四级翻译技巧四级翻译技巧 一、题型简介一、题型简介•在四级新题型考试中，翻译题所占分值为5%，时间为5分钟，由5个句子组成，要求考生将句子的一部分由中文翻译成英文它考查的内容主要包括两部分，一是意群的表达，二是句法 二、应试技巧二、应试技巧•1)首先，确定考点关键考点关键(词组或语法结构)，寻找可能的英文相应表达；•2)然后，利用相应的语法结构或功能连接方式(connectives)将词组连接起来；•3)最后，结合待翻译的文字在句子中所处的位置与功能，根据句法结构理顺语言 三、翻译常见问题和应对政策三、翻译常见问题和应对政策 • 1).理解表达不到位是翻译的最大问题• 2).理解关键在于理解句子的语法结构• 3)表达关键在于用符合英语语言的习惯来做适当调整 • 4)加强句法和和词汇基础，持之以恒 四、 翻译标准方法步骤四、 翻译标准方法步骤• 1).标准：准确、通顺、完整• 2).方法：以直译为主适当意译• 3).步骤： 通读全句，准确理解 分析成分，划分意群 选择词义，贴切表达 适当调整，书写译文 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译pA.定语从句与同位语从句的区别：定语从句与同位语从句的区别：p1).定语从句先行词可以是任何名词，而同位语从句先定语从句先行词可以是任何名词，而同位语从句先行词相当有限，例如：行词相当有限，例如：conclusion, fact, news, idea, belief, message, hope, evidence, opinion, problem, thought, understanding… p2).同位语从句中同位语从句中 that 不在从句中充当任何成分，定不在从句中充当任何成分，定语从句语从句 that 充当一定句子成分。
充当一定句子成分pB. 定语定语 1).分词短语作定语分词短语作定语 2).不定式作定语不定式作定语 3).介词短语介词短语作定语 作定语 4).形容词做定语形容词做定语 上述成分做定语时，一般来说，应把定语翻译在中心上述成分做定语时，一般来说，应把定语翻译在中心词前面 p The problem lies in how people look at those students ___(专心追求知识的). pwho are kownledge-oriented/absorbed in acquiring kownledge/absorbed in pursuing knowledgep 「超级单词」sth.-oriented追求……，orient n.东方adj.东方的，上升的vi.向东 vt.使适应、确定方向oriented导向的，其实这里可以很多种译法 p13. I'm not accustomed to such luxury, _____ (它简直是浪费钱).pwhich is just a waste of money 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译pC.倒装结构：倒装结构：pHere comes the bus.pHere you are.p１．完全倒装：谓语动词全部移到主语的前面１．完全倒装：谓语动词全部移到主语的前面 The child ran away. → Away ran the child. 作用：有动感p１）一些标志副词 Out/in/off/up/down/away/here/therep2)开头是状语 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译p２２．．部部分分倒倒装装：：把把助助动动词词或或者者是是情情态态动动词词放放在在主主语语的前面的前面p(1).表示表示“也（不）＂也（不）＂pI like this book. So does he. (so/neither/nor 放在句首，后面用不完全到装放在句首，后面用不完全到装)p(2).as引导让步状语从句时，从句的表语可以放在最前面：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas (have been challenged) today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time. Much as he likes her, he does get annoyed with her sometimes. 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译p（（3））.含有否定意义的词放在句首，要用部分含有否定意义的词放在句首，要用部分倒装倒装: Never/little/few/hardly/scarcely/seldom/in no way/ no longer/ on no account/ under no circumstancep（（4））.关关于于only：：加加状状语语放放在在句句首首，，后后面面要要用部分倒装用部分倒装:pOnly under special circumstances are freshmen permitted to take make_ up tests. p If you won't agree to our plan,_____________________( 他们也不会同意 ). pneither will they p Only after I slapped him on the back ____( 他才发现我并高兴得叫起来 ).pdid he notice me and shouted with happiness 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译pD. 比较结构比较结构 1). As…as… 2). not so… as… 3). rather A，than B 与其说B，不如说A 4). less A，more B 与其说A，不如说BpThere engines are___________________ (不如我们制造的那些发动机功率大) . pless powerful than the ones we have made pE. 并列结构并列结构 两个或两个以上的并列成分有明显的连词标记或标点符号连接，如： and, or, but, both and, neither…nor, not but, not only…but also…等。
五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译pF. 否定结构否定结构 p1).部分否定：部分否定：若否定句中出 all，both，every，each 等类似词语，则表部分否部分否定定 2).形状否定：形状否定： 例如： His contribution can not be exaggerated. 他的贡献极大 You can never be careful enough. 你必须多加小心 pMost people tend to believe that " the newer, the better, " _____ ( 尽管并不总是这样 ).pthough that is not always the case 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译pF. 否定结构否定结构 p3).形式肯定，内容否定形式肯定，内容否定 He is anything but / except a scholar. 他绝不是一个学者 Swimming here is far from / not at all dangerous. 在此游泳毫无危险。
