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1、20112011年中考试题对复习阶年中考试题对复习阶段的教学的启示段的教学的启示西安爱知中学西安爱知中学 杨晓延杨晓延 英语学习和其他学科一样，需要日积月累。不英语学习和其他学科一样，需要日积月累。不可能通过短期训练就达到我们所期望的理想效果。可能通过短期训练就达到我们所期望的理想效果。但是，在最后的冲刺阶段，科学、合理的复习方法但是，在最后的冲刺阶段，科学、合理的复习方法会使学生对所学知识有一个系统的复习总结，从而会使学生对所学知识有一个系统的复习总结，从而在考试中能够发挥到最好，取得好成绩。在考试中能够发挥到最好，取得好成绩。 如何有条不紊地进行备考总复习，让学生在如何有条不紊地进行备考总
2、复习，让学生在中考中获得满意的分数是一个很重要的工作。要在中考中获得满意的分数是一个很重要的工作。要在较短的时间内，帮学生补上平时学习中的漏洞，让较短的时间内，帮学生补上平时学习中的漏洞，让学生学精、练透、用活，任务是很艰巨的。但是，学生学精、练透、用活，任务是很艰巨的。但是，考前正确的、科学的复习方法，对学生中考成绩的考前正确的、科学的复习方法，对学生中考成绩的提高起到会很关键作用提高起到会很关键作用。两个研究两个研究 一、对课标和教材做深入研究。一、对课标和教材做深入研究。二、研究中考说明和近三年的中考试题。二、研究中考说明和近三年的中考试题。 帮助学生构建知识框架，化零为整。了解学过了哪
3、些知识，它们之间有什么联系；哪些是必须掌握的，属于中考必考范围；哪些知识属于拓展、了解部分，不会作为考点。这样也会使我们把握好教学的深度和广度，有目的，有针对性地复习，避免无休止扩展，进入误区，绕弯路。一、对课标和教材做深入研究。一、对课标和教材做深入研究。 中考说明和中考题是中考的指挥棒。他们会清楚细致地告诉我们考试的主导思想、考察方向、内容、范围、深度、题型、命题老师的意图及命题难易程度。二、研究中考说明和近三年的中考试题。二、研究中考说明和近三年的中考试题。 知识的归纳总结知识的归纳总结 一、课本知识的归纳总结。一、课本知识的归纳总结。 紧扣课本，吃透教材，抓住要点，不断反复。每天坚持按
4、计划复习课本知识，每天熟记 一定量的单词、重点词组、句型、语法等要点，对于固定词组和习惯用语要背诵，并能够默写。对于每单元的重点词、词组进行归纳总结，并配练习进行巩固。 Unit 91. be used for = be used to do used to do be used to + n./ doing be used as2. enough +n. interesting enough3. in the end at the end of by the end of 4. by mistake 5. by accident 6. according to 7. the number o
5、f a number of 8. in this way9. taste good10. notice sb. do/doing sth.12. fall into13. divideinto14. leaf-leaves,15. salt-saltycloudcloudy, hairhairy, sunsunny, windwindy, rain rainy, snow snowy, sleepsleepy16. wood-wooden17. a nearby school, near the schooltaketo，take care of， take after , take away
6、， take part in，take place，take off, take a walk, take an exam, take it easy, take with, take turns1.Hurry up, Mike. You must get to the airport an hour before the plane _.2. Its very hot here. Why not _ your coat?3.The boy _ his father. They both have red hair.4.The evening party will _ on New Years
7、 Eve.选词填空选词填空look at, look after, look up, look like, look for, look around, look out of, look out1. Would you please _my baby brother while Im cooking?2. Mrs. Green is _ her purse, but she cant find it anywhere.3. When you dont know a word, you can _ in the dictionary. 4. The girl was nervous becau
8、se everyone was _ her. get up, look up, pick up, make up, give up, turn up, set up, put up, eat up, stay up1. I can hardly hear what it is saying on TV. Would you please _？ 2. Smoking is bad for your health. Youd better _.3. Dont _ too late, or youll be tired during daytime.4. I was so tired this mo
9、rning that I couldnt _ early as usual.二、有针对性地开展语法专项复习二、有针对性地开展语法专项复习 与训练。与训练。 名词的单复数、代词（包括人称代词、物主代词、不定代词反身代词和疑问代词等）、连词、介词、冠词、形容词、副词以及他们的比较级、最高级、动词的时态、语态、情态动词、动词词组、非谓语动词、宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句、主从句时态关系、主谓一致等等都是中考语法试题的重点考察项目，也是常考的考点和命题的热点。语法复习的具体方法：1.归类复习。2.印发专项习题，做到讲练相结合。 3.把各个单元的重点词语融入语法练习中进行反复综合训练。 归类复习：归类复
