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1、高中英语语法填空解题策略高中英语语法填空解题策略HowtodoGrammarBlank-filling泰安一中泰安一中王海军王海军第二节第二节 ： 共共10小题，每小题小题，每小题1.5分。在一篇分。在一篇200词左右的语言材料中留出词左右的语言材料中留出10个空白，部分空白个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容（文填写空白处所需的内容（1个单词）或所提供个单词）或所提供单词的正确形式。单词的正确形式。考纲解读考纲解读解读：解读： 1.无提示词空格：只填一个单词无提示词空格：只填一个单词 2.有提示词空格：所提
2、供单词的正确形式有提示词空格：所提供单词的正确形式能力要求能力要求 在正确理解文章主旨大意的基础上，考查学生对在正确理解文章主旨大意的基础上，考查学生对英语语法和语篇的掌握情况和实际英语能力，重点考英语语法和语篇的掌握情况和实际英语能力，重点考查学生对词汇、语法规则和构词知识的掌握情况，以查学生对词汇、语法规则和构词知识的掌握情况，以及特定语境中的语言应用能力。及特定语境中的语言应用能力。解读：解读： 1.阅读阅读/理解语篇的能力理解语篇的能力 2.分析句子结构的能力分析句子结构的能力 3.熟练运用语法的能力熟练运用语法的能力(2015(2015新课标全国新课标全国)阅读下面材料阅读下面材料,
3、 ,在空白处填入适当的内容在空白处填入适当的内容(1(1个单词个单词) )或括号内单词的正确或括号内单词的正确形式。形式。Yangshuo,ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI61. (arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidntcare.Afewhours62. ,IdbeenathomeinHongKong,with63. (it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.IdskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristss
4、eekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver64. arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese65. (painting).Instead,IdheadedstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,itsonlyanhoura w a y 6 6 . carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.Yangshuo67.(be)reallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers68.(conduc
5、t)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit69.(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople70._(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.感悟真题感悟真题Yangshuo,ChinaItwasraini
6、nglightlywhenI_61_(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidntcare.Afewhours_62_,IdbeenathomeinHongKong,with_63_(it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.itsarrivedbefore/earlier2015年全国课标年全国课标I卷语法填空卷语法填空谓语动词时态谓语动词时态副词或其比较级副词或其比较级代词代词Id skipped nearby Guilin,a dreamplacefor tourists s
7、eeking thelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver_64_arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese_65_(painting).Instead,IdheadedstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,itsonlyanhouraway_66_carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.that/whichpaintingsby定语从句定语从句名词的复数名词的复数介词介词Yangshuo_67_(be)real
8、lybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers_68_(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.Andthetownisfastbecoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, saysit_(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople_70_(live
9、)inShanghaiandHongKong.livingisconductedregularly谓语动词时态谓语动词时态非谓语动词非谓语动词副词副词 / 词类转换词类转换非谓语动词非谓语动词2014-20152014-2015年高考新课标全国卷语法填空考点统计表年高考新课标全国卷语法填空考点统计表考点统计考点统计 看考向看考向 观变化观变化有提示词类试题有提示词类试题无提示词类试题无提示词类试题谓谓语语动动词词非非谓谓语语动词动词词词类类转转化化比比较较等等级级冠冠词词名名词词介介词词代代词词情情态态动词动词和助和助动词动词副副词词并并列列连连词词状状语语从从句句名名词词性性从从句句定定语语
10、从从句句特特殊殊句句式式固固定定搭搭配配20152015全国全国 20142014全国全国 考查重点：考查重点：谓语动词，非谓语动词，词类转化及从句。谓语动词，非谓语动词，词类转化及从句。2 2 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 01 2 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0RobotsusedforhouseworkweretestedoutinsomefamiliesTonywasoneoftherobots1._lookedlikeatallandhandsomemanwithsmoothblackhair，2._(speak)inadeepvoice
11、.Larrywasgoingtobeawayfromhome.Also，3._(curious)drovehimtohaveatryonsuchanewthing.SohehiredarobottoaccompanyhiswifeClaire.Clairedidntliketheideaatthebeginning，butsheagreedtoitatlast.AtthefirstsightofTony,Clairefelt4._(embarrass).Gradually，Tonybegantowinthehostessstrust.HehelpedClairerealizeherdreams
