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1、TaizhouTaizhou TianTian JiabingJiabing Experimental Middle Experimental Middle SchoolSchoolHow to grasp the main idea of a passage?Chen Chen HaiHai1).Whatdoesthewritermainlytellus?2).Whichofthefollowingcansummarizethemainideaofthispassage?3).Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?4).Whichisthes
2、ubjectdiscussedinthetext?5).Thebestheadlineforthisnewspaperarticleis_.6).Whatsthebesttitleforthispassage?I.mainidea型型,即即:主题型主题型.II.topic或或title型型,即即:标题型标题型.主旨大意题的常见的提问形式主旨大意题的常见的提问形式: Kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretosteal.Suchapersonisnotreallyathief.Theyaresickandcannothel
3、pthemselves.Allsmallchildrenactnaturallyand as they grow up they normally learn to control theiractions.Peoplewithkleptomaniaforcertainmedicalreasonshavefailedtodevelopcontrolovertheirdesiretotakethingsthat do not belong to them. With medical help they maybecomenormalcitizensagain.Theythingsthatakle
4、ptomaniacstealsareseldomofgreatvalue.They often give away what they have stolen or collectobjectswithoutusingthem.Q:Whatisthetopicofthetext?A.YoungThieves.B.AnUnusualIllness.C. Reasons for Stealing D.A Normal ChildsActions. OnthenightofthepartyMerlinrolledintotheroomplayinghisviolin. Everyone was as
5、tonished to see him. There was just oneproblem.Merlinhadnowaytostophisrollerskater.Herolledonandon.Suddenlyheranintoahugemirrorthatwashangingonthewall.Downfellthemirror,breakingtopieces.NobodyforgotMerlinsgrandentranceforalongtime! Q: Whatisthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeintheparagraph?A.Theroll
6、erskatesneededfurtherimprovement.B.ThepartygueststookMerlinforafool!C.Merlinsucceededbeyondexpectation.D.Merlingothimselfintotrouble.一一.文首找主题句文首找主题句,提炼文章标题提炼文章标题; 新闻报道新闻报道, 说明文说明文, 议论文议论文二二.文尾找主题句文尾找主题句,提炼标题或归纳大意提炼标题或归纳大意;议论文议论文总总-分分-总总三三.首尾呼应展现主题句首尾呼应展现主题句,瞻前顾后归纳大意瞻前顾后归纳大意;四四.整合每一段的主题句整合每一段的主题句,归纳大
7、意归纳大意.In the 1930s, a lot of people in the USA were out of work. Among these people was a man named Alfred Butts. He always had an interest in word games and to fill his time he planned a game which he called “Lexico”. However, he was not completely satisfied with the game, so he made a number of ch
8、anges to it and changed its name from “ Lexico” to “Alph” and then to “Criss Cross”. He wanted to make some money from his new game but he didnt have any real commercial(商业性的)success.Q:The text is mainly about_.A. Lexico B. Three men C . A word game D. Alfred Butts.In In Shanxi Shanxi Province Provi
9、nce you you may may be be offered offered brains brains to to eat. eat. Frightened? Frightened? You You shouldnt shouldnt be, be, because because these these brains brains are are only only a a kind kind of of food, food, which which is is famous famous for for its its unusual unusual name name and
10、rich nutrition.(and rich nutrition.(营养营养).). Brains Brains as as a a kind kind of of food food were were invented invented more more than than 300 300 years years ago ago by by Fu Fu Shan, Shan, an an artist artist whose whose mother mother had had been been ill ill for for along along time. time. T
11、o To help help her her become become well well again, again, he he studied studied medicine medicine and and invented invented a a kind kind of of soup soup made made of of meat, meat, vegetables vegetables and and a a number number of of Chinese Chinese medicines. medicines. Rich Rich wine wine was
12、 was also also used used in in the the soup soup to to help help illness illness caused caused by by old old age. age. Fus Fus soup soup became became the the talk talk of of the the town. town. Many Many people people came came to to see see him. him. One One day day a a restaurant restaurant owner
