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1、Unit2-Iconic-Attractions-单元语法过去分词的用法(教学课件)Unit2-Iconic-Attractions-单元语法观察上面句子,并说出画线部分的作用1.fallensnow_2.adesignmadebynature_过去分词过去分词, 作前置定语作前置定语过去分词短语过去分词短语, 作后置定语。作后置定语。观察上面句子,并说出画线部分的作用过去分词,作前置定语过过去分词是非谓语动词形式之一。过去分词保留着动词的部分特性,有完成或被动含义,可带状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上,过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似,在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语等成分
2、。一、过去分词作定语及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动,只表示完成。过去分词是非谓语动词形式之一。(1)表示被动和完成apollutedriver一条被污染的河流thewateredflowers浇过水的花(2)只表示完成,不表示被动fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起的太阳(1)表示被动和完成过去分词作定语单个的过去分词作定语时,通常放在所修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在后面,其作用相当于一个定语从句。*Awatchedpotneverboils.谚语心急锅不开。*Thestudentdressed in white
3、ismydaughter.=Thestudentwho is dressed in whiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。过去分词作定语语法填空(1)Someofthepeople_(invite)tothepartycantcome.(2)Thetrees_(blow)downinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.(3)Thepolicewillcomesoontotakeawaythe_(damage)car.invitedblowndamaged语法填空invitedblowndamaged二、过去分词作表语位于系动词(如be,g
4、et,become,look,feel,seem等)之后,多表示主语的状态或状况,它所体现的是形容词的特性。*Shelooksdisappointed.她看上去很失望。*Wewereencouragedatthenews.听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。二、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时,强调主语所处的状态,而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。*Thecup is broken.杯子破了。(系表结构)*Thecupwas broken byTom.杯子是被汤姆打破的。(被动语态)过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别语法填空(1)Iwastoo_(tire)tow
5、alkanyfurther.(2)Whenheheardthe_(move)story,hewasdeeply_(move).(3)Tomwasmore_(surprise)than_(disappoint)atthisnews.(4)BothheandIare_(satisfy)withtheresult.tiredmovingmovedsurpriseddisappointedsatisfied语法填空tiredmovingmovedsurprisedd三、过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语有着动宾关系,宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。*HewatchedtheTVsetc
6、arriedoutoftheroom.他看着电视机被搬出了房间。*Lastyeartheyhadthehouserebuilt.去年他们让人重建了房子。三、过去分词作宾语补足语几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)1.表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语),如see,watch,observe,find,lookat,hear,listento,feel,notice,think等。*IheardthesongsunginEnglish.我听到有人用英语唱这首歌。几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)2.表示“致、使”意义的动词,如have,make,get,keep,leave等。Th
7、eymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish.他们用了很简单的英语以使别人能听懂。Dontleavethosethingsundone.要把那些事情做完。2.表示“致、使”意义的动词,如have,make,have+宾语+过去分词”的三种含义(1)表示“让某人做某事”*Illhave my hair cuttomorrow.明天我要去理发。(2)表示“遭遇某种不幸;受到打击”*Hehad his wallet stolen.他的钱包被偷了。(3)做某事(主语可能参与其中)*Ihad my house repairedla
8、stweek.上周,我修补了房子。have+宾语+过去分词”的三种含义3.表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词,如like,want,wish,order等。*Theteacherdoesntwishsuchquestions(tobe)discussedinclass.老师不希望在课堂上讨论这样的问题。*Thepolice,findingthefilmunhealthy,ordereditbanned.警察发现这部电影不健康,令其禁演。3.表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词,如like,wa语法填空(1)Youdbetterhaveyourshoes_(mend).(2)Thefatherwantsh
9、isdaughter_(teach)thepiano.(3)Isawanoldman_(knock)downbyacar.(4)Idlikethejob_(do)whenIcomebackfromthejourney.mendedtaughtknockeddone语法填空mendedtaughtknockeddone四、过去分词(短语)作状语表示被动或完成的动作,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。1.作时间状语过去分词作时间状语时,相当于一个when,while,after,once等引导的时间状语从句。Once published(=Onceitispublished),th
10、edictionarywillbeverypopular.一旦出版,这本词典将大受欢迎。四、过去分词(短语)作状语2.作原因状语过去分词作原因状语时,相当于一个as,since,because等引导的原因状语从句。*Absorbed in painting(=Because John was absorbed in painting), John didntnoticeeveningapproaching.由于专心画画,约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。3.作条件状语过去分词作条件状语时,相当于一个if,unless等引导的条件状语从句。*Givenanotherhour(=IfIamgivenan