He is the last person I want to meet. 他是我最不想见的人 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译pG. 形式主语形式主语p翻译方法固定，可当作短语直接翻译在句子最前面 It is reported that 据报道 It is estimated that 据估计 It is conjectured that 据推测 It must be admitted that 必须承认 It can not be denied that / There is no denying that 不可否认 It can be said without fear / exaggeration that 可以毫不夸张地说 p_____ ( 据说 ) the painter used his aunt as the model in that painting.pIt is said that 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译H. 强调结构：还原强调部分，直接翻译强调结构：还原强调部分，直接翻译It is ________(重要的不是谁来统治我们重要的不是谁来统治我们), but how he rules us. not who rules us that is important 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译I.情态动词的完成式。
情态动词的完成式The room is in a terrible mess; it _____________________ (肯定没肯定没打扫过打扫过) . p 4.can't have been cleanedp 情态动词+have done"表示推测，must/can/may/might/could/should/pneed/ought to各用于不同句型中 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译J. 非谓语动词非谓语动词I don't mind your_____________(你延期做出决定你延期做出决定) the decision as long as it is not too late. delaying making 「mind作及物动词，后面通常接名词、代词、V-ing形式、复合结构、从句等I have had great deal of of trouble______________________________.(跟得上班上跟得上班上的其他同学的其他同学) keeping up with the rest of the class. trouble可以用在句型“have trouble doing sth. ” 做某事有困难“中，这时，trouble可以用difficulty来代替。
When I __________________(发现他骗我发现他骗我) I stopped buying thins there and started dealing with another shop.caught /found him cheating me find/catch+宾语+宾补,如I found him standing by the river.Your losses in trade this year are nothing _____ (与我相比与我相比). compared with mine pHis remarks left me ____________________________( 想知道他的真实目的 ). p wondering about his real purpose p leave sb doing 让继续处于某种状态;leave sb to do sth 让某人干某事 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译K. 虚拟语气虚拟语气If you had_____________________ ( 听从了听从了我的劝告，你就不会陷入麻烦我的劝告，你就不会陷入麻烦) followed my advice, you would not be in trouble now. 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法引导的条件句中的用法I suggested he ____________________ (使使自己适应自己适应) his new conditions. should adapt himself to 要用虚拟语气的相关动词如：insist，demand，order，ask，advise等。
五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译L.状语从句状语从句The little boy next door has been beating his drum for a whole morning, which got on my nerves so much __( 以至于我无法集中注意力学习以至于我无法集中注意力学习 ).that I have no way to concentrate on my studyThe scientist tried to convince us that a tiger would not attack us __( 除非它走投无路除非它走投无路 ).punless it’s corneredp 「超级单词」 「超级单词」unless除非，如果不除非，如果不;corner名词作名词作"角落、角落、绝路绝路"，作为及物动词时表示，作为及物动词时表示"无路可走无路可走".p___(每当天气不好时每当天气不好时), he takes whatever umbrella he can find.pwhenever the weather is bad 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译M.名词性从句名词性从句_______________________ (给我印象最深的给我印象最深的) were her liveliness and sense of humor.What impressed me the most 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译N.独立主格结构。
独立主格结构 (随着时间的流逝随着时间的流逝), they forgot their bitter sufferings. With time flying As time fliesWith the passage of time___________________ (很多朋友不在)， we decided to put the meeting off.With many friends absent 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译O . 时态时态,语态语态By the time you get to New York, I____________(已经动身去已经动身去) London. shall have left for 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译N. 短语短语be entitled toas far as sb. is concernedprefer to do rather than doobject tolet aloneturn a blind eye toturn to … for helpplay a part/role in adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于使自己适应或习惯于 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译lose contact with/lose touch with vary …… from …… to 各不相同 be used to+doing/noun be devoted to at the cost of(以……为代价)，其含义和用法与at the expense of相同。