10、习： 六个基本时态、名词、代词、形容词和副词、冠词、介词、动词词组、被动语态、宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句。三、按话题归类，进行情景交际与三、按话题归类，进行情景交际与 应用复习。应用复习。题型复习题型复习 在总结归纳的同时，我们还穿插有题型复习。就是将课本知识、语法、词汇与中考题型相结合，进行综合复习。一、听力部分。一、听力部分。 在最后复习阶段，坚持每天听，每天利用至少半个小时的时间，大声朗读和背诵所学过的课文、对话，通过朗读和背诵熟悉所学过的各种交际用语和功能用语，让学生把这些交际用语的表达式烂记于心，这样，答题的时候就有语感，准确率就会高得多。二、语言知识。二、语言知识。 属于考查各项
11、基础知识的传统题型，此题内容涉及语法、词汇、惯用法、句型、口语功能等方面，考察学生语法基础知识的运用能力。此题灵活，覆盖面广，而且单纯的“语法题”已经很少，“语境+语法题”越来越多，主要考核语言在语境中的运用，答题时如果忽视语境，就很容易答错，这就要求学生能对句子进行正确分析，对基础语法进行灵活运用。语言知识语言知识 20092009年中考题年中考题 20102010年中考年中考题题 20112011年中考年中考题题2121冠词冠词物主代词物主代词不定代词不定代词somethingsomething2222名词词义辨析名词词义辨析动词词组辨析（动词词组辨析（up)up)现在完成时现在完成时23
12、23宾语从句宾语从句形容词、副词词义，词形容词、副词词义，词性辨析性辨析名词辨析名词辨析2424副词词义辨析副词词义辨析宾语从句宾语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句2525there be,there be,时态时态非谓语动词和介词非谓语动词和介词被动语态被动语态2626现在完成时现在完成时情态动词情态动词形容词辨析形容词辨析2727动词词组辨析动词词组辨析looklook连词连词副词辨析副词辨析2828定语从句定语从句动词辨析动词辨析动词辨析动词辨析2929形容词的比较等级形容词的比较等级比较级比较级连词（宾语从句）连词（宾语从句）3030状语从句之时态一致状语从句之时态一致现在完成时现在完成时
13、动词词组辨析动词词组辨析把各个单元的重点词语融入语法练把各个单元的重点词语融入语法练习中进行反复综合训练。习中进行反复综合训练。 1. Wheres Tom? His mother him now. A. is looking for B. will look for C. has looked for D. Looks for2. Soft drinks_ to children for free in some restaurants on Childrens Day every year. A. offer B. have offered C. are offered D. will b
14、e offered3. I my homework, I guess I cant join you. A. dont finish B. didnt finish C. havent finished D. wont finish三、完形填空三、完形填空1、重首句、重首句。 2、重语境、重语境。 3、重实词、重实词。 4、重快速领悟文章主旨的能力、重快速领悟文章主旨的能力。5、重对文章的整体把握能力、重对文章的整体把握能力。 6、重考查排除干扰、完形词义的能力、重考查排除干扰、完形词义的能力。 In a small town in France, there was a farmer who
15、 lived alone. Every day he 31 a pound of butter to his neighbour, who was a baker, One day the baker decided to 32 the butter to see if he was getting a pound. After he weighed it, he found that he wasnt. The baker then took 33 farmer to the judge (法官).The judge asked the farmer if he had any way to
16、 weigh the butler. The farmer replied. I am so 34 that I do not have enough money to buy anything to weigh it, 35 I do have a kind of scale(天平). The judge asked, Then how do you weigh the buttery The farmer replied, Before the baker started buying butler from 36 , I had bought bread from him. So now
17、 every time when I bring home the bread from the baker, I put it On the scale and give him the butter of the same weight,We 37 what we give to Others in life. Whenever you take action, ask yourself this 38 , Am I honest?Honesty or dishonesty can become a 39 . Some dishonest people can lie(说谎) withou
18、t a red face. Others lie so much that they do not even 40 what the truth is any more. But who is it bad for? As a matter of fact, those who lie will hurt themselves by their own dishonest behaviour.31. A. gave B. fed C. threw D. sold 32. A. weigh B. watch C. cut D. use 33. A. / B. a C. an D. the 34.
