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1、 定定语从句高考考点例析从句高考考点例析The best way you can get Complexsentence复合句：复合句：由由连词连接两个或多个接两个或多个主主谓结构构的句子，其中一个主的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子构是句子的的主要部分（主句）主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主，另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作构只在句子中作某个成分某个成分（如主（如主语、宾语、表、表语、定定语、状、状语、同位、同位语）。）。复合句复合句 = =主句主句+定定语从句从句一个主一个主谓结构是句子构是句子的的主要部分（主句）主要部分（主句）另一个或一个以上的主另一个或一个以上的主谓结构构只在
2、句子中作只在句子中作某个成分（定某个成分（定语）Thestudents(whodonotstudyhard)willnotpasstheexam.主句主主句主语从句主从句主语从句从句谓语结构构主句主句谓语结构构编辑课件编辑课件在句子中作在句子中作定定语，修，修饰名名词或或代代词的从句。的从句。这种从句由种从句由关系代关系代词或或关系副关系副词引引导，并作句子成分。，并作句子成分。定定语从句从句还叫做叫做嵌入句嵌入句，因形容因形容词定定语，所以又称之，所以又称之为形容形容词性从句性从句。Attributiveclause:定定语从句的位置：通常在先行从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。（在主
3、句中）后。编辑课件编辑课件语法法讲解解 定定语从句从句（the attributive clause） 被定被定语从句限定的从句限定的词是是_ ，引，引导定定语从从句的句的词叫做叫做 _ 或或 _。 关系代关系代词和关系副和关系副词有三大作用，即有三大作用，即连接接（连接定接定语从句和主句）、从句和主句）、替代替代（替代前面的（替代前面的 先行先行词）、）、成分成分（在定（在定语从句中要充当一定的从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。句子成分）。在复合句中，充当在复合句中，充当_ 用的从句是定用的从句是定语从句从句“先行先行词”“关系代关系代词”“关系副关系副词”形容形容词编辑课件编辑课件Theboy
4、 whoisreadingisTom.先行先行词关系代关系代词Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.先行先行词关系副关系副词编辑课件编辑课件先行先行词和关系和关系词的关系的关系1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.3.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.4.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.themachine=thattheboy=whotheboys=whos
5、eintheschool=where关系代关系代词实际上是先行上是先行词的复指的复指关系关系词whose实际上是先行上是先行词的所有格的所有格关系副关系副词实际上是介上是介词先行先行词编辑课件编辑课件Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代关系代词的的实质themachineamachinethat/which编辑课件编辑课件Revision1 relative pronoun 关系关系代词代词指代指代在定语从句中所充当的在定语从句中所充当的成分成分人人物物句子句子主语主语宾语宾
6、语定语定语whowhomwhichthatwhose编辑课件编辑课件relative adverb关系副词关系副词指代指代所充当的句子成分所充当的句子成分whenwherewhytimeplacereason时间状状语地点状地点状语原因状原因状语编辑课件编辑课件一一. 关系代关系代词的基本用法和注意点的基本用法和注意点1. 关系代关系代词的基本用法的基本用法三. 1. 关系代词的基本用法关系代词关系代词 指代的先指代的先行词行词充当从句的成分充当从句的成分who人人主语、宾语主语、宾语whom人人宾语宾语which物物主语、宾语主语、宾语that人或物人或物主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语wh
7、ose人或物人或物定语定语编辑课件编辑课件who指人指人,在定在定语语从句中作主从句中作主语语或或宾语宾语。作。作宾宾语时语时，可省略。，可省略。Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Aperson whostealsthingsiscalledathief.whom指人指人, ,在定在定语从句中作从句中作宾语，可省略，可省略。 Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.who, whom编辑课件编辑课件which指物，在定指物，在定语从句中作主从句中作主语或或宾语。作。作宾语时，可省略。，可省略。Thesearethetreeswhichwer
8、eplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.which编辑课件编辑课件Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.that指人或物，在定指人或物，在定语语从句中作主从句中作主语语或或宾宾语语。作。作宾语时宾语时，可省略。，可省略。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.that编辑课件编辑课件whose指人或物指人或物,在定在定语从句中作定从句中作定语。不可省略。不可省略。Weliveinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.Thisisthelittlegirlwhose