12、bymakingherhomeelegant，givingheranewhaircut，changingthemakeupsheworeandgivingheradviceonher5._(person)dresses.Therefore,atthepartyallherguestswhowereinvited6._(fill)withadmirationwhentheysaw7._housewascompletelychanged.Afterthetest，thecompanywassatisfied8._Tonysreportand9._(believe)itwasasuccessbeca
13、usehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanregainher10._(confident)andfallinlovewithhim.实战体验实战体验thatspeakingcuriosityembarrassedpersonalwere filledthewithbelievedconfidenceWhat difficulty do you have in doing Grammar Blank-filling?1.所给动词的时态和语态难以抉择所给动词的时态和语态难以抉择2.谓语谓语/非谓语身份难以确认非谓语身份难以确认3.所需词的词性和词形难以判断所需词的词性和词形难以判
14、断4.判断不出从句类型判断不出从句类型5.单词拼写或短语搭配难以记牢单词拼写或短语搭配难以记牢困难清单困难清单My daughter have a good husband! he gave her a car, _(buy) her jewellery that she had dreamed about, and hired servants for her.His parents, not _ (want) him to drop out of school, _(bring) him to a new school in their city. But before they brou
15、ght him there, they _ (tell) his new teacher about him.boughtHad toldbroughtwanting重点突破重点突破 攻专题攻专题 克难关克难关如何判断谓语动词与如何判断谓语动词与非谓语动词？非谓语动词？判断谓语动词与非谓语动词方法判断谓语动词与非谓语动词方法 首先要首先要分析句子成分分析句子成分。 1.1.如果在句子中如果在句子中没有其他谓语动词没有其他谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是但需填的动词与之是并列并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就
16、要考虑是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态时态语态 ，还要考虑，还要考虑主谓一致主谓一致问题。问题。 2.2.如果句中如果句中已有谓语动词且不需要并列谓语已有谓语动词且不需要并列谓语, ,则该动词词为则该动词词为非谓语动词。（非谓语动词。（to do, doing, done )to do, doing, done )专题一有提示词类试题专题一有提示词类试题考点一考点一 动词的考查动词的考查【典例典例1 1】 A boy on a A boy on a bikebike (catch) my attention. He was riding (catch) my attention. He was r
17、iding beside the bus and waving his armsbeside the bus and waving his arms.(2014.(2014新课标全国新课标全国)（谓语动词与（谓语动词与非谓语动词）非谓语动词）【典例典例2 2】 The adobe dwellings( The adobe dwellings(土坯房土坯房) ) (build) by the (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even Pueblo Indians of the Ameri
18、can Southwest are admired by even thethe most modern of architects and engineers.most modern of architects and engineers.(2015(2015新课标全国新课标全国)caughtbuilt【典例典例3 3】 Storms swept the village on Friday, Storms swept the village on Friday, (destroy) (destroy) homes and other buildings.homes and other bui
19、ldings.【典例典例4 4】 He got up early He got up early (catch) the first bus.(catch) the first bus.【典例典例5 5】 (found) in the early 20th (found) in the early 20th century,thecentury,the school school keeps on inspiring childrenkeeps on inspiring childrens love of art.s love of art.【典例典例6 6】 When he woke up,
20、 John found himself When he woke up, John found himself (lie) in (lie) in hospital.hospital.【典例典例7 7】 Before driving into the Before driving into the city,youcity,you are required to get are required to get your car your car (wash). (wash). destroyingTo catchFoundedlyingwashed考点二考点二 词类转化词类转化【典例典例1 1
21、】 In addition to their simple In addition to their simple beauty,whatbeauty,what makes the adobe makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their dwellings admirable is their (able) to (able) to “air conditionair condition” a house without a house without usingusing (use) electric equipment (use) electr
22、ic equipment.(2015.(2015新课标全国新课标全国)【典例典例2 2】 His friend advised him to write down the useful His friend advised him to write down the useful (express) in his notebook so that he could use them when (express) in his notebook so that he could use them when necessary.necessary.【典例典例3 3】 Speaking of all