19、 A. rich B. poor C. honest D. quiet 35. A. and B. so C. but D. or 36. A. I B. my C. me D. mine 37. A. get back B. look back C. give back D. turn back 38. A. answer B. question C. help D. idea 39. A. difference B. habit C. mistake D. difficulty 40. A. Study B. mean C. imagine D. know 2011年陕西省中考题年陕西省中
20、考题31. A. gave B. fed C. threw D. sold 32. A. weigh B. watch C. cut D. use 33. A. / B. a C. an D. the 34. A. rich B. poor C. honest D. quiet 35. A. and B. so C. but D. or 36. A. I B. my C. me D. mine 37. A. get back B. look back C. give back D. turn back 38. A. answer B. question C. help D. idea 39.
21、A. difference B. habit C. mistake D. difficulty 40. A. Study B. mean C. imagine D. know In a small town in France, there was a farmer who lived alone. Every day he 31 a pound of butter to his neighbour, who was a baker, One day the baker decided to 32 the butter to see if he was getting a pound. Aft
22、er he weighed it, he found that he wasnt. The baker then took 33 farmer to the judge (法官).The judge asked the farmer if he had any way to weigh the butler. The farmer replied. I am so 34 that I do not have enough money to buy anything to weigh it, 35 I do have a kind of scale(天平). The judge asked, T
23、hen how do you weigh the buttery The farmer replied, Before the baker started buying butler from 36 , I had bought bread from him. So now every time when I bring home the bread from the baker, I put it On the scale and give him the butter of the same weight,We 37 what we give to Others in life. When
24、ever you take action, ask yourself this 38 , Am I honest?Honesty or dishonesty can become a 39 . Some dishonest people can lie(说谎) without a red face. Others lie so much that they do not even 40 what the truth is any more. But who is it bad for? As a matter of fact, those who lie will hurt themselve
25、s by their own dishonest behaviour.我们的题Last year, I learned from a newspaper that some sick kids needed help. I phoned the newspaper and I was asked to 31 a little girl named Lisa, who had mental(精神的） illness. A short time later, I went for a 32 to Lisa. After having been at the mental hospital for
26、years, she had recently been allowed to be at home. In the beginning, I did most of the 33 . Lisa, however, was too quiet and introverted (内向的), shyly sitting in the corner of the sofa and listening. She was careful not to allow our eyes to 34 . Over time, Lisa felt more comfortable little by little
27、 while I was 35 . Our weekly get-togethers usually 36 sharing a cup of hot coffee, window shopping or taking slow walks in the country. Lisa 37 discussed how she felt about our friendship, even after we completed our first year together. However, she knew she could always 38 me. Then one day I got a
28、 call from our volunteer group. “Mary, would you and Lisa like to be interviewed on a local TV news show?” Excited, I answered, “Wow! Let me discuss it with Lisa.” I didnt think Lisa would be 39 going on “live” television. But to my surprise, Lisa wanted to be interviewed, too. At the interview, she
29、 said, “ 40 I can help other people understand how important our get-together is, and how it has helped me, maybe theyll volunteer, too. Mary, wouldnt that be great?” With tears running down, we smiled at one another.31. A. help B. take C. teach D. tell 32. A. swim B. visit C. trip D. way 33. A. cle