9、parentswerekilledinthegreatearthquake.whose编辑课件编辑课件2.关系代关系代词的用法注意点的用法注意点thatthatthatthat和和和和whichwhichwhichwhich的的的的选择选择 (1) that (1) that指物指物时一般可以与一般可以与whichwhich互互换，但在下列情，但在下列情况况引引导词只用只用thatthat，不用，不用whichwhich。当先行当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代等不定代词时，如：，如：a
10、.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.c.Thereislittle(that)theenemycandobesidessurrender.先行先行词被被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修修饰时：Ivereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.编辑课件编辑课件thatthatthatthat和和和和whichwhichwhichwhich的的的的选择选择先行先行词是是序数序数词或或形容形容词最高最高级修修饰时。Thisisthebest
11、book(that)Iveeverread.Thisisthefirstcomposition(that)hehaswritteninEnglish.先行先行词被被the only, the very, the last the only, the very, the last 修修饰时。Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone(that)Ireallylike.Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttofind. 当有两个或两个以上分当有两个或两个以上分别表示表示人和物人和物的先行的先行词时，这个定个定语从句要用从句要用thatthat而不用而不用who (w
12、hom)who (whom)和和whichwhich引引导。如：。如：Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools（that）hehadvisited.编辑课件编辑课件先行先行词是疑是疑问词who,which,what时，定，定语从句用从句用that而不用而不用who,(whom)和和which引引导。 that that that that和和和和whichwhichwhichwhich的的的的选择选择Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnot
13、knowthis?Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?当关系代当关系代词在从句中作表在从句中作表语时：Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.编辑课件编辑课件WhichWhich可以引可以引导非限定性定非限定性定语从句从句，可用于，可用于介介词后，其先后，其先行行词可是一个可是一个词, ,也可是整个也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分主句或主句的某一部分。1Sheheardaterriblenoise,_broughtherheartintohermout
14、h.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that2.Theweatherturnedouttobegood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it that that that that和和和和whichwhichwhichwhich的的的的选择选择（2 2 2 2）只用）只用）只用）只用whichwhichwhichwhich的情况的情况的情况的情况 B B 编辑课件编辑课件(3) whose引引导的定的定语从句注意点从句注意点whose引引导定定语从句，其后从句，其后应紧跟名跟名词，构成名，构成名词短短语。 whose与它所修与
15、它所修饰的名的名词一起可以作介一起可以作介词的的宾语。如：如：The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部他工作所在部门的老板已的老板已经听听说了了这个消息。个消息。(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点编辑课件编辑课件whose的先行的先行词指物指物时，可用，可用of which代替，但代替，但语序不同，即序不同，即whose+名名词 = the+名名词+of which，或，或= of which + the + 名名词。如：。如：The novel whose title (= the title of w
16、hich或或of which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting. whose引引导的定的定语从句，其先行从句，其先行词既可以指人既可以指人也可以指物。也可以指物。编辑课件编辑课件whose的先行的先行词词指人指人时时，可用，可用of whom代替，代替，但但语语序不同，即序不同，即whose+名名词词 = the+名名词词+of whom，或，或= of whom + the + 名名词词。如：。如：The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom或或of whom the mother) is