11、otherhour),Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.如果再给我一个小时,我也能把这道题算出来。2.作原因状语4.作让步状语过去分词作让步状语时,相当于一个though,although,evenif/though等引导的让步状语从句。*Beatenbytheoppositeteam(=Thoughwewerebeatenbytheoppositeteam),wedidntloseheartandencouragedeachother.虽然被对方的队打败了,但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。4.作让步状语5.作方式或伴随状语过去分词作方式或伴随状语时,可以转换成一个并列句。*
12、Theoldmangotonthebus,supportedbyagirl(=andhewassupportedbyagirl).在一位姑娘的搀扶下,老人上了公共汽车。5.作方式或伴随状语过去分词作状语的注意事项(1)过去分词作状语时,其前面可以带有相应的连词,如when,though,although,asif,asthough,if,unless,until,once等,表时间、让步、条件、方式等。*If (Iam)invited,Iwillattendtheweddingofmyfriend.如果受到邀请,我会参加我朋友的婚礼。(2)过去分词(短语)作状语时,分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要
13、一致。*Caught,thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice.(caught的逻辑主语为thethief)小偷如果被抓,就会受到警方的处罚。过去分词作状语的注意事项(3)有些过去分词已形容词化,作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有satisfied,surprised,interested,moved,worried,pleased,disappointed等。*Disappointedattheexaminationresults,thegirlstoodtherewithoutsayingaword.因为对考试结果很失望,小女孩站在那里一句话也没说。(3)有些过去分词
14、已形容词化,作状语时表示人的状态。常见的语法填空(1)_(leave)tohimself,thebabybegantocry.(2)Sheacceptedthegift,deeply_(move).(3)Wewenttothecinema,_(fill)withexcitement.(4)Once_(pour),watercannotbetakenback.Leftmovedfilledpoured语法填空Leftmovedfilledpoured单句语法填空1.Thebridgewasdamagedintheflood,_(result)inthetrainfallingintotheriv
15、er.2._(guide)byanartist,thegirlmademuchprogress.3._(blame)forherfaults,thelittlegirlwasinlowspirits.4.Thesalesgirlatlasthandledthedifficultcustomerandgavea_(satisfy)smile.5.Dontdrink_(pollute)waterbecauseitcancausediseases.resultingGuidedBlamedsatisfiedpolluted单句语法填空resultingGuidedBlamedsat6.Tomwasg
16、oingthroughthecrowdwhenheheardhisname_(call).7.WhenIcamein,Ifoundastrangegirl_(seat)inthecorner.8.Though_(defeat)manytimes,themandidntloseheart.9._(raise)inthepoorestareaofGlasgow,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomeafootballstar.10.Nomatterhowfrequently_(perform),theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallover
17、theworld.calledseateddefeatedRaisedperformed6.Tomwasgoingthroughthec用过去分词完成下面的句子1.Theybecame_theystayedawakeallnight.他们变得如此担心,以至于一整晚都没有睡觉。2.Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit_.早餐他只喝自家农场出产的新鲜水果汁。3.Theyoungman,_,isdeterminedtostarthisownfirm.这个年轻人厌倦了为别人工作,决心创办自己的公司。so worried thatgrown on his
18、 own farmtired of working for others用过去分词完成下面的句子soworriedthatgr4.Children,_,areallowedtoenterthestadium.孩子们在父母的陪同下可以进入体育场。5._,thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.这本书写得清晰且深思熟虑,激发了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的信心。6.Claire_anhourbeforeherplaneleft.克莱尔在飞机起飞前一小时让人检查了行李。when accompanied by th
19、eir parentsClearly and thoughtfully writtenhad her luggage checked4.Children,_7.Whenhegottoschool,_.当他到学校时,他看见门锁着。8.Youdbetter_.你最好叫人把这座危楼推倒。9.Theconcert_wasasuccess.他们的朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。10.Iquicklyloweredmyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyes_.我迅速弯下身,低下头,避免直视他的眼睛,这样他就不会感觉受到了挑战。he saw the
20、door lockedhave/get the dangerous building pulled downgiven by their friendsso he didnt feel challenged7.Whenhegottoschool,_根据提示使用本单元所学的语法知识翻译下面语段这位年轻的女画家雄心勃勃,她想把她的画陈列(display)在画廊里,但她不知道这些画是否会很受欢迎。在父母的鼓励(encourage)下,她按计划(plan)展出了她的作品。这些画得(paint)很漂亮的作品一经展出,人们就赞不绝口。她和她的父母都对这个结果感到满意(satisfy)。根据提示使用本单元所
21、学的语法知识翻译下面语段_Theyoungwomanpainterwasambitiousandshewantedherpaintingsdisplayed inthegallery,butshewonderedwhethertheywouldbeverypopular.Encouraged byherparents, shehadthemshownas planned.Oncethebeautifully painted workswereonshow,thepeoplepraisedthemalot.Bothsheandherparentswere satisfied withtheresult._感谢聆听