30、aning B. listening C. talking D. interviewing34. A. teach B. open C. fix D. meet 35. A. with her B. with she C. with the doctors D. with them 36. A. needed B. went C. had D. enjoyed 37. A. ever B. never C. once D. just 38. A. agree with B. think about C. care fo D. depend on 39. A. nervous B. comfor
31、table C. safe D. sorry 40. A. If B. Though C. Because D. After 31. A. help B. take C. teach D. tell 32. A. swim B. visit C. trip D. way 33. A. cleaning B. listening C. talking D. interviewing34. A. teach B. open C. fix D. meet 35. A. with her B. with she C. with the doctors D. with them 36. A. neede
32、d B. went C. had D. enjoyed 37. A. ever B. never C. once D. just 38. A. agree with B. think about C. care fo D. depend on 39. A. nervous B. comfortable C. safe D. sorry 40. A. If B. Though C. Because D. After 四、阅读训练四、阅读训练 阅读理解部分应通过文章的字里行间，挖掘作者的写作意图和真实思路，领会文章的弦外之音、话外之意。要求能对文章中提到的表层信息点进行整合和推理。有些选项确实是文
33、章中提到的事实，但不一定是问题的答案，因此还要仔细读题。 在阅读训练时要注意以下几个方面： 1.要有阅读积累，每天阅读2 到3个小短文。 2.阅读的范围要广泛。 3.阅读要提速，要有时间限制（每篇四到五分钟）。4.重视整体理解能力。遇生词不要查字典，通过上下文来理解。5.答题时要抓住关键词语。 阅读方法：1. 通读全文领会大意，弄清整篇短文意思。2. 阅读所设题目。3. 精读全文选答案。 4. 重读全文，检验答案。 在进行阅读训练时，进行阅读技巧训练也是很有必要的。 主旨大意题、作者意图推测题、推理判断题、归纳总结题、解读句意、词意题等题型增加了 20112011年中考阅读年中考阅读归纳总结归
34、纳总结: 44. According to the passage, scientists have found good ways to deal with water problems.主旨大意主旨大意: 52. What can we learn from the passage? 55. This passage is mainly about_.推理判断推理判断: 51. The chess players may like rock climbing because _解读词意解读词意: 54. The underlined word “issued” here probably
35、means “_” 单词量的掌握程度在很大程度上决定单词量的掌握程度在很大程度上决定了最终的得分情况。所以，词汇量的积累了最终的得分情况。所以，词汇量的积累一定要提上日程。所谓冰冻三尺非一日之一定要提上日程。所谓冰冻三尺非一日之寒，没有长时间的量的积累，就不要奢望寒，没有长时间的量的积累，就不要奢望一觉醒来后能实现质的飞跃。一觉醒来后能实现质的飞跃。 五、完成句子五、完成句子 它要求考生有较精确的语言素养，考它要求考生有较精确的语言素养，考查考生对词义的理解、词汇的拼写、词性查考生对词义的理解、词汇的拼写、词性的选择和运用，以及固定搭配、句子的类的选择和运用，以及固定搭配、句子的类型结构、句子
36、的时态等方面的能力。这个型结构、句子的时态等方面的能力。这个题题在一定程度上提高了对学生的综合语言在一定程度上提高了对学生的综合语言运用能力的考查力度。运用能力的考查力度。完成句子：根据所给中文完成下列各句：完成句子：根据所给中文完成下列各句：56.56.他性格外向，喜欢交朋友。他性格外向，喜欢交朋友。 He is out going and likes _.He is out going and likes _.KeysKeys：to make /making friendsto make /making friends . .57.57.每天放学后，我们可以散散步来放松自己。每天放学后，我
37、们可以散散步来放松自己。 We can _ to relax ourselves after We can _ to relax ourselves after school.school.Keys: go (out) for a walk /walks Keys: go (out) for a walk /walks have/take a walk / walks have/take a walk / walks58.日本大地震后，世界各地的人们给予了很日本大地震后，世界各地的人们给予了很大帮助。大帮助。 When the big earthquake hit Japan , people
38、 _ helped a lot.Keys: (from) all over (around/throughout /across) the world from different parts of the world 59.59.在去电影院的路上，他听到了这个消息。在去电影院的路上，他听到了这个消息。 He heard the news_ to the He heard the news_ to the cinema.cinema.Keys: on his/ the way Keys: on his/ the way 60.60.由于世园会的举办，西安今年会迎来更多的由于世园会的举办，西安今
39、年会迎来更多的 游客。游客。 Because of the Because of the “ExpoExpo”, more _ , more _ will will come to come to XiXianan this year. this year.Keys: visitors / touristsKeys: visitors / tourists答题时要注意：答题时要注意：1. 1. 通读全句，联系上下文，确定所需词语。通读全句，联系上下文，确定所需词语。2. 2. 要掌握初中英语教材要掌握初中英语教材1-31-3册册“四会四会”的单的单词拼写。词拼写。我们的做法是：我们的做法是：
40、1.总结出每单元的重点词汇、句型，在课堂上让学生练习并熟记其用法。2.把这些重点词汇结合语法编成完成句子的练习进行反复不断地训练。我们每单元都这样做，效果很好，既复习了重点词汇，还巩固了语法知识。完成句子完成句子1. 这些材料是用来做口香糖的。 The material is used for making gum. 2. 他年轻时常常去世界各地旅行。 He used to travel around the world when be was young. 3. 我爷爷习惯于住在乡村。 My grandfather is used to living in the countryside.
