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1、Unit4Section AStudyingAbroad1.Wordsandexpressions1.departuren(1)离开离开n-IsawMaryshortlybeforeherdepartureforAmerica.n(2)背离背离n-Theirnewdesignsrepresentadeparturefromtheirusualstyle.2.fluentn流利的流利的n-ShewasfluentinEnglish,French,andGerman.fluentFrench/JapaneseetcnspeakfluentEnglish说流利的英语说流利的英语3.authority
2、n(1)职权职权;许可的权力许可的权力n-CouldIspeaktosomeoneinauthorityplease?n(2)theauthorities复数复数当局当局,负责人负责人;官方官方n(3)-thelocalauthority地方政府，地方当局地方政府，地方当局n(4)某方面的权威某方面的权威n-Mr.LiisaleadingauthorityonChinesefood.4.grantn(1)vt.给予，授予给予，授予n-Thelocalauthoritygrantedtheclubalicensetosellalcohol.ntakeitforgranted(that)认为认为是
3、理所当然的是理所当然的n-Hejusttookitforgrantedthathewouldpasstheexam.n(2)n.授予物，补助金授予物，补助金n-Theuniversitygetsagovernmentgrant.n政府拨款政府拨款n-studentgrantn助学金助学金5.specify nV.具体确切地说明具体确切地说明n-Thedesignerspecifiedthesizeofbricksneeded.n设计师具体说明了所需砖头的尺寸。设计师具体说明了所需砖头的尺寸。n-Therulesclearlyspecifythat_nn(员工不允许参加比赛员工不允许参加比赛)a
4、renotallowedtoparticipateinthecompetition.thestaff6.overseasn(1)adv.向海外；在海外；在国外向海外；在海外；在国外n-Chrisisgoingtoworkoverseas.n(2)adj.向海外的；在海外的；在国外的向海外的；在海外的；在国外的n-buildupoverseasmarketsn开拓海外市场开拓海外市场nCan you tell the difference between overseasstudentsandstudentsoverseas?7.descendn(1)下降下降n-Ourplanestartedt
5、odescend.n-Iheardhisfootstepsdescendingthestairs.n(2)降临降临n-Aftertheteacheraskedadifficultquestion,totalsilencedescendedontheclassroom.n(3).descendfromna)bedescendedfromsb是某人的后代是某人的后代n-SheclaimstobedescendedfromAbrahamLincoln.n她自称是林肯的后代。她自称是林肯的后代。nb)继承继承,传承传承n-ideasthatdescendfromthoseofancientphilos
6、ophersn从古代哲学家的观点中继承下来的观点从古代哲学家的观点中继承下来的观点8.domesticn(1)国内的国内的ndomesticmarket/economy/demandetc扩大内需扩大内需nGDP(grossdomesticproduct)nGNP(grossnationalproduct)国内生产总值国内生产总值国民生产总值国民生产总值toexpanddomesticdemandn(2)家庭的家庭的n-Unfortunatelyhisdomesticlifewasntveryhappy.n-Nowadaysthereismoresharingofdomesticchoresb
7、etweenhusbandsandwives.n-domesticviolencen(3)在家里使用的在家里使用的n-domesticappliancessuchaswashingmachines家庭生活家庭生活家务事家务事家庭暴力家庭暴力家用电器家用电器9.regulationn规则，规定规则，规定n-rulesandregulationsn-Accordingtoanewly-issuedregulation,theMayDmandn(1)命令命令n-ShootwhenIgivethecommand.(2)控制控制n-Thefireofficertookcommandofthesituat
8、ion,orderingeveryonetoleavethebuilding.消防人员控制了局面消防人员控制了局面,命令大家离开大楼。命令大家离开大楼。n(3)(havea)good/excellent/pooretccommandofsth=grasp,masteryn掌握（尤指语言，能力）掌握（尤指语言，能力）n-HesstudiedintheUSand_.n(英语掌握得很好英语掌握得很好)n他运用英语的能力令我吃惊。他运用英语的能力令我吃惊。nHiscommandofEnglishsurprisedme.hasagoodcommandofEnglishnv.命令命令n将军命令士兵立刻进攻
9、。将军命令士兵立刻进攻。ncommandsbtodosthn-TheGeneralcommandedthesoldierstoattackatonce.ncommandthatn-TheGeneralcommandedthatthesoldiersattackatonce.IIBackgroundInformationhostfamilynisthefamilythatprovidesboardandroom,food,etc.foroverseasvisitorsorstudents.ChristiansnarefollowersofJesuswithwhomtheyhaveapersona