另at all costs意为"不惜一切代价". “attribute……to”，“把……归因于……”是大学英语四级考查率极高的一个语言点let……down(使……失望) 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译take…… into account=take…… into consideration 把把……考虑在内考虑在内"the more……, the more……"句型常表示句型常表示"越越……就越就越……", cannot……+enough"句型中该句型形式上是否定句型，实际上表达的是肯定意义，意思是"再……也不过分;越……越……“There is no doubt that despite =in spite ofregardlesswhethe… or… pThe substance does not dissolve in water _____ (不管是否加热).pwhether (it is) heated or not 五、五、 某些特殊句型、结构的翻译某些特殊句型、结构的翻译attribute …to …put off=postponecall off=cancel would rather… than…rather than… =instead ofhave access totake the risk (of) impose tax on resort to force but for pbe aware of papprove of pkeep an eye onpat intervals pmany as wellpnot so much…as和not so much as pNothing is more…than"和"Nothing is so …as"结构 p"cannot…too…"结构,"cannot…too…"意为"It is impossible to overdo…"或者，即"无论怎样……也不算过分"。
"not"可换用"hardly"，"scarcely"等，"too"可换用"enough"，"sufficient"等 pnone other than 意为不是别人正是表惊讶）peg:The winner of the speech was none other than Tom who doesn‘t talk much in daily life.no other than意为正是或只有peg:It is no other than my mother.p Nothing but 只有pNothing but a miracle can save her life. 只有奇迹才能挽救她的生命panything but点也不，决不是 六、实战练习六、实战练习u以下是样题所提供的以下是样题所提供的5个翻译句子，我们根据其内容来推个翻译句子，我们根据其内容来推测可能考查的知识点：测可能考查的知识点： （ （87））.The substance does not dissolve in water _______________(不管是否加热不管是否加热)本句意为：不管是否加热，这种物质都不会溶解于水。
本句意为：不管是否加热，这种物质都不会溶解于水u前半句所给的信息并不重要，考生凭四级词汇知识可以前半句所给的信息并不重要，考生凭四级词汇知识可以理解理解substance(物质物质)和和dissolve(溶解溶解)两个单词的两个单词的意义考虑提示部分的汉语，意义考虑提示部分的汉语， “不管不管…是否是否…”即即“whether… or …”，很容易找到这个对应结构关键，很容易找到这个对应结构关键点在于对点在于对“加热加热”的理解，是主动还是被动处理，从上的理解，是主动还是被动处理，从上下文意义推断出是下文意义推断出是 water被加热，所以我们采用被动方被加热，所以我们采用被动方式，即式，即whether (it is) heated or not，填入部分，填入部分作让步状语从句，作让步状语从句，it is可以被省略可以被省略 六、实战练习六、实战练习u考查重点：考查重点：从句知识：尤其让步状语从句，注意复习从句知识：尤其让步状语从句，注意复习whether… or…, though, no matter how, as等表达的用法等表达的用法分词用法：注意辨别现在分词和过去分词，同时分词用法：注意辨别现在分词和过去分词，同时考虑动词被动语态的运用。
考虑动词被动语态的运用 六、实战练习六、实战练习u88））.Not only __ (他向我收费过高他向我收费过高)，，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.本句意为：他不但向我收费过高，而且东西修理得不怎么本句意为：他不但向我收费过高，而且东西修理得不怎么样u本句中要考虑两个层面，首先是动词本句中要考虑两个层面，首先是动词“收费收费”的对应词，的对应词，应当是应当是“charge”过高过高”则往往使用则往往使用too high或或too much, 由于主体内容是金钱而不是温度，我们用经由于主体内容是金钱而不是温度，我们用经常搭配的常搭配的“much”更加巧妙的用词是更加巧妙的用词是“overcharge”，，恰好可以把意思归并到一起还要考虑的是本句中恰好可以把意思归并到一起还要考虑的是本句中 “not only…but…”结构中出现了否定词前置到句首的现象，结构中出现了否定词前置到句首的现象，自然是倒装句的标志结合后半句的一般过去时形式，我自然是倒装句的标志结合后半句的一般过去时形式，我们不得不把助动词们不得不把助动词did提炼出来，按照倒装结构翻译成提炼出来，按照倒装结构翻译成“Not only did he charge me too much”或者或者 “Not only did he overcharge me”。
六、实战练习六、实战练习u考查重点：考查重点：倒装句结构中的否定词前置现象类似的知识点还倒装句结构中的否定词前置现象类似的知识点还要注意要注意Never/Neither/Hardly/Scarcely等等否定词在句首的倒装情况否定词在句首的倒装情况 六、实战练习六、实战练习u（（89））. Your losses in trade this year are nothing __________________(与我与我的相比的相比)本句意为本句意为“你在生意中的损失与我的相比不值一题你在生意中的损失与我的相比不值一题u翻译时有两个知识点容易出错，首先，翻译时有两个知识点容易出错，首先，“与与…相比相比”考查词组知识，四级程度同学应当掌握考查词组知识，四级程度同学应当掌握“compared with”或者或者 “in comparison with”, 但常有考生把但常有考生把 “compare with”与与“compare to”(把把…比做比做)混淆，或者没有考虑过混淆，或者没有考虑过去分词形式此外，去分词形式此外，“我的我的”应当使用物主代词所应当使用物主代词所有格有格“mine”，此处不宜写成，此处不宜写成“my losses”。
