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1、Boys and girls, in this period you willLearn some types of inferencePractise by doing some short passagesDiscuss with your group and find out the technique to solve different types of inference How to make logical inference?ReadingComprehensionThere are three men on a train. Mr A speaks English and
2、Chinese. Mr B speaksFrench and English. Mr C can only talk with Mr A. What language does Mr C speak? Chinese. what is inference?Inferenceissomethingthatyoucanfindoutindirectlybyusinginformationthatyoualreadyknow.How?I. Types of inference1)Inferencebasedoncertaindetailsorfacts (推断隐含意义推断隐含意义) 2)Infere
3、ncebasedonthewritingpurposes(推断写作目的推断写作目的)3)Inferencebasedontheauthorsopinionsorattitudes(推断作者观点与态推断作者观点与态度度)4)Inferencebasedonlogicalrelationshipofthecontext(推断因果关系推断因果关系)TypeAInferencebasedoncertaindetailsorfactsII. Practice and conclusioni. Read passage 1，and then choose the best answer. ii.Check
4、 your answers with your partner, and conclude the best method for solving problems in type 2 (group work)(passage1) (2011北京卷北京卷) . Im not saying that I wont ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change ,Im sticking to my plan. A f
5、ew hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.66.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author _A. is quite stubborn B. will give up teaching history C. will change his teaching plan soon D. values technology-free dialogues in his class 2)InferenceaboutfactsQuestionf
6、orms(设问方式设问方式): It can be inferred from the text that . From the text we know that . The writer suggests that . The story implies that . We can infer conclude from the passage that .这类题干中通常含有这类题干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,conclude等标志性词语等标志性词语。1.Inference based on certain details or factsDiscussion:The
7、bestmethodforsolvingproblemsintype1is_(推断隐含意义推断隐含意义)技巧点拨技巧点拨1).忠实原文忠实原文,进行合乎逻辑的推理。进行合乎逻辑的推理。2).读出字里行间隐含的意义。读出字里行间隐含的意义。3).不要选择表层信息不要选择表层信息,不选择照抄原文的选项，不选择照抄原文的选项，要选择有同义词解释的选项。要选择有同义词解释的选项。Type2 InferencebasedonthewritingpurposesII. Practice and conclusioni. Read passage(2), and then choose the best a
8、nswer. (individual work) (2)Thewatchcomesinaverybeautifulcasewithacrocodiledesignonit.Togetawatchinsuchaperfectdesignmeanstogetachancetoknowapieceofwatch-makinghistoryandtowearsuchawatchwillshowyourpersonaltasteandsocialposition.Youcangetthewatcheitherinpersonorbymailallanaffordableprice.Youwillalso
9、receivegoodservicefromthewatchseller.Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwiththewatchafteryougetit,youmaysimplyreturnitwithin30days.Dontmissthechancetorealizeyourdream.1.Thepurposeofthepassageistoencouragethereadersto.A.buythewatchB.returnthewatchC.wearthewatchD.receivetheserviceDiscussion:Thebestmethodforsolvingpr
10、oblemsintype2is_(2)根据根据文体类别文体类别推断写作目的推断写作目的(1)观察并分析作者在文段中使用的表观察并分析作者在文段中使用的表目的的动词目的的动词(推断写作目的推断写作目的)技巧点拨技巧点拨常见的写作目的归纳常见的写作目的归纳不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的,但写但写作目的通常有以下三种：作目的通常有以下三种：(1)toentertainreaders（娱乐读者，（娱乐读者，让人发笑）让人发笑）(2)topersuadereaders（说服读者接（说服读者接受某种观点）受某种观点）(3)toinformreaders（告知读者某些（告知读者
11、某些信息）信息）常见于常见于故事类故事类的文章。的文章。tomakepeoplelaugh;totellaninterestingexperience常见于常见于广告类广告类的文章。的文章。tosellaproductoraservice;toattractmorevisitors/readers/audience多见于多见于科普类科普类新闻报道类新闻报道类文化类或文化类或社会类社会类的文章的文章.Type3InferencebasedontheauthorsopinionsorattitudesII. Practice and conclusioni. Read passage(3),(4)
12、, and then choose the best answer. NowandagainIhavehadhorribledreams,butnotenoughofthemmakemelosemydelightindreams.Mostpeopledonotseemtoacceptdreamingaspartoftheirlives.Theyappeartoseeitasanannoyinglittlehabit,likesneezing(打喷嚏打喷嚏).Icanneverunderstandthis.Mydreamlifedoesnotseemasimportantasmywakingli
13、febecausethereisfarlessofit,buttomeitisimportant.Q:Whatistheauthorsattitudetowarddreaming?A.HelikesitB.Hethinksitpuzzling.B.C.HeusedtolikeitD.Hedislikesit(3)Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers,commercialradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwit
14、houtthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaper,orcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogrammersisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice!Q: The attitude of the author toward advertisers is _ A. appreciative. B. trustworthy. C. critical.
