Unit 16 Scientists at work •Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦•1．n． 实验；试验•2．n. 有利条件；优点•3．n. 舒适；安慰•4． adj. 成功的；胜利的•5．vt. 使充电；要(价)；控告，攻击•6．vt. 证明；证实experimentadvantagecomfortsuccessfulchargeprove •7．vt.& n. 控制；支配；管理•8．vt. 扎牢；拴紧；使固定•9． vt.& n. 测试；试验；检验•10．n．& vt. 怀疑；疑惑•11． n. 观点；风景•12． n. 电击；打击；震动•13．vt.& vi. 撕扯；撕裂；撕毁•14． adj. 锐利的；轮廓清晰的；灵敏的•15．n. 感觉；感官•16．n. 结束；结论controlfastentestdoubtviewshocktearsharpsenseconclusion •Ⅱ.重点短语扫描•1． 若干，一些•2． 挑出，辨别出•3． 利用•4．浪费•5． 违背•6． 利用……•7．在……(身上)做试验•8．把……捆在……上•9． 在……的控制下a number ofpick outmake use ofa waste ofgo againsttake advantage oftest ontie...to...under the control of •Ⅲ.课文原句突破•1．Having realised that I could use a kite to attract lightning，I decided to do an experiment.•[信息提取] having done是现在分词的完成式，在此句中作时间状语。
•[例句仿写] 由于在这个城市居住了多年，她非常了解这个城市•________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________，she knows it quite well.•【答案】 Having lived in the city for many years •2．Tie_the_corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross，and you will have a nice strong kite.•[信息提取] 本句型结构为：祈使句＋and＋陈述句•[例句仿写] 只要你努力，一定会成功•Work hard________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.•【答案】 and you will succeed in time •3．There_is_no_doubt that 100 years ago animal testing was cruel but today animals in experiments are very well taken care of.•[信息提取] there is no doubt that....毫无疑问……。
•[例句仿写] 毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的意见的•________ ________ ________ ________ ________they will agree with you on this matter.•【答案】 There is no doubt that •4．Scientists say that if a medicine works with animals，there_is_a_very_high_chance_that it also works with people.•[信息提取] That is a chance that...有可能……•[例句仿写] 明天下雨的可能性不大•________ ________ ________ ________ ________it will rain tomorrow.•【答案】 There is little chance that •advantage n.•(1)有利条件，优点，优势 •She’s got the job because she has the advantages over others of knowing many languages.因为她有别人所没有的懂多种语言的长处，所以获得了这项工作。
•Her teaching experience gave her a big advantage over the other applicants for the job.•她的教学经验使她比其他求职者具有更大的有利条件•It will be to your advantage to study abroad.•留学对你将会有好处 •(2)take advantage of利用•We took advantage of the fine weather to go on a hike.•我们利用晴朗的天气去远足•I hope that this library is fully taken advantage of.•我希望这座图书馆能被充分利用 •1．He was an older tennis player，so he had the________of rich experience.•A．interest B．benefit•C．advantage D．usefulness•【解析】 有丰富的经验是他的优势，interest兴趣，benefit益处，usefulness有用。
•【答案】 C •2．I’d like to take________of this opportunity to thank you for your help.•A．advantage B．case•C．use D．care•【解析】 take advantage of 利用•【答案】 A •charge v.•(1)要价；收费•How much did he charge you for repairing the bicycle?•他修理自行车收了你多少钱？•(2)交给(某人)责任；命令•She charged me to look after her daughter.•她要我负责看管她的女儿•He was charged with an important task.•他承担了一项重要使命 •(3)使充电•Is your car battery charged easily?•你那辆汽车的蓄电池容易充电吗？•(4)控告•charge sb.with sth.控告某人犯某罪•He was charged with stealing the jewels.他被指控偷窃珠宝。
•(1)free of charge免费•(2)in the charge of在……的掌管下•(3)in charge of主管，掌管•(4)take charge of主管 •She took charge of the family business when her father died.•她在父亲死后掌管家里的生意•Will you be in charge of the company when I am away?•我不在的时候你负责公司事务好吗？•The company is in the charge of Tom when the boss is away.•老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务 •3．Much to my surprise，he was________with stealing the jewels.•A．Accused B．charged•C．suspected D．arrested•【解析】 charged with被指控……•【答案】 B •4．As far as I know，all the children________the nurse are taken good care of.•A．taking charge of B．in the charge of•C．in charge of D．under charge of•【解析】 由题意知“孩子们由护士负责”，因此使用in the charge of the nurse作后置定语，修饰the children，其中the不可省略。