六、实战练习六、实战练习u考查重点：考查重点：词组知识：需要考生把握大批类似词组知识：需要考生把握大批类似compare with以及名词形式以及名词形式in comparison with的词组的词组或短语，其中固定搭配需要使用的介词／副词非常或短语，其中固定搭配需要使用的介词／副词非常重要分词形式：在句子中做修饰成分与前者构成主动被分词形式：在句子中做修饰成分与前者构成主动被动关系至关重要动关系至关重要 六、实战练习六、实战练习u（（90））. On average, it is said, visitors spend only _____________________(一半的钱一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London.本句意为：据说，游客平均一天在利兹花掉的钱只有在伦本句意为：据说，游客平均一天在利兹花掉的钱只有在伦敦的一半那么多敦的一半那么多u显然本句在拿显然本句在拿as…as…结构做文章因为是比较关系，结构做文章因为是比较关系，把在把在Leeds和在和在London的费用做比较，所以后半句有的费用做比较，所以后半句有明确的明确的“as”一词。
空缺部分是要有一词空缺部分是要有 “as”,还要有还要有 “half”和和“money”关键是次序如何调理根据比较关键是次序如何调理根据比较结构中的倍数原则，倍数数字放在最开始，接下去有关于结构中的倍数原则，倍数数字放在最开始，接下去有关于量的量的 as much + n. + as, 因此本句要填入因此本句要填入 “half as much money” 六、实战练习六、实战练习u考查重点：比较结构：本句考查同级比较中的倍数考查重点：比较结构：本句考查同级比较中的倍数关系，类似表达还有关系，类似表达还有twice as much (many) as… 六、实战练习六、实战练习u（（91））. By contrast, American mothers were more likely__________________ (把孩子的成功归因于把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent. 本句意为：相比较，美国的母亲们更可能把孩 本句意为：相比较，美国的母亲们更可能把孩子的成功归因于天赋子的成功归因于天赋u 本句再次在词组方面进行考查，本句再次在词组方面进行考查，“把把…归因于归因于…”是大学英语四级考查率极高的一个语言点，有时表是大学英语四级考查率极高的一个语言点，有时表达因果关系最复杂的动词词组。
应当熟练把握达因果关系最复杂的动词词组应当熟练把握 “attribute…to…”的拼写和用法此外，不要的拼写和用法此外，不要忽略另外一个词的用法忽略另外一个词的用法,“be likely to …”表示表示“容易容易”、、“可能可能”等意义，稍不小心就会把等意义，稍不小心就会把to漏掉总之，需要填入的部分拼贴在一起就是总之，需要填入的部分拼贴在一起就是“to attribute their children’s success to” 六、实战练习六、实战练习u考查重点：动词词组，表示因果关系的考查重点：动词词组，表示因果关系的attribute… to…需要熟练掌握用法的还有需要熟练掌握用法的还有lead to, result in, result from, be to blame for, be responsible for另外，还要另外，还要学会使用拼写类似的词组学会使用拼写类似的词组 contribute to，表示，表示“有助于，对有助于，对…做出贡献做出贡献” 六、实战练习六、实战练习u特别提示：特别提示：仔细研究以上样题的考点，不难发现仔细研究以上样题的考点，不难发现新四级虽然放弃了专门的词汇语法结构题型，翻新四级虽然放弃了专门的词汇语法结构题型，翻译部分仍就译部分仍就重点考查了各类词组语法（倒装句、重点考查了各类词组语法（倒装句、虚拟语气、分词、从句、词组）的知识虚拟语气、分词、从句、词组）的知识，而且全，而且全是原来四级题目中的重点。
准备新四级千万不要是原来四级题目中的重点准备新四级千万不要与以往的知识割裂，我们所说的与以往的知识割裂，我们所说的“万变不离其宗万变不离其宗”就是这个道理，熟练掌握就是这个道理，熟练掌握四级大纲规定的词汇、四级大纲规定的词汇、词组、语法知识词组、语法知识，并且活学活用，才不会被千变，并且活学活用，才不会被千变万化的题型吓倒万化的题型吓倒 七、翻译练习安排七、翻译练习安排u 1). 时间以每天时间以每天30分钟为宜分钟为宜 2). 借用借用英英字典英英字典养成良好的养成良好的英文思维习惯英文思维习惯 3). 坚持每天练习：坚持每天练习：3-5分钟做翻译分钟做翻译(卡表做卡表做)，，8-12分钟调整译文，结合词典、语法书对照答案分钟调整译文，结合词典、语法书对照答案 4). 可以每天做阅读中的难句一句可以每天做阅读中的难句一句 Ex.Ex.Translate the following sentences into English.Translate the following sentences into English.1. 1. 要要要要是是是是他他他他适适适适合合合合当当当当校校校校长长长长，，，，那那那那么么么么哪哪哪哪个个个个学学学学生生生生都都都都可可可可以以以以当当当当。
no no more…thanmore…than））））no more…thanno more…thanHe He is is no no more more fit fit to to be be a a headmasterheadmaster than than any any schoolboy schoolboy would be.would be. 2. 2. 至至至至于于于于她她她她的的的的父父父父亲亲亲亲，，，，她她她她不不不不敢敢敢敢肯肯肯肯定定定定是是是是否否否否会会会会接接接接收收收收她她她她和和和和她她她她的的的的小小小小孩孩孩孩as (as for)for)as foras fornot sure whethernot sure whetherAs As for for her her father, father, she she is is not not sure sure whether whether he he will will accept accept her and her baby.her and her baby. undermineunderminewhilewhileStaying Staying up up latelate will will undermine undermine one’s one’s health health while while going going to to bed early and getting up earlybed early and getting up early will benefit it. will benefit it.3. 3. 晚睡会损害健康而早睡早起有益于健康。