17、a doctor is my friend.编辑课件编辑课件二二. 关系副关系副词when, where和和why的用法的用法五. 关系副词的基本用法关系副词关系副词指代的先行词指代的先行词充当从句的成分充当从句的成分when表时间的名词表时间的名词/名词词组名词词组时间状语时间状语where表地点的名词表地点的名词/名词词组名词词组地点状语地点状语why表原因的名词表原因的名词原因状语原因状语编辑课件编辑课件用关系副用关系副词when时，先行，先行词指指时间，when在定在定语从句中作从句中作时间状状语，when可可换成成“介介词+关系关系代代词”。如：。如：I still remember
18、 the day when (= on which) I first came to Nanjing.My father was born in the year when (= in which) World War broke out.1. when1. when编辑课件编辑课件用关系副用关系副词where时，先行，先行词指地点，指地点，where在定在定语从句中作地点状从句中作地点状语，where可可换成成“介介词+关系关系代代词”。如：。如：This is the farm where (= on which) we worked when we were young.The scho
19、ol where (= in which) his mother teaches is in the west of the city.2. where2. where编辑课件编辑课件用关系副用关系副词why时，先行，先行词指原因，指原因，why在定在定语从句中作原因状从句中作原因状语，why可可换成成“介介词+关系代关系代词”。如：。如：There are several reasons why (= for which) the boys should be punished.Tom couldnt give the teacher the reason why (= for which)
20、 he was late for school.3. why3. why编辑课件编辑课件4. 关系副关系副词的用法注意点的用法注意点(1)当先行当先行词为time，表示，表示“次数次数”时，应用关用关系系词that 或省略。如：或省略。如：This is the first time (that) the president has visited the country.(2)当当point, situation, position, case,stage等等词作先行作先行词表示表示“情况，境地，情况，境地，场合合”等意思等意思时，其后常由其后常由where引引导定定语从句，从句，where
21、在句中作在句中作状状语。如：。如：Can you think of a situation where this phrase can be used?4. 关系副词的用法注意点编辑课件编辑课件巩固巩固练习：用适当的关系：用适当的关系词填空填空 1) October 1, 1949 was the day_ (_ _) China was founded. 2) Beijing is the place _ (_ _) I came. 3) Is this the reason _ (_ _) he didnt want to see me?whenon whichwherefrom whic
22、hwhyfor which巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空编辑课件编辑课件 4) Is this the room _(_ _) we were living last winter? 5) The days are gone _ (_ _) we used “foreign oil”. 6) Yesterday, we had a meeting _ (_ _) we discussed many problems.wherein whichwhenduring whichat whichwhere编辑课件编辑课件对比比练习：用适当的关系：用适当的关系词填空填空1.Theroom_heoncel
23、ivedisstillthere.Theroom_Ihavetocleaneverydaybelongstomymother.where/in which(that/which)对比练习：用适当的关系词填空编辑课件编辑课件2.Iwillneverforgettheday_Imetyou.Iwillneverforgettheday_wespenttogether.when/on which(that/which)编辑课件编辑课件Thereason_Idontknowisknowntohim.(that/which)why/for which3.Thereason_Idontknowthethi
24、ngisthatIwasnotthereatthattime.编辑课件编辑课件考点一考点一: :如何判定用如何判定用关系代关系代词还是用是用关系副关系副词1 1、找出定、找出定语从句中是否从句中是否主主语和和宾语都都齐全全。如。如齐全全用关系副用关系副词。 用什么关系副用什么关系副词看先行看先行词。Iwillneverforgetthedays(_Istayedwithyou).when_JurassicParkisaboutapark_(averyrichmankeepsdifferentKindsofdinosaurs)._where1958wastheyear_(Spielbergmad
25、ehisfirstrealfilm)._Pleasegivemethereason_(youmadesuchagreatsuccess)._whenwhyMorningisthebesttime_(youpractisereadingaloud)._whenDoyourememberthelake_(youfirstmetyourgirlfriend.）_where编辑课件编辑课件2 2、如定、如定语从句中缺从句中缺宾语，确定定，确定定语从句的从句的谓语动词是不是及物是不是及物 动词，如是，用，如是，用关系代关系代词，如不是，用如不是，用关系副关系副词。考点一考点一: :如何判定用如何判定用关