•【答案】 B •5．—Excuse me，what is the________of this room?•—Fifty dollars a night.•A．pay B．use•C．cost D．charge•【答案】 C •Prove•The task proved to be more difficult than we’d expected.•这项任务比我们预料的要难得多•What he said proved (to be) true.他的话被证明是真实的 •Can you prove your theory to us？你能向我们证明你的理论吗？•The little boy has proved his cleverness in the television quiz.•这个小男孩在这次电视知识测验中证明了他的聪明 •6．(2009年南通期中)We had thought the examination would be difficult，but it________easy.•A．turned B．resulted•C．Appeared D．proved•【解析】 本句句意为：我们原以为这次考试会很难，但是结果很容易。
句中it指的是examination，而prove相当于turn out表示“结果是，证明是”的意思，符合语境要求•【答案】 D •control•(1)vt.控制，管理 •The office workers tried to put out the fire but it was impossible to control it.办公室的工作人员试图灭火，但他们控制不了火势•On hearing the bad news，the heartbroken mother couldn’t control her feelings and cried out.•一听到这个坏消息，悲痛欲绝的妈妈难以自制，失声痛哭 •(2)n.克制，管理 •The situation quickly got out of control and the police were called in.形势很快失控，有人叫来了警察•Who said the boys were beyond control?•谁说这些孩子无法管教？•All schools are under the control of the Ministry of Education.•所有学校统归教育部管辖。
•7．(2009年武汉检测)The people began to break the windows，but the police soon had the situation________.•A．out of control B．under control•C．beyond control D．lose control•【解析】 本句句意为：人们开始砸玻璃，但警察很快将局面控制住了根据上下文及关键信息词but...soon可以判断：局面得到了控制，而under control被控制住，其他三项均表示“失控”•【答案】 B •8．If not____________________(认真控制)，some terrible disease would spread in the strickenareas after the earthquake.(control)•【答案】 carefully controlled •Sense•Generally speaking，the driver has a good sense of direction.•一般说来，司机有很好的方向感。
•(2)道理，领悟力 •You are right in a sense，but you don’t know all the facts.•在某种意义上你是对的，但你不了解全部事实•No matter how you read it，this sentence doesn’t make sense.•不管你怎么读，这个句子都讲不通•Can you make sense of what I said？你能明白我说的话吗？•There is no sense in worrying about it now.•现在担心那事也没有意义 •(3)vt.感觉到，觉察出；跟名词、代词或从句•She sensed that she was not welcome.•她感觉到自己不受欢迎 •9．(2008年浙江卷)Dogs have a very good________of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.•A．sense B．view•C．means D．idea•【解析】 句意为：狗有很好的嗅觉，常常用于搜寻地震中的幸存者。
sense感官，感觉，如：a sense of smell/hearing/taste/touch嗅/听/味/触觉view观点，看法；means方法；idea主意，想法•【答案】 A •10．(2005年浙江卷)I am sure David will be able to find the library—he has a pretry good________of direction.•A．idea B．feeling•C．experience D．sense•【解析】 have a sense of...有……的感觉，该句意为“我敢肯定戴维能找到图书馆，他有很好的方向感”•【答案】 D •11．No matter how I tried to read it，I just couldn’t make______of this sentence.•A．meaning B．thought•C．Sense D．idea•【解析】 make sense of理解，明白句意为“不管我怎么努力读，可就是不明白这个句子的意思”•【答案】 C •12．(2009年北京、黄冈模拟)If you want to see a doctor，you should make an appointment with him ahead of time.This is a common________in the USA.•A．rule B．sense•C．practice D．habit•【解析】 common sense生活需识。
•【答案】 B •make use of利用•We should make use of water to produce electricity.•我们应当利用水力来发电•He made full use of his free time to learn French.•他充分利用空余时间来学法语 •(1)make good use of好好利用•(2)make full use of充分利用•(3)make the best /most use of最有效利用•(4)make little use of不充分利用•You should make the best use of this chance.•你该好好利用这次机会•Make the best use of your limited time.•尽可能利用你有限的时间 •13．Whether he will succeed or not lies in the________________________________(他利用) the chance.(use)•【答案】 use he makes of•14．Every minute should be made good________of to prepare for the exam.•A．sense B．use •C．point D．view•【解析】 make good use of充分利用。