15、D. dissatisfactory.(4)Questionforms(设问方式设问方式):What is the authors attitude toward?The attitude of the author towardis_?The writer thought that_.What does the writer like?whats the writers feeling?InferencebasedontheauthorsopinionsorattitudesDiscussion:Thebestmethodforsolvingproblemsintype3is_(推断作者观点
16、与态度推断作者观点与态度)技巧点拨技巧点拨1).利用句子之间利用句子之间承接承接与与转换关系转换关系推断推断2).注意作者表达感情色彩的注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子词及所举的例子，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。表达作者情感与态度常用词汇？表达作者情感与态度常用词汇？表达作者情感与态度常用词汇小结：表达作者情感与态度常用词汇小结：客观的客观的主观的主观的积极的积极的消极的消极的中立的中立的赞成的赞成的反对的反对的不感兴趣的不感兴趣的讽刺的讽刺的批评的批评的objectivesubjectivepositivenegative neu
17、tralapprovingdisapprovingindifferentsarcasticcriticaloptimisticpessimisticdoubtfulsuspicious questioning乐观的乐观的悲观的悲观的怀疑的怀疑的质问的质问的不敢肯定的不敢肯定的Type4 InferencebasedonlogicalrelationshipofthecontextII. Practice and conclusioni. Read passage(5), and then choose the best answer. (5) Sally arrived early. As s
18、he walked around the old house, she couldnt help feeling sad because of what was about to happen. It was almost a year since her dear grandmother had passed away in this house at the age of ninety-two. The family had very much wanted to keep all her things. Unfortunately, the family business had fai
19、led and left them with heavy debts. The bank now forced them to have an auction sale to repay their debts. The auction was to be held today.Why did Sally feel sad when she came to the old house? A. Because her grandmother had died. B. Because her family were in heavy debts. C. Because she knew she c
20、ould pay for the debts. D. Because her family had to sell her grandmas belongings.Discussion:Thebestmethodforsolvingproblemsintype4is_用题干或选项中的用题干或选项中的关键词关键词在文中搜索在文中搜索( (寻读寻读) )找到找到题眼题眼，迅速，迅速锁定范围（相关词句或信锁定范围（相关词句或信息点息点），分析相关句子之间的逻辑关系），分析相关句子之间的逻辑关系(because/for/as/therefore/thus(because/for/as/therefor
21、e/thus），），从而选出正确答案。从而选出正确答案。(推断因果关系推断因果关系)技巧点拨技巧点拨Whatdidwelearninthisperiod?ConclusionDifferenttypesofinferenceinreadingcomprehensionandsomegoodwaystosolvethem.I. Types of inference1)Inferencebasedoncertaindetailsorfacts (推断隐含意义推断隐含意义) 2)Inferencebasedonthewritingpurposes(推断写作目的推断写作目的)3)Inferenceba
22、sedontheauthorsopinionsorattitudes(推断作者观点与态推断作者观点与态度度)4)Inferencebasedonlogicalrelationshipofthecontext(推断因果关系推断因果关系)Waysofsolvedifferenttypesofinference1.(推断隐含意义推断隐含意义)技巧点拨技巧点拨1).忠实原文忠实原文,进行合乎逻辑的推理。进行合乎逻辑的推理。2).读出字里行间隐含的意义。读出字里行间隐含的意义。3).不要选择表层信息不要选择表层信息,不选择照抄原文的选项，不选择照抄原文的选项，要选择有同义词解释的选项。要选择有同义词解释
23、的选项。(2)根据根据文体类别文体类别推断写作目的推断写作目的(1)观察并分析作者在文段中使用的表观察并分析作者在文段中使用的表目的的动词目的的动词2.(推断写作目的推断写作目的)技巧点拨技巧点拨3.(推断作者观点与态度推断作者观点与态度)技巧点拨技巧点拨1).利用句子之间利用句子之间承接承接与与转换关系转换关系推断推断2).注意作者表达感情色彩的注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子词及所举的例子，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。Waysofsolvedifferenttypesofinference用题干或选项中的用题干或选项中的关键词关
24、键词在文中搜索在文中搜索( (寻读寻读) )找到找到题眼题眼，迅速，迅速锁定范围（相关词句或信息点锁定范围（相关词句或信息点），分），分析相关句子之间的逻辑关系析相关句子之间的逻辑关系(because/for/as/therefore/thus(because/for/as/therefore/thus），从而选），从而选出正确答案。出正确答案。4.(推断因果关系推断因果关系)技巧点拨技巧点拨HomeworkFinishtheconsolidationexercisesMorePractice(14)Irecentlyturnedfifty,whichisyoungforatree,midli
25、feforanelephant,andancientforasportsman.FiftyisanicenumberforthestatesintheUSorforanationalspeedlimit,butitisnotanumberthatIwaspreparedtohavehungonme.Fiftyissupposedtobemyfathersage,butnowIamstuckwiththisnumberandeverythingitmeans.Q：TheauthorseemstotellusinParagraph1that_.（2007天津）天津）A.timealonewilltellB.timegoesbyquicklyC.timewillshowwhatisrightD.timemakesoneforgetthepast
