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1、形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语. 一、形容词和副词的概念一、形容词和副词的概念形容词作定语一般放在被修饰形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的的名词之前。名词之前。如如: anewbook,two bigtrees 等等。二、形容词和副词的用法二、形容词和副词的用法形容词放在系动词形容词放在系动词be、
2、look、get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、grow、smell等等之后。之后。如如:1.I am short. 2.She looks fine. 3.They turn green.如果如果形容词形容词修饰不定代词修饰不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing等时，等时，要放在要放在不定代词后面。不定代词后面。如如:something interesting nothing new副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副词之前词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副。如果前面是行为动词，
3、则后面用副词。词。如如:1.Sheworkshard.（修饰动词）（修饰动词）2.Iamverybusy.（修饰形容词）（修饰形容词）3.Herunstooquickly.（修饰副词）（修饰副词）4.Weplayhappily.（修饰动词）（修饰动词）通常在形容词后加通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。变成副词。slow_real_usual_careful_easy_happy_heavy_angry_slowlyusuallyeasilyheavilyreallycarefullyhappilyangrily三、形容词和副词的级三、形容词和副词的级形容词和副词有三个等级：形容词和副词有三个等级
4、：原级、比较级、最高级原级、比较级、最高级1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。原级：即形容词和副词的原形。small,good,pretty,big,manyhard,happily,slowly,quickly程度副词程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容词等修饰形容词和副词的原级。和副词的原级。如：如：verytall、toohot、socoldquiteinterestingrunquicklyTomisastallasMike.1.as+形容词原形形容词原形+asThereareasmanystudentsinourschoolasyours.Tomisthreetimesa
5、soldasMike.2. so2. so和和suchsuchA)sothat与与suchthat的区的区别。so+形容形容词/副副词+thatso+形容形容词+a（n）+单数数nc+thatsomany/few+ncmuch/little(少的少的)+nusuch+a(n)+形容形容词+单数可数名数可数名词+thatsuch+形容形容词+不可数名不可数名词+thatsuch+形容形容词+复数名复数名词+that注意：注意：但当但当little表示表示“小小”时用用such。如：如：Thesearesuchlittleboysthattheycantdressthemselves.下列下列so
6、的用法是的用法是错误的：的：soadifficultproblem,sodifficultproblems,sohotweather。3.betoomuch+n.bemuchtoo+adj.betoomuchforsb.对太太过分了分了4.cantbetoo+adj.=cantbe+adj.+enough“无无论都不都不为过”Youcanneverbecarefulenough.=Youcanneverbetoocareful.你越小心越好。你越小心越好。young-yonger-yongest old older -oldest tall-taller -tallest small-smal
7、ler -smallestearly-earlier-earliest thirsty-thirstier-thirstiest1.一般情况下加一般情况下加-er 或或est:2.以字母以字母e结尾的形容词，加结尾的形容词，加-r或或- st4.以以“辅音字母辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词，先改结尾的双音节词，先改“y”为为“i”，再加，再加-er或或-est.bigbigger -biggest fatfatter-fattest形容词副词比较级最高级规则形容词副词比较级最高级规则nice nicer-nicest safe safer -safest3.重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写
8、辅音字母，再重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母，再加加-er或或-est.四四.5.双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的特殊情况：和最高级的特殊情况：1）、一般是在原级前加）、一般是在原级前加more构成比较级，在原构成比较级，在原级前加级前加most构成最高级。构成最高级。beautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautifulinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingdangerousmoredangerousmostdangerous2）、某些单音节形容词，加）、某些单音节形容词
9、，加more,most构成比较级和最高级。构成比较级和最高级。gladmoregladmostgladpleasedmorepleasedmostpleasedtiredmoretiredmosttiredoften-moreoften-mostoftenoldest eldestolder elderoldfarleastlesslittlemostmoremany/muchworstworsebad/illbestbettergood/well最高级比较级原级fartherfurtherfarthestfurthest两好、两好、两坏、两坏、两多、两多、一少、一少、一老一老、一、一远远.R