26、系代关系代词还是用是用关系副关系副词Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse_(thegreatwriterusedtolive)._wherein whichThehouse_(theybuiltin1987)stayedupintheearthquake.whichthat/_ _Luckilynoneofthepeople_(Iknow)werekilledintheearthquake.whowhomthat/_ _Myfatherwasbornintheyear_(theSecondWorldWarbrokeout)._inwhichwhen编辑课件编辑课件3 3
27、、如定、如定语从句中从句中谓语结构是被构是被动结构，有主构，有主语，则用用关系副关系副词。Kunmingisabeautifulplace_(flowersareseenalltheyearround).whereOctober1stistheday_(newChinawasfounded).whenThewindow(_wasopenedthismorning)hasbeenbroken.WhichthatThemeeting(_willbeheldnextweek)isveryimportant.Whichthat考点一考点一: :如何判定用如何判定用关系代关系代词还是用是用关系副关系副词
28、编辑课件编辑课件考点二：考点二：as与与which引引导的定的定语从句从句对这两个两个词作如下作如下归纳： 1、如果定、如果定语放主句后，即引用放主句后，即引用as也可以用也可以用which.Hefailedtotheexam,as(=which)isnatural.Sheseemsascientist,as(=which)infactsheis.Grammarisnotadeadrule,which(=as)Ihavesaidbefore. 2 2、如果从句在主句前，、如果从句在主句前，这时要用要用asas而不用而不用whichwhich引引导 定定语从句。如：从句。如：Asweallkno
29、w,hisparentswerekilledinthewar.Asweallknow,theearthisround.编辑课件编辑课件3.用于用于thesameas,suchas，asas,soas中，中，一般用一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.ThisisthesamebookasIlentyouyesterday.4.as代表前面主句意思代表前面主句意思时，有，有“正如正如”之意，而之意，而which没有没有此意思，从句中的此意思，从句中的动词常是常是expect,know,see,think,want,suppose等。等。Hewo
30、nthematch,aswehadexpected.Heagreedtotheplan,aswastobeexpected.Thepolicewerelookingforhim,ashethought.考点二：考点二：as与与which引引导的定的定语从句从句Hereissobigastoneasnomancanlift.编辑课件编辑课件5.as在从句中作主在从句中作主语时，后面常接行，后面常接行为动词的被的被动语态，如如beknown，besaid，bereported等，如从句中行等，如从句中行为动词是主是主动语态，一般要用，一般要用which作主作主语。e.g.Shehasbeenlat
31、eagain,aswasexpected.Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy.6.如果从句的内容如果从句的内容对主句内容起着消极作用，或者主句内容起着消极作用，或者说导致的致的结果，果，则用用which.a.Hecheatedhisfriendofmachmoney,whichwasverydisgraceful.b.Hecamebacklate,whichmadehismotherworried.考点二：考点二：as与与which引引导的定的定语从句从句编辑课件编辑课件考点三：关系代关系代词前介前介词的确定的确定如何如何选定介定介词:1.根据从句
32、中根据从句中动词与先行与先行词的的逻辑关系，关系，请体会：体会：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中根据从句中动词或形容或形容词的的习惯搭配，如：搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichImsure.3.根据先行根据先行词与介与介词的搭配的搭配习惯，请体会：体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.编辑课件编辑课件4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分的一
33、部分时，可，可用用“数数词/代代词+of+关系代关系代词”的的结构，如：构，如：e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.5.Whose从句可从句可转换为“of+关系代关系代词”型，如：型，如：e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopentothesouth.考点三：关系代关系代词前介前介词
34、的确定的确定编辑课件编辑课件关系副关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的可以用适当的介介词+which来替代。来替代。如：如：when=in/on/at+which,where=in/on/at+which,why=for+which介介词的位置非常灵活，有的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代放在关系代词之前，有之前，有时放在放在动词之后。之后。eg.1.Iwontforgetthedatewhen(onwhich)Iwasborn.2.Thisistheroomwhere(inwhich)Ilived.=ThisistheroomwhichIlivedin.3.Idontknowther