10、lrelationshipandwhomtheyaccept/receiveintotheirlivesasGodssonandthewaytoheaven.TheybelievethatthereisoneGod.nMostChristiansaremembersofoneofthreemajorgroups:n1.RomanCatholic罗马天主教罗马天主教,n2.Protestant新教新教n3.EasternOrthodox东正教东正教.ChristianitynhashadanenormousinfluenceonWesterncivilization,especiallyonar
11、t,business,government,andsocialrelations.incometaxnisoneofthetaxationsonindividualsandcompanies.InmanycountriesorregionssuchastheUSandWesternEuropeincometaxisoneofthemajorfinancialresourcesofthegovernment.ItfirstappearedinFrancein1793.insurancenlifeinsurance人寿保险人寿保险nMedicalinsurance/insuranceformedi
12、calcaren医疗保险医疗保险nEndowmentinsurance养老保险养老保险nPersonalinsurance人身保险人身保险nPropertyinsurance财产保险财产保险nSicknessinsurance疾病保险疾病保险nUnemploymentinsurance失业保险失业保险Lead-inQuestions:n1.HowmanyforeignhighschoolstudentstraveltostudyinAmericaeachyear?n2.WhataretheirreasonsforstudyinginAmerica?n3.Whataretheproblemsth
13、eforeignstudentsmustcopewithwhentheystudyinAmerica?nCan you think out some names of world-famous universities? nIf given the opportunity, do you want to study abroad? Give some reasons.nThink out at least 4 reasons, each with more than 6 words.FourtopuniversitiesVITextAnalysisCentraltopic:nThepurpos
14、esofgoingabroadandthevariouschallengesofstudyinginadifferentcountry.(paras.1-2)CurrentsituationStructureofthetext(Paras.3-4)PurposesofGoingabroadPart 2Part 3Part 1(paras.5-12)ChallengesofstudyingabroadHowmanychallengesofstudyingabroadcanyoufindinthepassage?n1) (Para. 5) Finding a host family. n2) (P
15、ara. 6) Covering all kinds of expenses.n3) (Para. 7) Learning to take care of themselves.n4) (Para. 8) Saying good-bye to your loved ones. n5) (Para. 9) Getting accustomed to a different culture. n6) (Para. 10) Getting used to foreign food and overcoming homesickness. n7) (Para. 11) Following the sc
16、hedule set by host “parents”.n8) (Para. 12) The cost of acquiring a good command of English. PartIParas.1-2nCentraltopic:ManypeoplestudyinAmericaeveryyear.Para2.n1.WhyistheflighttoLosAngelesnotanordinaryoneforthose38youngpassengers?Theflightisastartoftheirnewexperience,andtheyhavetolivewithouttheirp
17、arentsforaperiodoftime.Atfirstglance,thisisjustanotherroutineflighttoLosAngeles,California.(L.2)natfirstglance:乍一看乍一看n-乍一看这个问题很简单。乍一看这个问题很简单。n-Atfirstglance,theproblemseemedeasy.n乍一看，新产品的价格似乎比旧的要高很多。乍一看，新产品的价格似乎比旧的要高很多。n-Atfirstglance,thepriceofthenewproductismuchhigherthanthatoftheoldone.nroutine:n
18、(1)a.例行的例行的n-Itisjustaroutinemedicalexamination.Thereisnothingtogetworriedabout.n这只是例行体检这只是例行体检,没什么可担心的。没什么可担心的。n(2)n.例行公事例行公事,常规常规,日常事务日常事务n-Cleaningtheroomisataskwhichshedoeseverydayasamatterofroutine.n打扫房间是她每天必做的事情。打扫房间是她每天必做的事情。PartII Paras.3-4nCentraltopic:Peoplestudyabroadforavarietyofreasons.