10、eadandcompare:younglongfullshortsmalloldfineeasyhungryearlyheavybigredyoungeryoungestlongerlongestfullerfullestshortershortestsmallersmallestolderoldest finerfinesteasiereasiesthungrierhungriestearlierearliestheavierheaviestbiggerbiggestredderreddesthealthymanyfamousillexcitingcarefullywethotlittlef
11、ewhealthierhealthiestmoremostmorefamousmostfamousworseworstmoreexcitingmostexcitingmorecarefullymostcarefullywetterwettesthotterhottestlessleastfewerfewest6.比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。表示表示“较较”或或“更更一些一些”。标志词：标志词：than(比）比） Imgoingtoworkmuchharderthanbefore.比较级前面可以用比较级前面可以用even(更加更加)，much(得得多多)，far(
12、得多得多)，alittle(一点一点)，abit(一点一点)，alot(大量大量)，still(还，还要还，还要)等词语表等词语表示不定程度或数量。示不定程度或数量。eg: I am even less lucky. She is far better than me at writing. Thispenismuchbetterthanthatone.TomisalittleshorterthanhisfriendJim.二）二）.比较级的主要句型有：比较级的主要句型有：比较级比较级+thaneg.MaryismuchyoungerthanSue.疑问句疑问句+动词动词+比较级比较级,Aor
13、B?eg.Whodrawsbetter,TomorJim?Whichdoyoulikebetter,mathsorEnglish?(4)the+比较级比较级ofthetwo两者之两者之中较中较Eg:Jimisthetallerofthetwins.(5)the+比较级比较级,the+比较级比较级,表示越表示越越越eg.Hesays,“thebusier,thebetter.”(3)比较级比较级+and+比较级，表示越来越比较级，表示越来越Theweathergetswarmerandwarmer.Marygetsmoreandmorebeautiful.6）.表示倍数的比较级用法：表示倍数的比
14、较级用法： .A+be+倍数倍数+times+the+抽象抽象n.+of+B.如：如：Thenewbuildingisthreetimestheheightoftheoldone. 这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的新楼是旧楼的四倍高四倍高).A+be+倍数倍数+times+as+原级原级+as+B. 如：如：AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍亚洲比欧洲大三倍) .A+be+序数词序数词+比较级比较级+than+B.如：如：Ourschoolistwicebiggerthany
15、ours. 8）比）比较级thananyothern.（单）（适用于范（适用于范围一致一致时）(all)othern.（复）（复）anyn.(单)（适用于范（适用于范围不一致不一致时）Heistallerthananyotherstudentallotherstudentsinhisclass.anystudentinmyclass.9）morethan结构颠倒词序译作结构颠倒词序译作“与其说是与其说是，不如说是，不如说是”。Thatlittlegirlismoretiredthanhungry.那个小姑娘是累了而不是饿了。那个小姑娘是累了而不是饿了。Sheismoreamotherthana
16、wife她是贤妻，更是良母。她是贤妻，更是良母。nomorethan和和一一样不不如如单音音节使使用比用比较级形式形式notmorethan不比不比更更nolessthan=asmuchas“多达多达”nofewerthan=asmanyasHeisnoricherthanI.他和我一样穷。他和我一样穷。Heisnolessdeterminedthanyou.他的决心不亚他的决心不亚于你。于你。(nolessdeterminedthan等于等于“其决心不亚于你其决心不亚于你”，言其大，言其大)Heisnotlessdeterminedthanyou.他的决心不比他的决心不比你小。你小。(not
17、lessdeterminedthan等于等于“其决心不小于其决心不小于”，无言其大或小的含义无言其大或小的含义)no more than= only “只不过只不过”，言其，言其少少Ihavenomorethanfiveyuaninmypocket.我口袋里的钱只不过我口袋里的钱只不过5元。元。not more than=at most “不多于”，“至少”，指事实。I have not more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的钱不多于5元。 五五.最高级最高级:形容词的最高级要加定冠词形容词的最高级要加定冠词the,副词最高级可省略副词最高级可省略the
18、,主要句型有主要句型有:the+最高级最高级+ofineg.Jimworkshardestofusall.Mymotheristhebusiestinmyfamily.疑问词+ 动词+ 最高级Whichlikebest,A,BorC?eg.Whichisthebest,A,BorC?(3)the+最高级最高级=比较级比较级thantheother名词复数名词复数比较级比较级thananyother名词单数名词单数eg.Tomisthetallestofall.Tomistallerthantheotherstudents.Tomistallerthananyotherstudent.(4)on
19、eofthe+最高级最高级+名词复数名词复数最最之一之一eg. Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers .(5)the+序数词序数词+最高级最高级表示表示第第最最eg. Changjiang is the first longest river in China . Huanghe is the second longest river in China . (6)某人的某人的+最高级最高级（包括形容词性物主代词（包括形容词性物主代词)表达表达“某人的最某人的最”最高级前省略定冠词最高级前省略定冠词theeg . Linda is my sisters be