23、 the songs he has written I think Speaking of all the songs he has written I think probably this is the probably this is the (well-known) one.(well-known) one.abilityexpressionsbest-known【典例典例4 4】 As As (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exact
24、ly figured out exactly howhow thick the adobe walls needed to be to thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most daysmake the cycle work on most days.(2015.(2015新课标全国新课标全国)【典例典例5 5】 The youngster immediately fell _(silence) as tears The youngster immediately fell _(silence) as t
25、ears flew down from his big blue eyesflew down from his big blue eyes 【典例典例6 6】 Teachers must try their best to make most of their Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _(interest) in the subject.students _(interest) in the subject. naturalsilentinterested技巧技巧: 作表语（在系动词之后）、定语（修
26、饰名作表语（在系动词之后）、定语（修饰名词）或宾补（表性质状态），通常用形容词形式。词）或宾补（表性质状态），通常用形容词形式。专题二无提示词类空格专题二无提示词类空格【典例典例1 1】Besides,shopping at this time of the year was notBesides,shopping at this time of the year was not pleasant experience.pleasant experience.a【典例典例2 2】I got a place next I got a place next the window, so I had
27、 a good the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalkview of the sidewalk. .(2014(2014新课标全国新课标全国) to【典例【典例3 3】 Behind him were other people to whom he was trying to Behind him were other people to whom he was trying to talk, but after some minutes talk, but after some minutes walked away and sat
28、near walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.me, looking annoyed.he【典例典例4 4】 The information on the Internet gets around much more The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than rapidly than in the newspaper.in the newspaper.that技巧：技巧：名词前面，很可能是填限定词（冠词、形容词性名词前面，很可能是填限定词（冠词、形容
29、词性物主代词、不定代词等），物主代词、不定代词等），在在简单简单句和并列句中，若句句和并列句中，若句子缺主子缺主语语或或宾语宾语，一定是填代，一定是填代词词。主要是填冠词、介词、代词、连接词主要是填冠词、介词、代词、连接词( (含从属连词和并列含从属连词和并列连词连词) )等虚词等虚词 【典例典例6 6】There were many people waiting at the bus stop,There were many people waiting at the bus stop, some of them looked very anxious and some of them lo
30、oked very anxious and disappointeddisappointed and【典例【典例7 7】A small car is big enough for a family of three A small car is big enough for a family of three . . you need more space for baggage.you need more space for baggage.unless【典例典例】The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini The greatest
31、 magician of all time was Harry Houdini _died in 1926._died in 1926. whowho技巧：若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也技巧：若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句）。或从属连词（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句）。 无提示词无提示词有提示词有提示词语篇填空题语篇填空题考点考点冠词冠词 介词介词 代词代词 连词连词 副词副词谓语动词的时态和语态谓语动词的时态和语态
32、非谓语动词非谓语动词 词类转换词类转换形容词、副词以及其比较形容词、副词以及其比较等级等级 名词的单复数名词的单复数fillingchanging总结提升总结提升Onemanbecamethegreatestsurgeoninthecountryandthepresidentofthenationalsocietyofsurgeons.Forthisreason,acelebrationinhishonor_(hold).Buthewassad.Seeingthat,hisfriendwas_(confuse）andcameuptohim.Heaskedhim_helookedupsetaft
33、erhemadesuchagreatsuccess.Thedoctor,still_(look)upset,explainedthatitwasnotwhathereallywantedtoahieve.Whenhewasyoung,hedreamedof_(become)adancer.buthisparentswere_(strong)againstitandinsistedthathelearnmedicine.Nowhebecamethegreatestsurgeoninthecountry,whichmeanthewaschainedtoathingthathedidntevenli
