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1、高三英语总复习语法系列训练高三英语总复习语法系列训练倒倒 装装 结结 构构()南莫中学高三英语备课组南莫中学高三英语备课组(一一)强调句句 在在强调句句型型“It is / was + 被被强调成成分分 + that / who +其其他他句句子子成成分分”中，被中，被强调成分可以是句中的主成分可以是句中的主语、宾语、状、状语等。等。 1把把握握强调句句型型的的判判断断标准准去去掉掉强调句句式式结构构或或语序序，经过相相应调整整后后，原原句句仍仍然然立立。例例如如：It was because he was ill that he did not come to see you; 去去掉掉强调
2、句句型型的的句句式式结构构“It was. that.”之后，原句仍然成立。之后，原句仍然成立。 2注意：注意：(1) 强调句中何句中何时用用is, 何何时用用was。 (2)强调句型的一般疑句型的一般疑问句式和特殊疑句式和特殊疑问句式。句式。 (3)区区别强调句型中句型中it与主与主语从句中的从句中的it。 3当当“被被强调成分成分”指人指人时，可以用，可以用who，其他情况一律用其他情况一律用that。 (二二)倒装句倒装句 重点把握需要倒装的几种情况：重点把握需要倒装的几种情况： 1so.that. 或或such.that.表示表示结果状果状语从句的句型中，将从句的句型中，将so1 1、
3、倒装句之全部倒装、倒装句之全部倒装 全全部部倒倒装装是是只只将将句句子子中中的的谓谓语语动动词词全全部部置置于于主主语语之之前前。此此结结构构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1) 1) here, here, there, there, now, now, then, then, thusthus等等副副词词置置于于句句首首, , 谓谓语语动动词词常常用用be, come, go, lie, runbe, come, go, lie, run等，例如：等，例如： There goes the bell.There goes the
4、 bell./ Then came the chairman./ Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. Here is your letter.2) 2) 表表示示运运动动方方向向的的副副词词或或地地点点状状语语置置于于句句首首，谓谓语语表表示示运运动动的的动动词词，例如：例如： Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. Ahead sat an old woman
5、.注意：注意：注意：注意： 上上述述全全部部倒倒装装的的句句型型结结构构的的主主语语必必须须是是名名词词，如如果果主主语语是是人人称称代词则不能完全倒装。例如：代词则不能完全倒装。例如： Here he comes.Here he comes./ Away they went./ Away they went.2 2、倒装句之部分倒装、倒装句之部分倒装 部部分分倒倒装装是是指指将将谓谓语语的的一一部部分分如如助助动动词词或或情情态态倒倒装装至至主主语语之之前前。如如果果句句中中的的谓谓语语没没有有助助动动词词或或情情态态动动词词，则则需需添添加加助助动动词词do, do, doesdoes或或
6、diddid，并将其置于主语之前。并将其置于主语之前。1) 1) 句句首首为为否否定定或或半半否否定定的的词词语语，如如 no, no, not, not, never, never, seldom, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。等。 Never have I seen such a performance.Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will
7、you find the answer to this question. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not Not until until the the child child fell fell asleep asleep did did the the mother mother leave leave the the room.room. 当当Not until Not until 引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意：注意：注意：注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装，例
8、如：如否定词不在句首不倒装，例如： I have never seen such a performance.I have never seen such a performance. The The mother mother didnt didnt leave leave the the room room until until the the child child fell fell asleep.asleep.典型例题典型例题典型例题典型例题 Why cant I smoke here? Why cant I smoke here? At no time _ in the meet
9、ing-room. At no time _ in the meeting-room. A. is smoking permitted A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit D. does smoking permit答答案案A A. . 这这是是一一个个倒倒装装问问题题。当当否否定定词词语语置置于于句句首首以以表表示示强强调调时时，其其
10、句句中中的的主主谓谓须须用用倒倒装装结结构构。这这些些否否定定词词包包括括no, no, little, little, hardly, hardly, seldom, seldom, never, never, not not only, only, not not untiluntil等等。本本题题的的正正常常语语序序是是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.Not Not until until the the ear
11、ly early years years of of the the 19th 19th century century _ _ what what heat is.heat is.A. man did knowA. man did know B. man know B. man know C. didnt man knowC. didnt man know D. did man knowD. did man know答答案案D D. . 看看到到Not Not untiluntil的的句句型型，我我们们知知道道为为一一倒倒装装句句，答答案案在在C C，D D 中中选选一一个个。改改写写为为正
12、正常常语语序序为为，Man Man did did not not know know what what heat heat is is until until the the early early years years of of the the 19th. 19th. 现现在在将将notnot提提前前，后后面面就就不不能再用否定了能再用否定了, ,否则意思就变了。否则意思就变了。 3 3 3 3、以否定词开头作部分倒装、以否定词开头作部分倒装、以否定词开头作部分倒装、以否定词开头作部分倒装如如: Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No so
13、oner than Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.典型例题典型例题典型例题典型例题 No sooner _ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun
14、 C. did the game begin D. had the game begun答答案案D. 以以具具有有否否定定意意义义的的副副词词放放在在句句首首时时，一一般般采采用用倒倒装装句句(谓谓语语前前置置)。这这类类表表示示否否定定意意义义的的词词有有never, never, seldom, seldom, scarcely, scarcely, little, little, few, few, not, not, hardly, hardly, 以以以以及及及及not not onlybut onlybut (also), (also), no no soonerthan, soo
15、nerthan, hardly hardly when scarcely whenwhen scarcely when等等。等等。注注注注意意意意：只只有有当当Not only but also连连接接两两个个分分句句时时，才才在在第第一一个个分分句句用用倒倒装装结结构构。如如果果置置于于句句首首的的Not only but also仅仅连连接接两两个个并并列列词词语，不可用倒装结构。语，不可用倒装结构。 Not only you but also I am fond of music.4 4 4 4、so, neither, norso, neither, norso, neither, n
16、orso, neither, nor 作部分倒装作部分倒装作部分倒装作部分倒装 表示表示“ “也也” ”、“ “也不也不” ” 的句子要部分倒装，例如：的句子要部分倒装，例如： Tom can speak French. So can Jack. Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you wont go, neither will I. If you wont go, neither will I.典型例题典型例题 - - Do you know Jim Do you know Jim quarrelledquarrelled with his bro
17、ther? with his brother? - I dont know, _. - I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care A. nor dont I careB. nor do I careB. nor do I care C. I dont care neither C. I dont care neitherD. I dont care alsoD. I dont care also答答案案B B B B。nornor为为增增补补意意思思 也也不不关关心心 ，因因此此句句子子应应倒倒装装。A.A.错错在在用用 dont dont 再次否定，再次否定，C.
18、 neither C. neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。用法不对且缺乏连词。D. D. 缺乏连词。缺乏连词。注注意意：当当soso引引出出的的句句子子用用以以对对上上文文内内容容加加以以证证实实或或肯肯定定时时，不不可可用倒装结构。意为用倒装结构。意为 的确如此的确如此 。 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. “Its raining hard.” “So it is.” “Its raining hard.” “So it is
19、.”5 5 5 5、as, thoughas, thoughas, thoughas, though 引导的倒装句引导的倒装句引导的倒装句引导的倒装句 as / though引引导导的的让让步步从从句句必必须须将将表表语语或或状状语语提提前前（形形容容词词, 副词副词, 分词分词, 实义动词提前），例如：实义动词提前），例如： Old as my father is, he keeps up with his English study. Child as he is, he knows something of electricity. Tired as he was, he continu
20、ed to work. Young as she was, she was already director of a factory. Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.注意：注意：注意：注意： 1) 句句首首名名词词不不能能带带任任何何冠冠词词。句句首首是是实实义义动动词词, 其其他他助助动动词词放放在在主主语语后后。如如果果实实义义动动词词有有宾宾语语和和状状语语,随随实实义义动动词词一一起起放放在在主主语之前。语之前。 2) 让让步步状状语语从从句句中中，有有though，alt
21、hough时时，后后面面的的主主句句不不能能有有 but，但是但是 though 和和yet可连用。可连用。 6 6 6 6、onlyonlyonlyonly在句首要倒装的情况在句首要倒装的情况在句首要倒装的情况在句首要倒装的情况 Only in this way, can you learn English well.Only in this way, can you learn English well. Only Only after after being being asked asked three three times times did did he he come come
22、 to to the the meeting.meeting. 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装，例如：如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装，例如： Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.7 7 7 7、其他部分倒装、其他部分倒装、其他部分倒装、其他部分倒装1) 1) so that so that 句型中的句型中的so so 位于句首时，需倒装。位于句首时，需倒装。 So frighte
23、ned was he that he did not dare to move an inch. So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.2) 2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中：在某些表示祝愿的句型中： May you all be happy. May you all be happy.3) 3) 在在虚虚拟拟语语气气条条件件句句中中从从句句谓谓语语动动词词有有were, were, had, had, shouldshould等等词词，可可将将if if 省省略略，把把 were, were, had, had, sh
24、ould should 移移到到主主语语之之前前，采采取取部部分分倒倒装。装。 Were I you, I would try it again. Were I you, I would try it again.典型例题：典型例题：典型例题：典型例题：1. Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know2. Not until I began to work _ how much time I
25、had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realize3. Do you know Tom bought a new car? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also答案为答案为D。 Not until 引导的词组位于句首，后面的句子要倒装。引导的词组位于句首，后面的句子要倒装。答案为答案为B。 Not until 引导从句位于句首，后面的主句要倒装。引导从句位于句首，后面的主句要倒装。答答案案为为B。句句中中的的nor引引出出部部分分倒倒装装结结构构，表表示示也也不不。由由 so, neither, nor引引导导的的倒倒装装句句，表表示示前前一一情情况况的的重重复复出出现现。其其中中, so用用于肯定句于肯定句, 而而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。用在否定句中。