35、easonwhy(forwhich)hehaventcometoday.4.Tomstillremembersthedayswhen(inwhich)theylivedinTianjin.考点三：关系代关系代词前介前介词的确定的确定编辑课件编辑课件思考？思考？是否所有的介是否所有的介词+关系代关系代词都能用关系副都能用关系副词代替代替?Thepainting(_Ilooked)waspaintedbyme.atwhichThebook(_Iheard)waswrittentwentyyearsago.aboutwhichThepen(_shewrotethatbook)cannowbeseen
36、inamuseum.withwhichKunmingisabeautifulplace_(flowersareseenalltheyearround).where/inwhichIwillneverforgottheday_Ifirstmetyouontheship.onwhich/whenduringwhichThefilm(_Ifellasleep)wasveryboring.结论：只有当介只有当介词+关系代关系代词充当地点状充当地点状语、时间状状语或原因状或原因状语时，才能用关系副，才能用关系副词代替。代替。编辑课件编辑课件六六. 非限制性定非限制性定语从句从句1. 非限制性定非限制性定
37、语从句的定从句的定义非限制性定非限制性定语从句是从句是对被修被修饰部分部分进行附加行附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。它和主句之它和主句之间的关系比的关系比较松散，因此常用逗号松散，因此常用逗号隔开。不用隔开。不用that 引引导My watch, which is very old, stopped again.六. 1. 非限制性定语从句的定义编辑课件编辑课件2.限制性定限制性定语从句与非限制性定从句与非限制性定语从句的区从句的区别(1)限制性定限制性定语从句和主句的关系十分密切，从句和主句的关系十分密切，若省去，主句的意思就不明确。主从
38、句之若省去，主句的意思就不明确。主从句之间不用逗号隔开。而非限制性定不用逗号隔开。而非限制性定语从句从句则不然。不然。试比比较：This is the best book that I have read.This is a good book, which is easy to understand.2. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别编辑课件编辑课件(2)限制性定限制性定语从句的先行从句的先行词总是一个名是一个名词或一个或一个代代词，而非限制性定，而非限制性定语从句的先行从句的先行词可以是一个可以是一个词，也可以是部分或整个主句的意思。此，也可以是部分或整个主句的意思。此时，一，一
39、般用关系代般用关系代词as或或which引引导。(4)在非限制性定在非限制性定语从句中，不能省略关系代从句中，不能省略关系代词，而在限制性定，而在限制性定语从句中从句中则可以。可以。(3)限制性定限制性定语从句可以用关系代从句可以用关系代词that引引导，而非，而非限制性定限制性定语从句从句则不能。不能。编辑课件编辑课件(5)关系代关系代词在非限制性定在非限制性定语从句中作介从句中作介词的的宾语时，介，介词前可以有被介前可以有被介词短短语所修所修饰的的词。如：。如：(6)在非限制性定在非限制性定语从句中，关系代从句中，关系代词还可以可以作介作介词的的宾语。He has two daughter
40、s, the elder of whom is married.He is ill, in spite of which he keeps on studying.编辑课件编辑课件1).a.Isawsometrees,andtheleavesof_wereblackwithdisease.b.Isawsometrees,theleavesof_wereblackwithdisease.2).a.Theprofessorisalittleman,onthenoseof_thereisapairofglasses.b.Theprofessorisalittleman,andonthenoseof_
41、thereisapairofglasses解解题点点拨:是否有是否有连词是区分定是区分定语从句和并列句的关从句和并列句的关键。themwhomwhichhim_高考考点高考考点易混句型易混句型1.1.定定语从句与并列句从句与并列句编辑课件编辑课件1).a.Thenews_ourvolleyballteamwonthematchmadeusexcited.b.Thenews_hetoldmeyesterdayisexciting.2).a.Imadeapromise_ifanyonesetmefree,Iwouldmakehimveryrich.b.Themothermadeapromise_p
42、leasedallherchildren.that(that/which)that/whichthat解解题点点拨：that引引导的的定定语从句从句是是对其先行其先行词的的修修饰或限制或限制；在句中；在句中作成份作成份( (作作宾语省略省略),),指物指物时可用可用whichwhich代替；而代替；而同位同位语从句从句是是对前面名前面名词的的说明和解明和解释。that在从句中在从句中仅起起连接作用接作用, ,不充当成份不充当成份，不能省略，不能省略, ,不能用不能用whichwhich代替。代替。 .定定语从句与同位从句与同位语从句从句编辑课件编辑课件1)a.Itisinthisroom_Il
43、ivedlastyear.b.Itistheroom_Ilivedlastyear.2)a.Itwasatsevenoclock_hewenttoschoolthismorning.b.Itwassevenoclock_hewenttoschoolthismorning.解解题点点拨：强调句型：句型：It is/was+ +被被强调的成的成份份+ +that/who+ +其它部分其它部分; ; 去掉去掉Itis/was.that/who,句子照句子照样成立成立; ;而定而定语从句的从句的引引导词在句中要作成份在句中要作成份。thatwherethatwhen. .定定语从句与从句与强调句句编辑