19、Para.3n2.WhataretheirpurposesforgoingtotheUnitedStates?TheygotheretobecomefluentinEnglish,finishhighschool,andunderstandtheAmericanwayoflifeasmuchaspossible.n3.HowcanthesestudentsgetthecertificategrantedbytheAmericangovernment?Theycangetitiftheycanpassthefinalexamsattheendofeachsemester.ishosttotwoe
20、xhibitionsonChineseculture.EveryyeartheUnitedStatesishosttoanaverageof78,000foreignhighschoollevelstudents,ofwhich3,000areBrazilian.(L.5-6)n译文：美国平均每年要接待译文：美国平均每年要接待78，000名中学学历程度的外名中学学历程度的外国学生，其中国学生，其中3，000个来自巴西。个来自巴西。nbehostto招待，接待招待，接待;主办主办n-Thissummer,themuseum_n(举办了两场中国文化方面的展览举办了两场中国文化方面的展览)n(1)主
21、人主人n-Ourhostandhostessgreetedusatthedoor.(2)主持人主持人n-avarietyshowhostn综艺节目主持人综艺节目主持人n(3)hostcity/countryetcn-2008年奥运会的东道国是中国。年奥运会的东道国是中国。nThehostcountryforthe2008OlympicGamesisChina.hostn.n(4)ahostofpeople/things:许多许多n-全世界各地的许多人观看了奥运会开幕式。全世界各地的许多人观看了奥运会开幕式。nAhostofpeoplefromaroundtheworldwatchedtheop
22、eningceremonyoftheOlympicGames.n-TheresearchgroupheadedbyDr.Johnson_n_.(遇到了很多困难遇到了很多困难)encountered/metwith/wasfacedwithahostofdifficulties.nhostv.n1主办主办n-Whichcountryisgoingtohostthe2010WorldCup?n-SouthAfrica.n2主持主持n-NextweeksshowwillbehostedbySam.下周的节目由下周的节目由Sam主持主持。aslongasthestudentspassfinalexam
23、s,(L.8)naslongas=solongas/onconditionthat-Iamafraidofnothingaslongasyoustaywithme.n只要你和我在一起，我什么都不怕。只要你和我在一起，我什么都不怕。nYouwillsurelyachievesuccess_(只要你努力工作只要你努力工作)aslongasyouworkhard.Othersdreamofcontinuingontocollege.(L.14)ndreamof:梦想梦想n他从未想过得到这么重要的职位。他从未想过得到这么重要的职位。n-Heneverdreamedof(getting)suchanim
24、portantposition.non:adv.(时间或空间时间或空间)向前向前,继续继续n-继续向前走继续向前走,你就能到火车站了。你就能到火车站了。n-Ifyouwalkon,youllcometotherailwaystation.ngoonnmoveonnreadonncarryonnLateronnFromnow/thenonPartIIIParas.5-12nMainidea:PeopleencountermanyproblemsinAmerica.Para.5n4.CanthesestudentsgeteverythingreadybeforetheyleavefortheUni
25、tedStates?No.mostofthemhavedifficultymakingallnecessaryarrangements.n5.HowdoesGloriaMarcatosucceedinfindingahostfamily?Shewroteadetailedletter,whichshowedthatshewasareligiousandlovinggirl.EvenyoungstudentswhoplanonstayingintheUnitedStatesjustlongenoughtofinishtwosemestersofhighschoolhavedifficultyfi
26、ndingahostfamily. (L.17-19)n译文：甚至那些计划在美国完成两个学期中学课程的年轻译文：甚至那些计划在美国完成两个学期中学课程的年轻学生也很难找到接待家庭。学生也很难找到接待家庭。nplanon:计划，打算计划，打算-Wewereplanningoncatchingtheearlytrain.n我们打算去赶早班火车。我们打算去赶早班火车。Veryfewarriveinthecountrywithallthedetailsworkedout.(L.20)nworkout:计划，决定计划，决定n-Ihavedrawnupthemainoutlines,andwewillha
27、vetoworkoutallthedetailslater.Ididnteconomizeonwords.(L.25)nMeaning:IsaidallthatIwantedtosay.neconomize(onsth.):vi.节省n-Wehavetoeconomizefromnowonsincewehavelittlemoneyleft.n我们剩下的钱不多了，我们剩下的钱不多了，所以从现在起得节俭些。所以从现在起得节俭些。如果后接宾语如果后接宾语,必须加上介词必须加上介词“on”.nWehavetoeconomizeonwaterduringthedryseason.n在干旱季节我们必须节
28、约用水。在干旱季节我们必须节约用水。Shehitthetarget.(L.26)nhitthetarget:击中目标击中目标,成功成功n-Youcertainlyhitthetargetwhenyousaidthathewaslazy.n你说他懒，可真让你说中要害了。你说他懒，可真让你说中要害了。Americansarequitereligious(themajoritybeingChristian)andhaveaspecialplaceintheirheartsforpets.(L.27)n注意：注意：“.themajoritybeingChristian.”是非是非限定性从句，可以理解为