20、st friend. My best friend is May. 六六.使用比较级和最高级的几个注意点使用比较级和最高级的几个注意点1.比较应在同类事物中进行比较应在同类事物中进行.eg.Maryshairislongerthanyou.Maryshairislongerthanyours.2.最高级后的介词最高级后的介词in与与of.a.in表示表示“在在内内(指某范围内指某范围内)”可以跟表示单位可以跟表示单位,组组织织,时间等单数名词时间等单数名词.b.of表示属性表示属性(指在同类的人指在同类的人,物中物中)后可接后可接the+基数词基数词/the+基数词基数词+名词复数名词复数/a
21、ll+the+复数名词复数名词/all3.形容词的最高级前用形容词的最高级前用the,副词的最高级前可以不用副词的最高级前可以不用theDosomeexercises同义句转换同义句转换1.Heisthetalleststudentinhisclass.Heis_studentinhisclass.Heis_studentsinhisclass.tallerthananyothertallerthantheother2.Peterdrawswell,Lileidrawsbetter.Lileidraws_ofthetwo.3.Thetractorgoesfasterthanthebike.Th
22、ebikegoes_thanthetractor.4.Hiscakesdearerthanthetwinscakes.Hiscakeis_ofthethree.thebettermoreslowlythedearest1.WhichdoesJimmylike,ChineseorArt?2.A.wellB.bestC.betterD.much3.2.TheChangjiangRiverisoneofintheworld.A.thelongestriverB.longestriversC.thelongestriversD.longerrivers3.ofthetwowomenisMrsBrown
23、.A.ThebeautifulB.ThemorebeautifulC.MorebeautifulD.Themostbeautiful4.Mymooncakeisnicerhis.A.likeB.withC.forD.thanCCBD5.Youarefatterthan.A.heB.hisC.hesD.heistall6.Hejumpsofthethree.A.farB.furtherC.farthestD.furthest7.Myhairislongerthan.A.mysisterB.KateC.mybrothersD.Lucys8. Therearepaperhere.Pleasebrin
24、gsome.A.littleB.lessC.fewerD.alittleACCA9.Thepenisthanthatone.A.morecheapB.cheapC.muchcheaperD.quitecheaper10.TomspeaksChinesebetterthanJimmy.A.moreB.veryC.alotofD.much11.TherearegirlsinClassTwothaninClassFour.A.moreB.nicestC.mostD.best12.Itstooforyoutodothat.A.easyB.moredangerousC.harderD.theeasies
25、tCDAA13.Whohasapplesnow,Jim,LilyorLucy?A.muchB.biggestC.betterD.themost14.Youhavemorerulersthanme.Butarenicerthan.A.mine,yoursB.mine,yourC.my,yoursD.my,your15.LucyisthanMeimei,butMeimeiis_thanLucy.A.tall,strongerB.taller,strongestC.tallest,strongD.taller,stronger16.Motherisinmyfamily.A.busyB.busierC
26、.thebusiestD.morebusyADCD17.ThereareintheparkonSunday.A.morechildrenB.alotofpeopleC.muchmenandwomenD.manypeoples18.Thedumplingsarethanthenoodles,Ithink.A.morenicerB.muchdeliciousC.veryniceD.muchmoredelicious19.Sheisthanmeatdrawings.A.betterB.bestC.goodD.harder20.-Thisbluesweateristoobigforme.-Willyo
27、upleaseshowmeaone?A.smallB.smallerC.thesmallestD.smallestBDAB改错改错1.Lesson9ismoreeasierthanLesson10.2.Mymotherisyoungerthanyour.3.Heisoneoftallestboysinhisclass.4.4.Theboydoesntdrawmuchwell.yoursthetallestvery5.Bettyistheyoungestonthethreegirls.6.Maryrunsfasterthananyothergirlsinhisclass.7.Thereisfew
28、erbreadinthefridge.8.Motheristhebusiestofmyfamily.9.Jimisshorterofthetwoboys.10.Youcanjumpveryhigheronthemoonthanontheearth.of girllessintheshortermuch1.Thenewbuildingishigherthantheoldone.Thoseapplesarebiggerthantheseones.2.Hisshirtismoreexpensivethanmine.如果主语是物主代词如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词
29、。用名词性物主代词。比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，特别注意在特别注意在than或或as之后不要漏掉可能出现之后不要漏掉可能出现的替代词的替代词that，those,one,ones.3.Thecityisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld.oneof+the+最高级最高级+复数名词复数名词 Which/Who+比较级，比较级，AorB?Which/Who+最高级，最高级，A，BorC?4.Whoisolder,JimorTom?Who