34、ke.Was heldconfusedwhylookingbecomingstrongly趁热打铁趁热打铁hisfriendthoughthe_(joke).Hejustcouldntunderstandit.Thesurgeonhadgainedthebiggesthonourforasurgeon.Heshouldbehappy.hisfrienddidntunderstandhimbecausehedidnthavethesameexperience.Doyouhave_dream?Ifyoudo,tryyourbesttogoforitandnevergiveitup,oryoulle
35、ndupregrettingoneday.Oneday,youmaymakeagreat_(achieve)inthefieldyouareforcedtoworkin,butinsideyoudstillbeunhappybecause_yournotdoingwhatyoutrulylove.Was jokingaachievementof分析结构各个击破分析结构各个击破结合语境结合语境,试填空格试填空格解题思路解题思路浏览全文浏览全文,理清文脉理清文脉重读全篇重读全篇, 仔细核查仔细核查注意单词首字母大小写注意单词首字母大小写注意词性词形注意词性词形注意固定用法特定语境注意固定用法特定语
36、境注意相似易混句式注意相似易混句式阅读下面材料阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenIwasstartingmyownbusiness,Ialwaysaskedthosesuccessfulbusinessmeneitheroffline1.onlineabouttheirexperiences.ThebestadviceIevergotwassimilartothisstatement:Youare2.(respond)foryourownexperience.SoonIrealizedthatth
37、isistrueforeverythinginlife.Inmyopinion,oneofthemistakesthatwemakeas3.(human)istolookuptosomeoneasour“rolemodel”.4.theconceptof“rolemodel”isgood,whatitcanpotentiallyleadtocanbedangerous.当堂达标当堂达标orresponsiblehumansalthough Wealwaystrytoconvince5.(we)thatifwecopytheirsuccessstoriesthenwewillnaturallye
38、nd6._withthesamesuccess.Thisisnttrueatall.Itstheirexperiencethatmadethemwhattheyare.Youcantrepeatthat.OnceI7.(open)afirmtomakeelectronicdevices,andIregardedBillGatesasmyrolemodel.IhadthoughtthatyearslaterIwouldbeassuccessfulashim.Buttheresultwasjustcontrarytomy8.(expect),andIfailed.Astimewenton,Irea
39、lizedthatdifferentpersonshavedifferentstrongpoints,abilitiesandcapabilities.Sostop9._(try)tocopyothersexperiences,butbuildyourown.Enjoywhatlifethrowsatyouandmakethe10.(well)ofit.usupopenedexpectationtryingbestSelf-assessmentWhat have you learned in this class?What have you learned in this class?Do y
40、ou have any other puzzlement?Do you have any other puzzlement?Are you satisfied with your class performance?Are you satisfied with your class performance?If you score for yourself, how many points you If you score for yourself, how many points you get?get?Homework 根据本课所学内容，尝试用下面的短文，进行语法填空的根据本课所学内容，尝
41、试用下面的短文，进行语法填空的命题命题. More than 220 people were killed in the fire which destroyed More than 220 people were killed in the fire which destroyed the Capital Building on February 4the Capital Building on February 4thth,1974. The building was ,1974. The building was finished only a few moths before the
42、fire; It was Sao finished only a few moths before the fire; It was Sao PauloPaulos newest building. All the 25 floors of the office s newest building. All the 25 floors of the office building were completely destroyed. The fire also destroyed building were completely destroyed. The fire also destroy
43、ed cars which belonged to people who worked in the cars which belonged to people who worked in the building. building. OverOver 500 people were working in the building when the fire 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11broke out on the 11thth floor. No one knows h
44、ow the fire floor. No one knows how the fire started. Perhaps it was started by an electrical fire in the started. Perhaps it was started by an electrical fire in the ceiling of one of the offices. Office workers tried to put ceiling of one of the offices. Office workers tried to put out the fire, but it was impossible to control it. Soon the out the fire, but it was impossible to control it. Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above to escape.the floors above to escape.