44、课件编辑课件注意注意一一:way后面的定后面的定语从句从句 way后面的定后面的定语从句的引从句的引导词有有inwhichthat或或不填不填，如：，如：IrecognizedhesfromAustraliafromtheway_hespeaks.in which ( that / 不填不填)编辑课件编辑课件注意二：定注意二：定语从句的位置从句的位置问题一般的一般的说，定，定语从句由关系从句由关系词引引导紧跟在被跟在被修修饰的的词（先行（先行词）后）后边。As引引导的定的定语从从句句可以可以放在句首。放在句首。Ihappenedtomeetthemaninthestreet.A.whomyou
45、oncespokeB.towhoyouoncespokeC.youoncespoketohimD.youoncespoketo编辑课件编辑课件注意二：定注意二：定语从句的位置从句的位置问题.Ihappenedtomeetthemaninthestreet.A.whomyouoncespokeB.towhoyouoncespokeC.youoncespoketohimD.youoncespoketo但是如果在容易造成歧义的情况下可以的。如果把定语从句放在inthestreet之前，容易被人理解为“你曾经在街上说过话的人”。所以先要照顾句子意思编辑课件编辑课件注意二：定注意二：定语从句的位置从句的
46、位置问题但是如果在容易造成歧义的情况下可以的。如果把定语从句放在inthestreet之前，容易被人理解为“你曾经在街上说过话的人”。所以先要照顾句子意思，另如：HecametoParisin1897,_hebecameafamousactorlater.where编辑课件编辑课件注意三：疑问句the one有关的问题1.Isthismuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone2.Isthisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone编辑课件
47、编辑课件注意三：疑问句the one有关的问题例1变为肯定句：Thismuseumis_youvisitedafewdaysago.例2变为肯定句：Thisisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld.在句1中，is后应跟表语，只有theone可以，而后面的youvisitedafewdaysago则做one的定语从句。而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因inthemuseum词组，可用介词in+which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A。编辑课件编辑课件编辑课件编辑课件 1.that 与与which1.Noth
48、ing_canbedonehasbeendone.2.Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?先行先行词是是everything, nothing, everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, anything, something, much, little, nonenone等不定代等不定代词，引，引导定定语从句用从句用thatthatthatthat编辑课件编辑课件1.ThisisthebestTV_ismadeinChina.2.Thefirstmuseum_hevisitedinChi
49、nawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。 1.that 与与which编辑课件编辑课件Ivereadallthebooks_youlentme.that先行先行词被被any, some, no, any, some, no, much, few, little, much, few, little, every, all, very, every, all, very, only, last only, last 修修饰时, ,引引导定定语从句用从句用that that 。 1.that 与与which编辑课件编
50、辑课件1.Thefamouswriterandhisworks_theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.2.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing_sufferspain,death,harm,etc.先行先行词中既有人又有事物中既有人又有事物时，引引导定定语从句用从句用that .that .thatthat 1.that 与与which编辑课件编辑课件1.Who_youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?WhoWho做先行做先行词时，引引导定定语从句用从句用thatthatth
51、at 1.that 与与which编辑课件编辑课件1.Herbag,in_sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.2.Thisistheringon_shespent1000dollars.3.XiaoWang,with_Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.whichwhichwhom在介在介词后面，指事物后面，指事物用用whichwhich，指人用，指人用whomwhom 1.that 与与which编辑课件编辑课件1.根据从句中的动词搭配This is the book _ which you asked.注意：注意：动词短短语不能拆