30、isthetallest,Jim,MikeorTom Whichlanguageis_,English,FrenchorChinese?A.difficultB.moredifficultC.themostdifficultC5.Maryisthetallestofallthesistersinthefamily.在使用形容词最高级时，一定要把自己包括在使用形容词最高级时，一定要把自己包括在比较的范围内。在比较的范围内。6.ThisisthethirdlargestcityinChina.当表示当表示“第二，第三第二，第三”等意思时，经常在最高等意思时，经常在最高级的前面加级的前面加secon
31、d,third,等词。等词。7.Itsourlargestmachineinourfactory.当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加定冠词定冠词the.相关词语辨析相关词语辨析1.very 和和much A）very修饰形容词、副词的原级；修饰形容词、副词的原级；much修修饰比较级；修饰动词用饰比较级；修饰动词用much或或verymuch,eg.IverylikeEnglish.(),因改为：因改为：IlikeEnglishverymuch.B)表示状态的过去分词前用表示状态的过去分词前用very。averyfrightenedboy,averytir
32、edchild.一般的情况下，以一般的情况下，以-ed结尾的分词多用结尾的分词多用much、verymuch/greatly等修饰。等修饰。如：如：Weweregreatly/muchshockedbythenewsaboutTom.C)已转化为形容词的现在分词前用已转化为形容词的现在分词前用very。如：如：veryinteresting/worrying/excitingD）too前用前用much/far,不用不用very。Youaremuch/far/alottoonice.另外，在另外，在toomany/much,toofew/little前用前用far。Wevegotfartooma
33、nyeggsandfartoofeweggcups.E)还有修饰词既不用还有修饰词既不用very,也不用也不用much.eg.bewellworthdoing,bewellabovethetree1、-MrZhou,ofallthestudentsinourgroup,wholives_?-IthinkLiLeidoes.A.fatB.fatherC.farthestD.farest2、TheChangjiangRiveris_thananyotherriverinChina.A.shorterB.longerC.shortestD.longest3、Bobneverdoeshishomewo
34、rk_Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyasD.ascarefulasCBB4、_ she is, _ she feels. A. The more busy, the more happy B. The busy, the happy C. Busier, happier D.The busier, the happier5、The weather is getting _.(越来越糟糕)D Dworst and worst 1.Whichdoyoulike_(well),applesororang
35、es?2.Whois_(old),JimorTom?3.Jackisrunning_and_(fast).4.Ourcountryisbecoming_and_(beautiful).5.Heis_(tall)ofthethetwoboys. betterolderfasterfastermoremorebeatifulthetaller4.Find out the mistakes in the sentences below.1.Allofusfelthappilyatherbirthdayparty.2.IammoreolderthanHarry.3.Hercoatisnewerthan
36、you.4.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthaninXiamen.5.Sueisoneofthetallgirlsinherclass.happymuchyours.thattallest 四. 单项选择。1. Lucy is very short, but she is _ than her sister. A. shorter B. longer C. taller D. older 2. Frank is _ friendly than his brother. A. a little more B. a few more C. much D. a little
37、 3. Sam is _ at Chinese than Jim. A. good B. well C. better D. gooder 4. This one is too large. Can you show me a _one? A. larger B. large C. small D. smaller 5. Do you think March is _ than January? Yes, its _ warmer. A.better, a little B. well, much B.C. worse, very D. nicer, quite 6. Im _ quieter
38、 than Susan. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 7. The watch is not _ beautiful as that one. A. very B. too C. so D. more 8. His French isnt so good as _. A: he B: him C:his D: hers 9. Its much better than _ classes. A. have B. has C. to have D. having 10. Her bag is newer than _. A. mine B. my C
39、. me D. I11. The _, the better. A. much B. many C. more D. most 12. Do you know who is _ of the twins? A. shorter B. heavier C. the older D. the funny13. The weather in North China is colder than _ in South China. A. B. this C. the one D. that 13. Which one is _, this one or that one? A. good B. bad C. bestD. worse14. He is _ than me. A. older B. elder C. young D. more younger15. I think your room is _ bigger. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots of D. more