29、限定性从句，可以理解为“.andthemajorityofAmericansareChristian.”。n这种结构可以用来表达不同的意思，比如事后的这种结构可以用来表达不同的意思，比如事后的想法，原因，时间等。想法，原因，时间等。Americanfamilies,whichhostforeignstudents,arenotpaid,thoughtheyareallowedasmallincometaxdeduction.(L.28-29)ndeduction:n.U,CnDeductionsofpointswillbemadeifthosewhocompetedonotfollowther
30、ules.n如果选手不遵守规则将被扣分。如果选手不遵守规则将被扣分。Intheeventofillness,eachstudenthasamedicalassistancecard.(L.32)nintheeventof:=incaseof如果，万一如果，万一n_,Marywillgetthemoney.(如果他死了如果他死了)nThebankpromisedthathecouldgetaloan_(万一出现紧急情况万一出现紧急情况)Intheeventofhisdeathintheeventofanemergency.“inof”构成的介词词组构成的介词词组nincaseofnincharg
31、eofninfavorofninmemoryofninplaceofninrespectofn假如，万一假如，万一n主管，掌管主管，掌管n赞成，支持；有利于赞成，支持；有利于n纪念纪念n代替代替n关于关于ninspiteofninsupportofninthelightofninthenameofninviewofnintermsofn尽管；虽然尽管；虽然n支持；拥护支持；拥护n按照；鉴于按照；鉴于n以以的名义的名义n考虑到；由于考虑到；由于n在在方面方面ExerciseFillintheseblanksn1.Theyheldaceremonyin_ofthosekilledin battle
32、.n2.Thefiguresareexpressedin_ofpercentage.n3.Inthe_ofhisdeathShellawillinheritthemoney.4.In_oftheweather,wewillcanceltheouting.n5.JanecouldntgosoIattendedtheconferenceinher_.n6.Hewasleftin_oftheshopwhilethemanagerwasaway.memorytermseventviewplacechargeHealthinsurancedoesnotcoverAIDS,abortionandsuici
33、de,nordentalandeyesightbills.(L.33-34)n译文：健康保险不包括艾滋病、人工流产和自杀译文：健康保险不包括艾滋病、人工流产和自杀后的治疗，也不支付治疗牙齿和配眼镜的费用。后的治疗，也不支付治疗牙齿和配眼镜的费用。Para.7n6.Dotheyneedtheirparentstohelpwithpacking?Why?Yes,theydobecausetheydonthaveenoughexperienceinpacking,andtheytendtotakeunnecessarythingswiththem.Basically,moststudentsleav
34、eknowingtheywillhavetodowithouttheiraccustomedparentalprotectionandlearntotakecareofthemselves.(L.35-36)n事实上，大多数学生在离家时，都知道他们将在没有原来事实上，大多数学生在离家时，都知道他们将在没有原来所习惯了的父母照顾的情况下自己生活所习惯了的父母照顾的情况下自己生活,学会自己照料自学会自己照料自己。己。注意：注意：1.本句中的本句中的“knowing”引导的整个现在分词短语作引导的整个现在分词短语作状语的用法。在句中起到状语的作用。状语的用法。在句中起到状语的作用。2.现在分词短语部
35、分可以用逗号隔开现在分词短语部分可以用逗号隔开,更多时候我们更多时候我们会看到的是放在句首的形式会看到的是放在句首的形式.moreexamplesnHecamerunningallthewayfromthebusstop.n他从汽车站一路跑着过来。他从汽车站一路跑着过来。nHetrippedoverthecarpetleavingtheroom.n离开房间时离开房间时,他在地毯上绊了一跤。他在地毯上绊了一跤。nLeavingtheroom,hetrippedoverthecarpet.theywillhavetodowithouttheiraccustomedparentalprotectio
36、nnIhaventenoughmoneytobuyacar,soIlljusthavetodowithout(one).n我没有足够的钱买汽车我没有足够的钱买汽车,所以只好将就着所以只好将就着(不用车了不用车了)。nNeithercouldtheorydowithoutpractice,norcouldpracticedowithouttheory.n理论没有实践不行，实践没有理论也不行。理论没有实践不行，实践没有理论也不行。没有没有.也可以也可以theywillhavetodowithouttheiraccustomedparentalprotectionnbeaccustomedto(do
37、ing)sthn-Hereyesquicklybecameaccustomedtothedark.注意：注意：口语中更常使用口语中更常使用be/getusedto(doing)stha.惯常的，习惯了的惯常的，习惯了的naccustomoneselftosthn我花了好一阵子才适应了所有这些新的规章制度。我花了好一阵子才适应了所有这些新的规章制度。n-Ittookawhileformetoaccustommyselftoallthenewrulesandregulations.adapt/adjustParentsalwaysgivesuggestions,oreventakeonthetas
38、kthemselves.(L.37)n父母们一直在给他们出主意，甚至帮他们装箱打包。父母们一直在给他们出主意，甚至帮他们装箱打包。ntakeon承担承担(工作工作)n-Donttakeontoomuchwork.Healthismoreimportantthanmoney.Theytakealongunnecessaryitems.(L.38)ntakealong:带着带着(人或物人或物)n-Whydontyoutakeyourmotheralongtotheconcert?Imsureshewouldenjoyit.n你为什么不带母亲一起来听音乐会，我想她一定你为什么不带母亲一起来听音乐会，
39、我想她一定会喜欢的会喜欢的。OnestudentfromtheBrazilianSouthsucceededinstuffingtwoenormoussuitcasestotheircapacity,andhadtocopewithhercabinluggageaswell.(L.38-40)n译文：一个来自巴西南部的学生把译文：一个来自巴西南部的学生把2个大箱子塞得满满的，个大箱子塞得满满的，此外，还得考虑她随身携带的行李。此外，还得考虑她随身携带的行李。指可以随身带指可以随身带上飞机的行李，上飞机的行李，也叫机舱行李也叫机舱行李或或handluggage手提手提行李行李nto(ones)c