52、，即介不能拆，即介词不提前不提前我照我照顾的那个老人好多了。的那个老人好多了。The old man after whom I am looking is better. The old man whom I am looking after is better.介介词+whom/which如何判断介如何判断介词for编辑课件编辑课件2.根据从句中的形容词搭配He told me some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.This is our classroom, in the front of which there is a
53、teachers desk.如何判断介如何判断介词with3.根据先行词与介词搭配编辑课件编辑课件4.介词 + 关系代词 = 关系副词My grandpa was born in 1939 _ the World War broke out.Kun Ming is a beautiful place _ flowers are seen all the year round.如何判断介如何判断介词in whichwhenin whichwhere编辑课件编辑课件1.The song, _ we are interested will be broadcast tonight.2.He is t
54、he hero _ we are proud.3.This is the college _ well visit a famous actor.4.The earth _ we live is a big round ball.in whichof whomin whichon whichExercise编辑课件编辑课件16.Do you like the book _ she spent $10? 17.Do you like the book _ she paid $10?18.Do you like the teacher _ she learned a lot? 19.Do you
55、like the teacher _ we are talking has gone abroad? 20.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.on whichfor whichfrom whomabout whomof which介介词+关系代关系代词的使用的使用编辑课件编辑课件whose引引导的定的定语从句从句表示所属关系表示所属关系Theriver_banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.whose3 Who
56、se 的使用的使用编辑课件编辑课件Thereareinthisclass20students,_aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.ThebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhoseWhose 的使用的使用编辑课件编辑课件Theearthisround,_weallknow._isknowntoall,theearthisround_isknowntoallthattheearthisround.asAsIt定定语从句在句首从句在句首时只能用只能用as, as, as as 具有正如之
57、意，与之搭配具有正如之意，与之搭配的的动词一般是固定的一般是固定的4 as 的使用的使用编辑课件编辑课件ThisisthesamebookasIlost.ThisisthesamebookthatIlost.这本本书和我和我丢的那本一模一的那本一模一样。这本本书就是我就是我丢的那本。的那本。as 的使用的使用编辑课件编辑课件Thisissuchaninterestingbook_wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_wealllike.asas这是大家都喜是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一的如此有趣的一本本书。定定语从句从句as 的使用的使用编辑课件编辑课件Thisis
58、suchaninterestingbook_wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook_wealllikeit.thatthat这本本书如此有趣，大家都喜如此有趣，大家都喜欢。结果状果状语从句从句as 的使用的使用编辑课件编辑课件1.Itisveryusefultomasteraforeignlanguage,_hasbeensaidbefore.which 2_everyonehoped,Maryhaswonthefirstprize.Asasas引引导定定语从句可放在句首，句中，从句可放在句首，句中，句末，句末，而而which 引引导定定语从句不能从句不能放在
59、句首放在句首.as译为正如，好像。，正如，好像。，which which 则没有此没有此义。as 的使用的使用编辑课件编辑课件5 when, where, why 与与that,which 的区分的区分 ）Illneverforgettheday_wefirstmetinthepark.）Illneverforgetthetime_Ispentwithyou.）Illneverforgetthetime_wasspentwithyou.）Thisisthemuseum_Ivisitedlastyear.whenwhichthatwhichthatwhichthat编辑课件编辑课件5 when,
60、 where, why 与与that,which 的区分的区分 Thisisthereason_(=forwhich)Ididntcomehere.Thereason_shegavewasnottrue.whythatwhich/that指指时间，地点或原因的先行，地点或原因的先行词在定在定语从句从句中作主中作主语或或宾语，用，用which或或that引引导定定语从句。从句。编辑课件编辑课件6 定定语从句中的从句中的动词的数的数Heistheonlyoneinhisclasswho_(have)gottheteacherspraiseHeisoneofthestudentsinhisclass