13、 owner asked asked him him what what was was in in the the soup. soup. “Ill “Ill tell tell you,” you,” Fu Fu said, said, “ “ but but if if your your restaurant restaurant is is going going to to sell sell to to soup, soup, you you must must call call it it brains brains because because of of its its
14、 shape shape and and color. color. And And your your restaurant restaurant should be renamed after my mother.”should be renamed after my mother.”Q:Thebestheadlineforthisnewspaperarticleis_.A.AGoodSonB.ASpecialSoupC.HowtoMakeBrainsD.HowtoLiveLongLife五五,从段落中从段落中归纳要点归纳要点抓大意抓大意.有些文章或段落无明显的主题句有些文章或段落无明显的
15、主题句, 只是暗示性地体现只是暗示性地体现主题主题. 这就要求考生在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的这就要求考生在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实事实或提供的或提供的线索线索来概括总结主旨大意。来概括总结主旨大意。 Paragraph 1: Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill it Takes practice. A child learns to walk by practicing until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of
16、the other. A great athlete practices until he can play quickly, accurately(精确), without thinking. Tennis players call that “ being” in the zone.” Educators call it “ automaticity (自如).Q:Thefirstparagraphtellsus_.A.whatautomaticityisB.howaccuracyisacquired(获得获得)C.howachildlearnstowalkD.howanathleteis
17、trained. Passage2 Boston-ThievesdressedaspoliceenteredamuseumearlySundayandstole11paintings,includingmajorworksbyRembrandt,Dagas,ManetandVermerr,FBI(美国联邦调查局美国联邦调查局)andthemuseumofficialssaid.Thefirstjudgmentplacedvalueofatleast$100millionontheworksstolenfromtheIsabellaGardenerMuseum,saidBostonpolices
18、pokes-manJimTordan.WilliamBobinson,ofHardvardUnivercitysFoggelMuseum,calledtheobjectsstolen“majorworks.”Q:Whatisthebestheadlineforthisnewspaperarticle?A.ATheftTookPlaceinBostonB.ArtworksstolenbyThievesC.MajorWorksD.InvestigationintotheTheftAs prices and building costs keep rising, the “do-it-yoursel
19、f” (DIY) trend in the U.S. continues to grow.John and Jim are not unusual people. Most families in the country are doing everything they can to save money so they can fight the high cost of living. If you want to become a “do-it-yourself, you can go to DIY classes. And for those who dont have time t
20、o take a course, there are books that tell you how you can do things yourself.Q: What would be the best title for the text? A.The Joy of DIY B.You can Do it Too! C. Welcome to Our DIY Course! D. Ross and Hatfield: Believers in DIYPassage 1 : You dream each night, even though you may not remember you
21、r dreams. While you dream your eyes move and your heart beats faster. Even your brain-wave pattern changes. Some scientists think that dreaming is important for the sake of health. They claim that without dream, people would go crazy. Q:Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A. HowpeoplestayhealthyB.Howslee
22、pisnecessaryC.WhydreamsareimportantD.WhenpeopleremembertheirdreamsParagraph 2: In America we have Halloween. In Mexico they have Todos Santos, which means “ All Saints”. This is the day in which people remember family and friends who have died. They visit the cemetery instead of going out to trick-o
23、r-treat. But they do have pictures of skeletons and ghosts hanging around. They also have many candy skulls to eat. Q:Whatdoesthestorymainlytell?A.WhatholidaysarelikeB.WhatHalloweenislikeinMexicoC.WhathappensduringTodosSantosD.WhatwedoonHalloween遵循遵循 “ “四字四字”原则原则: :准准-全全-新新-用精炼的语言概括出文章的中心思想用精炼的语言概括出文章的中心思想.要注意文章的内涵和外延要注意文章的内涵和外延,把作者的观点把作者的观点准确地表达出来准确地表达出来.要排除那些片面的选项要排除那些片面的选项,选取包含文章的主要选取包含文章的主要内容及作者观点的选项内容及作者观点的选项,范围不宜过大或过小范围不宜过大或过小.所选择的标题要新颖所选择的标题要新颖,对读者有吸引力对读者有吸引力,能激发能激发读者的阅读兴趣读者的阅读兴趣.精精-Thanks Thanks for for youryourattendance!attendance!