晚睡会损害健康而早睡早起有益于健康晚睡会损害健康而早睡早起有益于健康晚睡会损害健康而早睡早起有益于健康undermine)(undermine) conveyconveyThe The ambassador ambassador personally personally conveyed conveyed the the president’s president’s message to the premier. message to the premier. 4. 4. 大使亲自向总理转达了总统的问候大使亲自向总理转达了总统的问候大使亲自向总理转达了总统的问候大使亲自向总理转达了总统的问候convey)(convey)personallypersonally 5. 5. 这这这这个个个个女女女女孩孩孩孩决决决决定定定定敞敞敞敞开开开开心心心心扉扉扉扉，，，，把把把把她她她她看看看看见见见见的的的的一一一一切切切切都都都都告告告告诉诉诉诉警警警警方方方方open up)(open up)open upopen upwhat she had what she had seenseenThe The girl girl decided decided to to open open up up and and tell tell the the police police what what she she had seen.had seen. 6. 6. 过过过过量量量量的的的的运运运运动动动动对对对对身身身身体体体体健健健健康康康康弊弊弊弊多多多多利利利利少少少少，，，，所所所所以以以以我我我我们们们们必必必必须须须须控控控控制制制制运运运运动动动动量。
量do more harm than good)(do more harm than good) P.47P.47excessiveexcessivedo more harm do more harm than goodthan goodExcessive Excessive exercises exercises does does more more harm harm than than good good to to one’s one’s health. health. Therefore Therefore we we must must control control the the amount amount of of exercise exercise we do.we do. 7. 7. 他他他他几几几几次次次次试试试试图图图图加加加加入入入入他他他他们们们们的的的的谈谈谈谈话话话话，，，，但但但但都都都都由由由由于于于于胆胆胆胆小小小小而而而而放放放放弃弃弃弃了了了了make a few attempts to)(make a few attempts to)make a few make a few attempts toattempts toHe He made made a a few few attempts attempts to to join join in in their their conversation, conversation, but but he gave up out of timidness.he gave up out of timidness.timidnesstimidness 8. 8. 就方便快捷而言，火车无法与飞机竞争。
就方便快捷而言，火车无法与飞机竞争就方便快捷而言，火车无法与飞机竞争就方便快捷而言，火车无法与飞机竞争in terms of)(in terms of)in terms ofin terms ofTrains Trains cannot cannot compete compete with with planes planes in in terms terms of of convenience and speed.convenience and speed. 9. 9. 就就就就中中中中美美美美文文文文化化化化作作作作一一一一对对对对比比比比会会会会有有有有助助助助于于于于你你你你尽尽尽尽快快快快明明明明白白白白和和和和适适适适应应应应在在在在美美美美国国国国的的的的学习环境学习环境学习环境学习环境a comparison of)(a comparison of)a comparison ofa comparison ofadapt toadapt toMaking Making a a comparison comparison between between Chinese Chinese and and American American cultures cultures will will help help you you to to better better understand understand and and adapt adapt to to your study environment in the USA.your study environment in the USA. 10.10. 在在在在公公公公共共共共汽汽汽汽车车车车上上上上年年年年轻轻轻轻人人人人给给给给老老老老弱弱弱弱病病病病残残残残让让让让座座座座是是是是中中中中国国国国人人人人的的的的传传传传统统统统美美美美德德德德。
yield)(yield)yield their seats toyield their seats toIt It is is a a traditional traditional Chinese Chinese virtue virtue for for the the young young on on buses buses to to yield yield their their seats seats to to the the old, old, the the weak, weak, the the sick sick and and the the disabled.disabled. 11.11.11.11.她她她她将将将将她她她她的的的的少少少少年年年年时时时时代代代代描描描描绘绘绘绘成成成成一一一一个个个个幻幻幻幻想想想想和和和和发发发发现现现现的的的的时时时时期期期期portray … as)(portray … as) P.126wonder and discoverywonder and discoveryShe She portrayed portrayed her her childhood childhood as as a a time time of of wonder wonder and and discovery.discovery. 12.12. 试试验验表表明明，，不不抽抽烟烟的的人人比比抽抽烟烟的的人人在在工工作作中中犯犯的的错错误误要要少少。
fewer … than) Experiments showcommittedExperiments Experiments showed showed that that non-smokers non-smokers committed committed fewer fewer errors than smokers.errors than smokers. 13.13.球球迷迷经经常常受受到到人人们们的的重重视视，，不不是是因因为为他他们们自自身身的的成成功功，，而而是是因为他们支持的球队获得胜利因为他们支持的球队获得胜利not … but））be highly regardedFootball Football fans fans are are often often highly highly regarded regarded notnot for for their their own own achievement, achievement, butbut through through their their connection connection to to a a team team that that wins.wins. 14.14.尽尽管管演演技技高高超超，，这这部部长长达达3 3个个小小时时的的电电影影还还是是未未能能抓抓住住我我们们的注意力。