40、apacity:completelyfull满座，满载满座，满载n-Thisshipwasfilledtocapacitywithgoods.n船满载货物。船满载货物。n-大厅挤得满满的。大厅挤得满满的。nThehallisfilledtocapacity(withpeople).Para.9n7.Whydothesestudentsfeelnervouswhilewaitingforthedomesticflight?Theyreallyhavetorelyonthemselvesforeverythingfromthenon,andtheyarenotsurewhethertheycanm
41、anagetoadapttonewsituations.AnothermomentoftensiondescendswhilestudentsawaitthedomesticflightthatwilltakethemtotheirtemporaryhomeinAmerica.(L.46-47)waitfor等待等待a.暂时的暂时的反义词：反义词：permanent国内航班国内航班n译文：学生们在等待美国国内班机把他们带到译文：学生们在等待美国国内班机把他们带到在美国的临时的家时又紧张了一阵。在美国的临时的家时又紧张了一阵。Para.10nWhatarethetwoproblemsencoun
42、teredbythestudentsaftertheysettledown?Mostofthemarenotusedtofoodandlongforhome;somefinditdifficulttoobservetheregulationabouttime.“Thefoodheredoesntlooktoonourishing,”pinesFernandoAndrade.(L.51)n译文：译文：“这里的食物看上去不太有营养。这里的食物看上去不太有营养。”费尔费尔南多南多安德雷德哀怨地说。安德雷德哀怨地说。nnourishing:a.有营养的有营养的(=nutritious)n孩子们需要足够
43、的新鲜的，有营养的食物，孩子们需要足够的新鲜的，有营养的食物，n-Childrenneedplentyoffreshandnourishingfood.Oneimportantregulationoftheforeignstudyprogramhastodowiththetime,.(L.54)nhavetodowith:haveaconnectionwith和和有关有关n-Youdonothavetoworry,since_.(既然你和这件事没关系既然你和这件事没关系)youhavenothingtodowiththisaffairTheyrereallytough,”(L.56)ntoug
44、h:determined;self-willed;rigid,unyieldingna.强硬的，严厉的，不屈服的强硬的，严厉的，不屈服的natoughguy/problem/policyThisinturnpushesuptheprogramcost,(L.59)ninturn:(1)因此因此n-Theorycomesfrompracticeandinturnservespractice.n理论来源于实践，转而又服务于实践。理论来源于实践，转而又服务于实践。n(2)依次依次n-Heaskedthestudents_(依次复述故事依次复述故事)toretellthestoryinturn.Old
45、toNewanactofleaving:abletospeakalanguageverywell:departurefluentthepoweryouhavebecauseofyourofficialposition:tostateclearly:authorityspecifyabroad:save：overseaseconomize(on)move,pass,orgodown:rule/order:descendregulationintheeventofincaseofbe/getusedto:oneafteranotherbeaccustomedtointurnatfirstglanc
46、e乍一看乍一看达到目的；中肯达到目的；中肯hitthetarget不精通不精通withlittlecommandof国内航班国内航班domesticflightstuffthesuitcasetoitscapacity把箱子塞满把箱子塞满唯一的解决方案唯一的解决方案thesolesolution对大部分人来说对大部分人来说forthemajority这要看情况了。这要看情况了。It(all)depends.Translation exercisen1、对大多数父母来说，送孩子出国学习的决定对大多数父母来说，送孩子出国学习的决定是经过仔细考虑后作出的。是经过仔细考虑后作出的。他们会尽力在孩子离开
47、之前安排好一切。他们会尽力在孩子离开之前安排好一切。nFormostparents,thedecisiontosendchildrenabroadforstudyismadeaftercarefulthinking.Theywilltrytohaveeverythingworkedoutbeforetheirchildrenleave/depart.p.98 TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishdeparthaveworkedoutn2、杰克才开始工作了三个月，杰克才开始工作了三个月，经验尚不足，所以让他独立完成这项任务经验尚不足，所以让他独立完成
48、这项任务是有困难的。是有困难的。nJackhasonlybeenworkingforthreemonths,so,forlackofexperience,hewillhavedifficultyfinishingtaskalone.havedifficultyinlackofn3、只要你详细说明要我们做些什么，我们就只要你详细说明要我们做些什么，我们就会尽力帮你做好一切准备的。会尽力帮你做好一切准备的。nAslongasyouspecifywhatweareexpectedtodo,welltryourbesttohelpyougeteverythingready.specifygetread
49、yn4、苏珊以为自己会很快适应那儿的生活，可苏珊以为自己会很快适应那儿的生活，可后来发现事情没那么容易，于是她开始想家。后来发现事情没那么容易，于是她开始想家。nSusanhadthoughtshewouldadapttolifetheresoon,butshelaterfoundthingswerenotsoeasy,andshebegantofeelhomesick.adapttofeelhomesickn5、当离别时刻到来时，这些孩子忐忑不安起来，当离别时刻到来时，这些孩子忐忑不安起来，因为他们不知道自己是否能适应没有父母在身边因为他们不知道自己是否能适应没有父母在身边的生活。的生活。n