•【答案】 B •(P27)There is no doubt that 100 years ago animal testing was cruel but today animals in experiments are very well taken care of.毫无疑问一百年前动物实验还很残忍，但是今天实验中的动物得到了很好的照料•(1)doubt vt.怀疑其后可以接从句，当doubt用于肯定句时，从句用if或whether引导；当doubt用于疑问句或否定句时，从句用that引导 •I doubt if/whether he’ll succeed.•我怀疑他是否能成功•I don’t doubt that he’ll be successful.•我对他的成功毫不怀疑•Do you doubt that he’ll be successful？•你对他的成功怀疑吗？ •(2)doubt用做名词时，后面接同位语从句，肯定句用whether引导，否定句、疑问句用that引导•There is no doubt that he’ll be successful.毫无疑问他会成功的。
•Is there any doubt that he’ll be successful?•对于他的成功有什么疑问吗？•I have some doubts whether he’ll be successful.•我对他的成功有些怀疑 •15．________________________(仍然有疑虑) among the people as to the practical value of the project.(remain)•【答案】 There remains doubt•16．Some researchers believe that _______________ (毫无疑问) a cure for AIDS will be found.(doubt)•【答案】 there is no doubt that •(P27)Scientists say that if a medicine works with animals，there is a very high chance that it also works with people.科学家说，如果药品对动物有效，那么对人起作用的可能性就非常大。
•(1)chance在本句中意为“可能性”，既可用做可数名词，也可用做不可数名词•You have more chance of catching the train if you take a taxi.•如果你打的，就更有可能赶上火车•There is a slight chance that he’ll be back in time.•他及时赶回来的可能性不大 •(2)chance后的that从句为同位语从句，进一步解释说明chance的具体内容(类似的名词还有：idea，fact，news，promise等)•There is a good chance that he will come back to life.•他很有可能苏醒过来•There is no chance that Jim will change his mind.•吉姆不可能改变主意 •17．________________________(有可能) that Bill will recover from his injure in time for the race.(chance)•【答案】 There is chance •Ⅰ.单词拼写•1．It’s________(不必要) to spend so much money on clothes.•【答案】 unnecessary•2．My husband is a great________(安慰) to me when I am ill.•【答案】 comfort •3．After doing the________(实验) again and again，the scientist came to a conclusion.•【答案】 experiment•4．In the 18th and 19th centuries，scientists made many important________(发现)．•【答案】 discoveries•5．Don’t pull the cloth so hard.It________(撕) easily.•【答案】 tears •II.语法专练 •1．(2009年安徽卷)—Do you think it’s a good idea to make friends with your students?•—________，I do.I think it’s a great idea.•A．Really B．Obviously•C．Actually D．Generally•【解析】 句意为：——你认为和你的学生交朋友是一个好主意吗？——其实，我真的认为这是个很不错的主意。
Really真正地；Obviously明显地；Actually实际上；Generally大体上actually在句子中起加强语气的作用，相当于sure，certainly，of course• 【【答案答案】】 C •2．(2008年天津卷)My brother is really________.He often works in his office far into the night.•A．openminded B．hardworking•C．selfconfident D．warmhearted•【解析】 句意为：我哥哥工作很勤奋他经常在他的办公室工作到深夜根据句意可知此处应为hardworking(勤勉的，努力的)•【答案】 B •3．(2007年全国卷Ⅱ)Speaking of all the songs he has written，I think this is probably his________one.•A．betterknown B．wellknown•C．bestknown D．mostknown•【解析】 考查形容词化的过去分词作定语。
根据句意，谈及在他所写的所有歌曲中，要用最高级形式，most不能用来修饰形容词化的过去分词•【答案】 C •4．China will be a________country in the middle of next century.•A．highdeveloping B．highdeveloped•C．highlydevelop D．highlydeveloped•【解析】 句意为：下个世纪中叶中国将成为高度发达的国家本题考查doing与done作形容词的用法doing表示“正在……”，done表示“完成的”•【答案】 D •5．He didn’t have enough money to buy a new car.He had to get a________car.•A．second hand B．secondhanded•C．secondhand D．secondhands•【解析】 该合成形容词是由“数词＋名词”构成，secondhand旧的，二手的•【答案】 C 。