的注意力despite)wonderful actinghold our attentionhold our attentionDespite Despite the the wonderful wonderful acting, acting, the the three-hour three-hour movie movie could could not not hold our attention.hold our attention. 15.15.王教授是我唯一指望能救我儿子的大夫．（王教授是我唯一指望能救我儿子的大夫．（rely on））Professor Professor Wang Wang is is the the only only doctor doctor I I can can rely rely on on to to save save my my son.son. 16.16.我们认为你的建议不恰当，应该放弃我们认为你的建议不恰当，应该放弃in place) P.132give it up We don’t think your proposal quite in place, so you should give it up. 17.17.他到家时，发现家里只有一些老人和病人。
他到家时，发现家里只有一些老人和病人nothing but)the aged and the sick When he arrived, he found nothing but the aged and the sick at home. 18.18.就就这这台台发发动动机机的的状状况况而而言言，，它它即即使使能能发发动动也也是是奇奇迹迹了了given)start Given the condition of the engine, it is a wonder that it even starts. 19.19.从从就就业业来来说说，，旅旅馆馆业业是是这这个个国国家家的的第第二二大大产产业业in terms of)employmentindustry In terms of employment, the hotel industry is the second largest industry in this country. 20.20.这这个个国国家家里里, ,不不管管肤肤色色如如何何，，每每一一个个人人都都有有权权住住在在他他想想住住的的地方regardless of)the color of his skin Everyone in this country has the right to live where he wants to, regardless of the color of his skin. 21.21.21.21.虽虽虽虽然然然然他他他他说说说说他他他他为为为为此此此此事事事事做做做做了了了了很很很很多多多多努努努努力力力力，，，，但但但但是是是是他他他他的的的的成成成成功功功功至至至至少少少少部部部部分分分分是是是是由于他运气好。
由于他运气好由于他运气好由于他运气好in part(in part））））P.151P.151the casethe casedue todue toAlthough he said he had done a lot for the case, his success Although he said he had done a lot for the case, his success was at least in part due to luck.was at least in part due to luck. 22.22.将将要要讨讨论论的的议议题题非非常常关关键键，，因因为为它它将将决决定定很很多多人人的的未未来来issue)criticalcriticaldeterminedetermine The issue to be discussed is critical, because it will determine The issue to be discussed is critical, because it will determine the future of many people.the future of many people. 23.23.我将尽量避免将我的观点强加于别人。
我将尽量避免将我的观点强加于别人impose … on)try my best to avoidtry my best to avoidI’ll try my best to avoid imposing my ideas on others.I’ll try my best to avoid imposing my ideas on others. 24.24.在在那那种种情情况况下下，，很很少少有有人人能能够够正正视视自自己己性性格格上上的的缺缺点点rarely, face up to) the defects in their the defects in their own charactersown charactersin such a situationin such a situation Rarely can people face up to the defects in their own Rarely can people face up to the defects in their own characters in such a situation.characters in such a situation. 25.25.大学生活大学生活被称为被称为人的一生中最美丽的阶段。
人的一生中最美丽的阶段 refer to… as)College life is referred to as the most beautiful period of one’s life.College life is referred to as the most beautiful period of one’s life. 26.26.总总的的来来讲讲，，他他是是一一个个很很有有学学问问的的人人，，尤尤其其是是在在数数学学领领域域但但当当涉涉及及到到政政治治时时他他就就什什么么也也不不知知道道了了when it comes to…) P.157Generally speakingespecially in the field of mathematic scienceGenerally speaking he is quite learned, especially in the field of mathematic science. However, when it comes to the politics, he knows nothing. 27.27. 从从他他们们对对10001000名名没没上上过过大大学学的的工工人人进进行行的的调调查查结结果果来来看看，，高考的失利对他们的生活有着很深远的影响。