41、4. 铁锤是用来钉钉子的。 A hammer is used to drive in nails.5. 这块木板被用作凳子。 The piece of wood is used as a bench. 6. 对不起，我昨天错拿了你的钢笔。 Sorry, I took your pen by mistake yesterday. 六、短文填空六、短文填空 该题型是一种综合性比较强的题型，主要考核学生对篇章的整体理解和词或词组在句子中的运用能力，在理解文章的基础上正确运用。学生必须在读懂文章，把握故事脉络的基础上用所给词的适当形式来填空。 短文填空短文填空 old , shoe ,stand ,f
42、oot, pick, small ,feel, clear, need ,use训练方法：1.通读文章，猜测文章大意。通读文章，猜测文章大意。2.再读，选词，填词。再读，选词，填词。3.再读，检查。主要检查逻辑是否通，词形再读，检查。主要检查逻辑是否通，词形变化是否正确。变化是否正确。我们的做法：我们的做法：1.1.每周进行每周进行4-54-5篇的训练。篇的训练。2.2.选择近几年的中考完形试题进行改编。选择近几年的中考完形试题进行改编。3.3.用所给词的正确形式完成句子。用所给词的正确形式完成句子。4.4.复述文章大意，把握文章脉络与大意，培复述文章大意，把握文章脉络与大意，培养思维能力。养
43、思维能力。jump, dangerous, join, far, happy, sun, agree, die, activity, take Three small fish lived in the sea. When they were very young, their parents 1 . They had to look after each other day after day. Finally, they grew up and dared to swim deeper and 2 . One morning. the three fish were 3 to a shal
44、low (浅) water by a big wave (浪). A small boat was taken there. too. It was hard for the fish to go back to the sea because the boat was fight in front of them. The largest fish realized that they were 4 and said they had to find a way to leave there as fast as possible. The second largest fish 5 wit
45、h his elder brother, but the youngest one did not. He said that there was much time for their 6 , so he would not worry at all and still swam around 7 . At last, the largest fish returned to the sea by 8 over the lowest part of the boat. The second largest fish also succeeded in 9 his eider brother
46、in the other side of water. But the youngest one didnt follow them and still swam joyfully. Two hours later, when the 10 rose up, the water in the small shallow corner dried up. The fish who did not try to return to the sea died of lack(缺乏)of water. wood, include, sleep, salt, leave, 1. In the north
47、west of China there are many salty lakes， from which we can get salt.2. This is a wooden desk. Its made of wood.3. Its autumn. Many leaves begin to fall.4. The singer sang many songs, including some of my favorite. 5. I did my homework till 12 oclock last night, so I feel very sleepy now.选词填空选词填空七、任
48、务型阅读七、任务型阅读 目的是考查学生通过阅读获取信息并进行信息整合与转换的能力。有时候可以直接从文章中得出答案，有时候需要对文章彻底理解并从新整合才能得出答案，对学生的概括能力要求较高。 73. In India, the film stars are sometimes _ popular than music director. 考查对more than 和less than 的理解与转换能力。原文：原文：Music directors are sometimes Music directors are sometimes more popular than the film stars
49、.more popular than the film stars.74. Every complete Bollywood movie has a few _in them. (songs and dances ) 考查学生对 “No.without” 双重否定句的理解以及与肯定句的转换。原文：原文： No No BollyBolly movie is thought movie is thought complete without a few songs and complete without a few songs and dances.dances.75. The Oscars i
50、n India are as _ (exciting ) as those in American though they are different. 学生需要对最后一段话进行理解并整合才能得出答案，对学生的概括能力要求较高。原文：原文： The Oscars are a very exciting The Oscars are a very exciting time of the year for actors and time of the year for actors and actresses in American. actresses in American. Bollywo
51、odBollywood has has its own form of the Oscars, and they its own form of the Oscars, and they are also very exciting.are also very exciting.同义句转换1. The English book is Jims. The English book _. 2. No matter what you do, dont miss the exhibition. _ you do, dont miss the exhibition.3. It took the boy
52、thirty minutes to make the bed. The boy _ thirty minutes _ the bed.4. She left her parents two years ago. She _ from her parents for two years.belongs to JimWhateverhas been awayspentmaking八、完成对话八、完成对话 补全对话考查学生交际应用英语的能力。平时练习中要注意以下几点：平时练习中要注意以下几点： 1 1.答题时，语言要简洁、得体，表达要地道。2.应将一些常见情景下经常运用的句型、词组背熟，比如，问路、看病、邀请等常规用语。3.语言实践与思维训练相结合。九、写作训练、写作训练1. 仔细审题、分清题型。2. 语言地道，符合英语语言习惯。3. 注意文章的条理性，有主题句或中心句，有结尾句。 4. 仔细检查，注意时态、语态、人称是否上下文一致；是否有单词拼写错误，是否有单复数的错误；字数是否达到要求。 教为主导，学为主体，练为主线，思为核心。教给学生复习的方法，从而培养学生的自主学习能力，使复习达到最佳效果，从而在中考中最大限度发挥。
