中，常用于口语中，whether比较正式。如：比较正式。如： Millie asked if/whether he liked this sweater. 米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。 The fi
7、sherman wants to know if/whether it will rain. 渔民想知道天是否会下雨。渔民想知道天是否会下雨。Object clauses with if and whether由由if / whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句. if和和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于if和和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。如：从句语序改为陈述句语序。如： Does Mr Zhao live in
8、 Room 208? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if/whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? 其次要注意时态变化：其次要注意时态变化： 1. 若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态。如：态。如： He wants to know if / whether they had a good journey home. 他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。2. 若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过
9、去时、关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。如：如： Did the train leave? She didnt know. She didnt know if / whether the train had left. 3.当宾语从句表示客观真理、科学原理、当宾语从句表示客观真理、科学原理、及自然现象时，从句的谓语动词不受及自然现象时，从句的谓语动词不受主句的制约，采用一般现在时。主句的制约，采用一般现在时。e.g:The teache
10、r told us that light travels faster than sound.He said that the sun is bigger than the earth. if和和whether的区别的区别二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用，不用if。如：。如： Whether this is true or not, I cant say. 这是否对，我不能说。这是否对，我不能说。2. 宾语从句与宾语从句与or not直接连用时，应用直接连用时，应用whethe
11、r，不能用，不能用if。如：。如： I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否来。我不知道他明天是否来。3. 与动词不定式连用时，只能用与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：。如： She cant decide whether to go to America. 她不能决定是否去美国。她不能决定是否去美国。4. 从句作介词宾语时，只能用从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：。如： I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. 我担心是否伤了她的感情。我担心是否伤了她
12、的感情。1. I dont know if Mr. Wang _on a field trip. If he _ on a field trip tomorrow, please call me. A. goes; will go B. will go; goes C. will go; will go D. goes; goes 2. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen is it BB3. They wondered if the
13、teacher _ us English the next term. A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. taughtAChoose the right answers.5. I havent decide _ Ill go out or stay at home. A. if B. when C. why D. whether6. I want to know _ he loves you. A. that B. what C. if D. whoDC4. The boy asked _ any noise from outside.
14、 A. whether had I heard B. whether I had heard C. whether have I heard D. whether I have heardBAC 7. I wondered _ our teacher was going to attend our party. A. whether B. why C. where D. that 8. Id like to know _ or not. A. whether will he come B. whether has he come C. whether he will come D. if he
15、 will come改为含宾语从句的复合句改为含宾语从句的复合句 1. Will the train arrive on time? I want to know. I want to know _ the train _ on time.2. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.will arriveif / whether came if / whether Complete the sentences.1. 我们不知道我们能否在
16、火星上种植植物。我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物。 We are wondering _ _ on Mars.2. 你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星上去吗？上去吗？ Could you tell me _ to Mars?whether / if we canif / whether many peopleare going to movegrow plants3. 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。 I dont know _ any washing at home. 4. 我担心是否伤害了她的感情。我担心是否伤害了她的感情。 I
17、am worried about _. whether or not he doeswhether I hurt herfeelings1. Uncle Wang came up to see _ there was anything wrong with the machine.2. The shop keeper asked my father _ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.if / whetherwhether3. I dont know _ to go or stay.4. _ that is true, what
18、should we do?whetherIf5. _ they will ever become future Olympic champions only time will tell. WhetherComplete the sentences with if / whether.( )1. I wonder _. Im afraid well be late. (2011山东青岛山东青岛) A. how we can be on time B. what we are going to do C. why we get to school late D. if we will arriv
19、e at the meeting on time中考链接中考链接D( )2. Well plant trees tomorrow, and I dont know_ Tom will come and join us. (2011天津天津) A. if B. which C. what D. whereA( )3. Do you know _ tomorrow? Sorry, I dont know. You may surf the Internet. (2011湖南湘潭湖南湘潭)A. whether will it rain B. if it will rain C. whether do
20、es it rainB( )4.Mum, can we go to the art museum tomorrow? Sure. But first we should find out _. (2011广西南宁市广西南宁市) A. what can we do B. where we can go C. how can we go there D. if it will be openD( )5. We dont know _ the meeting will be held soon. (2011内蒙古包头内蒙古包头) A. when B. what C. whether D. since
21、 C( )5. Mary, could you tell me if your mother _ our school sports meeting tomorrow?I think she will come to school if she _ free.(2011山东滨州山东滨州) A. will take part in; will be B. takes part in; is C. will take part in; is D. takes part in; will beC( )6. Do you know _ Guangzhou tomorrow? (2011肇庆肇庆)A.
22、whether they leave for B. whether will they leave for C. whether they are leaving for C( )7. Ive decided to go to London next weekend. I was wondering _ you could go with me. (2011江西省江西省) A. if B. when C. that D. whereA( )8.Do you think _ Xiao Ming can pass the high school entrance exam or not? Sorr
23、y, Ive no idea. (2011广西百色广西百色) A. that B. which C. if D. whetherD ( )9. He said that light _much faster than sound. (2011山东枣庄山东枣庄) A. has travelled B. went C. travels D. travelledC( ) 10. Over these years I have had a new understanding of _ people traditionally call a perfect person. (2012江苏淮安江苏淮安)
24、A. how B. what C. who D. whomA( ) 11. Can you tell me in the future? (2012江苏宿迁江苏宿迁) A. how life will be like B. how will life be like C. what life will be like D. what will life be likeC( ) 12.Do you know _? At the end of July. (2012江苏连云港江苏连云港) A. how soon is your sister running back home B. how oft
25、en Nancy from her pen friend C. when the London Olympic Games will be held D. when will the new computer game come outC( ) 13. -Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China? -Yes, I am still wondering _. (2012江苏江苏南京南京) A. how is Chinese paper cut made B. how was the Great Wall built in
26、 ancient times C. why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance D. why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat FestivalC( ) 14. We havent discussed yet _. (2012江苏苏州江苏苏州) A. where we are going to put our new table B. where are we going to put our new table C. what we are going
27、to put our new table D. what are we going to put our new tableA( ) 15. I wonder _. (2012江苏镇江江苏镇江) A. if Dr Ma still works on the ORBIS plane B. how much does the tallest man in the world weigh C. when Audrey Hepburn had entered the film industry D. that Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moonA( ) 16. They wonder _ robots will make humans lose their jobs or not. (2013漳州漳州) A. that B. if C. whether( ) 17. Our physics teacher told us light _ faster than sound. (2013 黔东南黔东南) A. travels B. traveled C. traveling D. to travelCA