高考的失利对他们的生活有着很深远的影响profound)According to the surveyhad a profound effect onAccording to the survey they made of the 1000 workers who missed out on the chance to go to university, the failure in the college entrance examinations had a profound effect on their later life.， 28.28.由由于于成成本本的的提提高高，，雇雇主主们们拒拒绝绝为为雇雇员员支支付付退退休休金金另另一一方方面面，，雇员们也不愿意一辈子待在一家公司雇员们也不愿意一辈子待在一家公司 (on the flip side)Owing to the cost riseOwing to the cost rise, employers refuse to pay the retirement pension for their employees. On the flip side / on the other hand, employees are unwilling to stay in the same company for their whole lives. 29.29.既既然然你你已已经经告告诉诉我我谁谁应应该该对对此此事事负负责责，，我我就就不不再再作作进进一一步步追追查了。
查了pursue) take the responsibility for the matterSince you have told me who should take the responsibility for the matter, I will not pursue any further. 30.30.即即使使是是在在最最忙忙的的季季节节，，我我也也要要每每天天尽尽量量腾腾出出半半小小时时时时间间锻炼身体锻炼身体set aside) even in the busiest season I will try to set aside half an hour each day to do some exercise even in the busiest season. 31.1.1.1.无无无无论论论论我我我我们们们们遇遇遇遇到到到到什什什什么么么么样样样样的的的的困困困困难难难难，，，， 我我我我们们们们都都都都应应应应该该该该想想想想办办办办法法法法克克克克服服服服它它它它overcome) (overcome) P.174P.174No matterNo mattertry our best totry our best toNo No matter matter what what difficulties difficulties we we come come across, across, we we should should try try our our best to overcome them.best to overcome them. 32.2.尊老爱幼是中华民族传统的美德。
尊老爱幼是中华民族传统的美德traditional)Respecting the old and caring for the youngRespecting the old and caring for the youngRespecting Respecting the the old old and and caring caring for for the the young young is is a a traditional traditional Chinese virtue.Chinese virtue. 33.3.今今天天，，各各行行各各业业的的人人都都在在努努力力提提高高自自己己的的知知识识水水平平以以便便跟跟上时代的发展上时代的发展all walks of life)keep pace with the keep pace with the development of our timesdevelopment of our timesacquire acquire more more knowledgeknowledgeToday, Today, people people from from all all walks walks of of life life are are trying trying to to acquire acquire more more knowledge to keep pace with the development of our times.knowledge to keep pace with the development of our times. 34.4.孩子们孩子们特别喜欢特别喜欢卡通片。
卡通片have a fancy for; take a fancy to)Children take a fancy to cartoons.Children take a fancy to cartoons. 35.35.考虑到他们缺乏经验，这工作他们做得不错考虑到他们缺乏经验，这工作他们做得不错given that)be be lacking in lacking in e experience/inexperienced/gxperience/inexperienced/green handreen handGiven that they are lacking in Given that they are lacking in e experience/inexperienced/green xperience/inexperienced/green hand, they have done a good job.hand, they have done a good job. 36.36.不不管管你你是是喜喜欢欢还还是是厌厌恶恶，，你你都都必必须须接接受受这这个个事事实实detest) P.181come to terms with the factWhether you like it or hate / detest it, you must come to terms with ( accept) the fact. 37.37.家家 长长 们们 抱抱 怨怨 孩孩 子子 们们 总总 是是 整整 天天 迷迷 恋恋 于于 电电 视视 节节 目目 。
fascinate））complainParents always complain that their children are fascinated by TV programs all day long. 38.38.在在一一个个全全球球化化的的世世界界里里，，任任何何一一个个国国家家和和地地区区都都不不可可能能置置身身事外，避免外来文化和经济的影响和冲击事外，避免外来文化和经济的影响和冲击escape ）） globalized worldthe impact of foreign culture and economyIn a globalized world, no country or district can escape the impact of foreign culture and economy. 39.39.在你方便时请及早跟我联系在你方便时请及早跟我联系 ( at your earliest convenience)at your earliest convenience Please contact me at your earliest convenience. 40.40.由由于于好好来来坞坞全全球球化化策策略略的的成成功功，，世世界界各各个个角角落落的的人人们们都都可可以以看看到到美美国国电电影影和和影影碟碟，，但但同同时时本本土土的的文文化化也也受受到到美美国国文文化化的的的影响。