50、Tensiondescendedonthesechildrenwhenitwastimefordeparture,sincetheydidntknowwhethertheycouldadapttolifewithoutparents.departuredescendtensionTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.n1.他们都是因为同样的原因赴美的-学会流利的英语、完成中学学业以及尽可能了解有关美国生活方式的方方面面n2.对大多数学生来说，至少要经过6个月的精心筹划才能作出到国外学习的决定n3.“对我来说，”17岁的格洛里亚马卡托说:“学会讲英语
51、及体验这种经历比从美国政府那里拿到一张证书更为重要。”n4.甚至那些计划只在美国完成两个学期中学课程的年轻学生也很难找到接待家庭。很少有学生在到达这个国家时，就把一切细节都安排妥贴了的。n5.学生们在等待美国国内班机把他们带到在美国的临时家庭时也会觉得紧张。从那以后，每个人都得自己照料自己了。Homeworkn1.乍一看，这两幅画一模一样，但仔细看还是乍一看，这两幅画一模一样，但仔细看还是有细微的差别。有细微的差别。atfirstglancenAtfirstglance,thesetwopicturesareidentical/exactlythesame,butwhenyoulookatth
52、emclosely,therearesubtledifferences.n2.随着七天长假的临近，许多人正在准备去自随着七天长假的临近，许多人正在准备去自然景点旅游，放松自己然景点旅游，放松自己。nplanondoingsth.nWiththeseven-dayholidayathand/approaching,manypeopleareplanningontourstothenaturalscenicspotsforrelaxation/torelaxthemselves.n3.互联网就像一把双刃剑互联网就像一把双刃剑(adouble-edgedsword)。它对我们有益还是有害在很大程度。
53、它对我们有益还是有害在很大程度上取决于我们如何利用它。上取决于我们如何利用它。ndependonnTheInternetislikeadouble-edgedsword.Whetheritdoesgoodorharmtous(Whetheritisbeneficialorharmful)depends,toagreatextent/degree,onhowweuseit.nOR:largelydependson.n4.我们必须节约每一滴水，因为水资源不是取我们必须节约每一滴水，因为水资源不是取之不尽，用之不竭的。之不尽，用之不竭的。neconomizeonsth.nWemusteconomiz
54、eoneverydropofwater,forthewaterresourcesarenotinexhaustible/unlimited.n5.当你在国外生活时，明智之举是入乡随俗。当你在国外生活时，明智之举是入乡随俗。nadapt/accustomoneselftosth.nWhenyouliveinaforeigncountry,itiswisetoadapt/accustomyourselftothelocalcustomsn6.为为花钱，支付花钱，支付费费用用ntocovertheexpenseforsth.n很多大学生以很多大学生以勤工俭学勤工俭学的方式支付学业和日常的方式支付学业
55、和日常生活方面的费用，减轻家庭的经济负担。生活方面的费用，减轻家庭的经济负担。nAlotofcollegestudentstakepart-timejobstocovertheexpensesfortheirstudyanddailylifeandtoreduce/ease/lighten/lessenthefinancialburdenontheirfamilies.勤工俭学n如果指学校或社会的已有计划，则可用如果指学校或社会的已有计划，则可用ChinaDaily的的：part-workandpart-studysystem或work-studyprogramn如果指学生课余时间去工作以支持
56、自己读书的如果指学生课余时间去工作以支持自己读书的：self-supportstudyaself-supportstudentearningthetuitionbyoneselfn例如：实际上，发达国家的国立大学，私立大例如：实际上，发达国家的国立大学，私立大学决不是让学生家长承担所有的学习和生活费学决不是让学生家长承担所有的学习和生活费用，大部分学习费用和生活费用是靠学生勤工用，大部分学习费用和生活费用是靠学生勤工俭学收入来交纳的。俭学收入来交纳的。nInfactinbothstate-runandprivateuniversitiesindevelopedcountries,student
57、spaytheirtuitionfeesandcostsoflivingmostlybytheirincomethroughwork-studyprograminsteadofaskingfortheirparentshelp.nJackplannedtoworkhiswaythroughcollege.杰克打算勤工俭学读完大学。nJackworkedhiswaythroughcollegebywaitingtable.杰克靠在餐馆当侍者挣的钱念完了大学。Supplementary material仅供参考Whystudyabroad?n10reasonswhyyoushouldstudyin
58、aforeigncountrynHaveyouconsideredstudyingabroad,butarenotsurewhetheritsworthyourtime?Ifyouaskanybodywhohasstudiedabroad,heorshewillmostcertainlytellyouthatitisalife-changingexperienceandoneofthemostrewardingthingsheorshehaseverdone.Perhapsyourenotcertainwhatbenefitsyoucanreapfromanextendedstayinafor
59、eigncountry.Hereare10veryexcellentreasonswhyyoushouldtaketheplunge:1.Studyabroadistheoptimalwaytolearnalanguage.nThereisnobetterandmoreeffectivewaytolearnalanguagethantobeimmersedinaculturethatspeaksthelanguageyouarelearning.Youresurroundedbythelanguageonadailybasisandareseeingandhearingitintheprope
60、rculturalcontext.Languagelearninghappensmostquicklyunderthesecircumstances.2.Studyabroadprovidestheopportunitytotravel.nWeekendsandacademicbreaksallowyoutoventureoutandexploreyoursurroundings-bothyourimmediateandmoredistantsurroundings.Sincestudyingabroadoftenputsyouonacompletelydifferentcontinent,y