61、who_(have)gottheteacherspraisehashave关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词编辑课件编辑课件Correctthesentences:1.Imusingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday.2.Isthatfactorywhichyourfatheronceworkedin?3.ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada.4.July1,1999isthedaywhenwellneverforget.(去掉去掉)theone_to_which5.Thestudentsandthingswhichyouspok
62、eofareknowntous._that编辑课件编辑课件5.Einsteinissuchagreatscientistthatwemustlearnfrom.6.ThestudentwhosbookIhadborroweddidntcometoschooltoday.7.Whoistheworkerwhotooksomepicturesofthefactory.8.Itistheoneofthebestfilmswhichhavebeenshownrecently.9.ThethirdplacewhichwearegoingtovisitisHangzhou10.Whichisknownto
63、all,manysatellitearegoingaroundinthesky._as_Whosethat_that_that_As编辑课件编辑课件练习题1、All_isusefultousisgood.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC编辑课件编辑课件2、Isthisfactory_wevisitedlastweek.A、whereB、thatC、whichD、theoneD编辑课件编辑课件3、Shewillneverforgettheday_shespentinBeijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC编辑课件编辑课件4、Thisisthes
64、chool_myfatherworked20yearsago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereD编辑课件编辑课件5、Thisistheveryfactory_wevisitedlastyear.A、thatB、whichC、whatD、theoneA编辑课件编辑课件6、Thetextisoneofthemostinterestingstories_learntinthepastthreedays.A、thathaveB、thathavebeenC、whichhasD、whichhasbeenB编辑课件编辑课件7、Thecollegewonttakeanyone_eyesig
65、htisweak.A、whoB、whoseC、ofwhomD、whichB编辑课件编辑课件8、Letmethinkofapropersituation_thissentencecanbeused.A、whereB、thatC、ofwhomD、whichA编辑课件编辑课件9、Theman_youaretalkingisinthenextroom.A、towhomB、aboutwhomC、aboutwhoD、whomB编辑课件编辑课件10、Thisisthelastfactory_heusedtoworkat,manyworkersof_stillhaveagoodrelationshipwith
66、him.A、that;itB、which;whomC、that;whichD、which;thatC编辑课件编辑课件11、Those_totakepartinthegamewritedownyournames.A、whoB、whowantC、whatwantsD、wantB编辑课件编辑课件12、I，_yougoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A、whoisB、whatisC、whatamD、whoamD编辑课件编辑课件13、Hiswalkingstick,_hecantwalk,waslostyesterday.A、thatB、withwhichC、whi
67、chD、withoutwhichD编辑课件编辑课件14、Theyhavedecidedtofinishtheirwork,_,Ithinkisawisechoice.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、whetherC编辑课件编辑课件15、Idontliketheway_hespoketome.A、bythatB、whatC、bywhichD、/D编辑课件编辑课件16、Thisistheonlything_Icandonow.A、whatB、whichC、thatD、allC编辑课件编辑课件17、Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_werebuiltfiveyearsago.A、allofthemB、eitherofthemC、allofwhichD、bothofthatC编辑课件编辑课件18、Hetoldmethereason_hedidntcomehere.A、whichB、thatC、whyD、whatC编辑课件编辑课件19、Thisisthereason_hetoldme.A、thatB、whyC、onwhichD、forthatA编辑课件编辑课件20、Whichofthetwocows_youkeepproducesmoremilk?A、whichB、thatC、whatD、asB编辑课件编辑课件编辑课件编辑课件