的影响suffer from the impact of)Hollywood’s successful strategy of globalizationOwing to Hollywood’s successful strategy of globalization, people in every corner of the world can watch American movies and DVDs, but meanwhile, it is unavoidable for the local culture to suffer from the impact of the American culture. the local culture 41.41. 他他他他无无无无需需需需认认认认真真真真考考考考虑虑虑虑就就就就可可可可轻轻轻轻易易易易击击击击败败败败对对对对手手手手giving giving a a second second thought: rethink / think quicklythought: rethink / think quickly））））P.68P.68giving a second giving a second thoughtthoughtHe He can can beat beat his his opponent opponent easily easily without without giving giving a a second second thought.thought. 42.42. 在在在在根根根根本本本本不不不不懂懂懂懂得得得得驾驾驾驾驶驶驶驶的的的的情情情情况况况况下下下下，，，，他他他他居居居居然然然然把把把把车车车车开开开开上上上上了了了了公公公公路路路路。
用（用（用（用withwith结构）结构）结构）结构）With little or no knowledge ofWith little or no knowledge ofWith With little little or or no no knowledge knowledge of of driving, driving, he he drove drove the the car car onto the road.onto the road. 43.43. 对对对对 这这这这 座座座座 桥桥桥桥 梁梁梁梁 的的的的 施施施施 工工工工 未未未未 经经经经 许许许许 可可可可 进进进进 行行行行 更更更更 改改改改 是是是是 违违违违 法法法法 的的的的 unauthorizedunauthorized））））unauthorizedunauthorizedIt It is is illegal illegal to to make make an an unauthorized unauthorized change change in in the the construction of the bridge.construction of the bridge. 44.44. 我我我我会会会会平平平平静静静静地地地地接接接接受受受受这这这这个个个个事事事事实实实实，，，，因因因因为为为为我我我我知知知知道道道道如如如如果果果果我我我我完完完完不不不不成成成成任任任任务务务务，，，，全队就有可能面临失败。
全队就有可能面临失败全队就有可能面临失败全队就有可能面临失败chancechance））））chances were thatchances were thatI I could could accept accept this this fact fact calmly calmly because because I I knew knew if if I I weren’t weren’t able able to to finish finish the the mission, mission, chances chances were were that that the the team team would be defeated.would be defeated. 45.45. 偏远山区里的孩子们严重缺乏科学文化知识偏远山区里的孩子们严重缺乏科学文化知识偏远山区里的孩子们严重缺乏科学文化知识偏远山区里的孩子们严重缺乏科学文化知识 （（（（lack inlack in））））remote remote mountain areasmountain areaslack inlack inChildren Children in in remote remote mountain mountain areas areas are are lacking lacking in in scientific and cultural knowledge. scientific and cultural knowledge. 46.46. 在在在在董董董董事事事事会会会会议议议议上上上上他他他他建建建建议议议议把把把把这这这这项项项项轻轻轻轻松松松松的的的的工工工工作作作作留留留留给给给给身身身身体体体体不不不不好好好好的的的的玛玛玛玛丽来做。
丽来做leave to)(leave to) P.90P.90leave toleave toHe suggested at the board meeting that the easy task (should) be left to Mary whose health is poor. 47.47. 目目目目前前前前正正正正在在在在香香香香港港港港的的的的布布布布朗朗朗朗先先先先生生生生很很很很有有有有教教教教学学学学经经经经验验验验，，，，他他他他将将将将在在在在春春春春天天天天来来来来我我我我校给学生上课校给学生上课校给学生上课校给学生上课who)(who) who is in Hong who is in Hong Kong nowKong nowMr. Brown, who is in Hong Kong now, has a lot of teaching experience and will come to teach our students in the spring. 48.48. 这这这这家家家家旅旅旅旅馆馆馆馆是是是是我我我我市市市市最最最最好好好好的的的的旅旅旅旅馆馆馆馆，，，，吃吃吃吃的的的的东东东东西西西西很很很很好好好好，，，，服服服服务务务务质质质质量量量量也也也也不错。
不错be true ofbe true of:be applied to):be applied to)This is the best hotel in our city: the food is good and the same is true of the service.the same is true ofthe same is true of 49.49. 为为为为了了了了吸吸吸吸引引引引更更更更多多多多的的的的乘乘乘乘客客客客坐坐坐坐船船船船，，，，船船船船长长长长向向向向所所所所有有有有乘乘乘乘客客客客保保保保证证证证乘乘乘乘船船船船旅旅旅旅游游游游十十十十分安全assure)(assure) In order toIn order toassureassureIn order to attract more passengers, the captain assured all the passengers of the safety of traveling by ship. 50.50. 他他他他花花花花了了了了1515万万万万元元元元买买买买的的的的那那那那辆辆辆辆新新新新车车车车在在在在一一一一次次次次事事事事故故故故中中中中被被被被严严严严重重重重损损损损坏坏坏坏，，，，已已已已经经经经无法修理了。
无法修理了无法修理了无法修理了which, beyondwhich, beyond）））） seriously damagedseriously damagedbeyond repairbeyond repairHis new car, for which he paid ￥￥150000, was seriously damaged in an accident and was beyond repair. 。