61、ouaremuchclosertoplacesyoumightotherwisenothavehadtheopportunitytovisit.Somemorestructuredstudyabroadprogramsevenhavefieldtripsplannedinoraroundthecurriculum.3.Studyabroadallowsyougettoknowanotherculturefirst-hand.nCulturaldifferencesaremorethanjustdifferencesinlanguage,food,appearances,andpersonalh
62、abits.Apersonsculturereflectsverydeepperceptions,beliefs,andvaluesthatinfluencehisorherwayoflifeandthewaythats/heviewstheworld.Studentswhoexperienceculturaldifferencespersonallycancometotrulyunderstandwhereotherculturesarecomingfrom.4.Studyabroadwillhelpyoudevelopskillsandgiveyouexperiencesaclassroo
63、msettingwillneverprovide.nBeingimmersedinanentirelynewculturalsettingisscaryatfirst,butitsalsoexciting.Itsanopportunitytodiscovernewstrengthsandabilities,conquernewchallenges,andsolvenewproblems.Youwillencountersituationsthatarewhollyunfamiliartoyouandwilllearntoadaptandrespondineffectiveways.5.Stud
64、yabroadaffordsyoutheopportunitytomakefriendsaroundtheworld.nWhileabroad,youwillmeetnotonlynativestothecultureinwhichyouarestudying,butalsootherinternationalstudentswhoareasfarfromhomeasyourself.6.Studyabroadhelpsyoutolearnaboutyourself.nStudentswhostudyabroadreturnhomewithnewideasandperspectivesabou
65、tthemselvesandtheirownculture.Theexperienceabroadoftenchallengesthemtoreconsidertheirownbeliefsandvalues.Theexperiencemayperhapsstrengthenthosevaluesoritmaycausestudentstoalterorabandonthemandembracenewconceptsandperceptions.Theencounterwithotherculturesenablesstudentstoseetheirownculturethroughnewe
66、yes.7.Studyabroadexpandsyourworldview.nIncomparisonwithcitizensofmostothercountries,Americanstendtobeuninformedabouttheworldbeyondthenationsboundaries.Studentswhostudyabroadreturnhomewithaninformedandmuchlessbiasedperspectivetowardotherculturesandpeoples.8.Studyabroadgivesyoutheopportunitytobreakout
67、ofyouracademicroutine.nStudyabroadislikelytobemuchunlikewhatyouareusedtodoingasastudent.Youmaybecomefamiliarwithanentirelynewacademicsystemandyouwillhavethechancetotakecoursesnotofferedonyourhomecampus.Itsalsoagreatopportunitytobreakoutthemonotonyoftheroutineyoufollowsemesteraftersemester.9.Studyabr
68、oadenhancesemploymentopportunities.nDidyouknowthatonly4%ofU.S.undergraduateseverstudyabroad?Yet,theworldcontinuestobecomemoreglobalized,Americancountriesareincreasinglyinvestingdollarsabroad,andcompaniesfromcountriesaroundtheworldcontinuetoinvestintheinternationalmarket.Throughanemployerseyes,astude
69、ntwhohasstudiedabroadisself-motivated,independent,willingtoembracechallenges,andabletocopewithdiverseproblemsandsituations.Yourexperiencelivingandstudyinginaforeigncountry,negotiatinganotherculture,andacquiringanotherlanguagewillallsetyouapartfromthemajorityofotherjobapplicants.10.Studyabroadcanenha
70、ncethevalueofyourdegree.nWhileabroad,youcantakecoursesyouwouldneverhavehadtheopportunitytotakeonyourhomecampus.Inaddition,studyabroadgivesyourlanguageskillssuchaboostthatitisnormallyquiteeasytoaddaminorinalanguageorevenasecondmajorwithouthavingtotakemanymoreadditionalcoursesafterthereturntoyourhomec
71、ampus.The following is a brief description of the American education systemPrimaryschoolnAmericanchildrenstartschoolattheageoffiveyears.Thefirstyearatschooliscalledkindergarten.ItisrequiredofallAmericanchildrenenrolledintheAmericaneducationsystem.Thesecondyearatschoolisconsideredthefirstyearofprimar
72、yschoolandisreferredtoasfirstgrade.InAmerica,thewordgradehastwomeanings:(1)thescoreachievedonanexamorinacourse,and(2)ayearofeducationinprimaryorsecondaryschool.Primaryschoolmostcommonlyconsistsoffiveyearsofeducation,referredtoasfirstthroughfifthgrades.SecondaryschoolnUponcompletionoffifthgrade(thela
73、styearofprimaryschool),AmericanchildrenenrolledintheAmericaneducationsystemadvancetosecondaryschool.Secondaryschoolmostcommonlyconsistsofatotalofsevenyears,referredtoassixththroughtwelfthgrades.Theninththroughtwelfthgradesaremostcommonlyreferredtoashighschool.Uponcompletionoftwelfthgrade,Americanstu
74、dentsareawardedacertificatecalledthehighschooldiploma.IntheAmericaneducationsystem,studentsmusthaveobtainedahighschooldiplomabeforetheyareadmittedintocollegeoruniversity.ForeignstudentswhowouldliketoattendanAmericancollegeoruniversitymusthavecompletedcourseworkthatisequivalenttowhatistaughtatanAmeri
75、canhighschool.ForeignstudentswhowouldliketoattendanAmericanhighschool,needtoconsiderhowthehighschooltheyselectwillgivethemaccesstothebestcolleges.YoucanalsolearnaboutsomeofthefinestgirlsboardingschoolsandboysboardingschoolsintheAmericaneducationsystem.UndergraduateschoolnStudentswhohavecompletedhigh
76、schoolandwouldliketoattendcollegeoruniversitymustattendwhatisreferredtoasanundergraduateschool.Theseareschoolsthatoffereitheratwo-yeardegree(calledanassociatedegree)orafour-yeardegree(calledabachelorsdegree)inaspecificcourseofstudy.Thatcourseofstudyiscalledthemajor.Whilemostschoolsthatofferafour-yea
77、rdegreewilladmitstudentswhohavenotyetchosenamajor,allstudentsarerequiredtoselect(ordeclare)amajorbytheirsecondyearatschool.Studentswhocompleteanassociatedegreecancontinuetheireducationatafour-yearschoolandeventuallycompleteabachelordegree.GraduateschoolnStudentswhohaveobtainedabachelorsdegreecancont
78、inuetheireducationbypursuingoneoftwotypesofdegrees.Thefirstisamastersdegree.Thisisusuallyatwo-yeardegreethatishighlyspecializedinaspecificfield.Studentsaresometimesadmittedtoamastersdegreeprogramonlyiftheyhaveabachelorsdegreeinacloselyrelatedfield.However,therearemanyexceptionstothis,suchaswithstude
79、ntswhowanttopursueaMastersinBusinessAdministration(MBA)degree.Studentswhowanttoadvancetheireducationevenfurtherinaspecificfieldcanpursueadoctoratedegree,alsocalledaPhD.APhDdegreecantakebetweenthreeandsixyearstocomplete,dependingonthecourseofstudychosen,theabilityofthestudent,andthethesisthatthestude
80、nthasselected.Thethesisisaveryintensiveresearchpaperthatmustbecompletedpriortoearningthedegree.ItisalwaysrequiredofstudentspursuingaPhD,andmaysometimesberequiredofstudentspursuingamastersdegree(dependingontheschool).nCertaincoursesofstudyareonlyavailableatthegraduateschoollevelinAmerica.Themostnotableofthesearelaw,dentistry,andmedicine.Studentswhowanttopursueadegreeinoneofthesefieldsmustfirstobtainabachelorsdegree.
