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1、Produced by Zhang Yaling概念概念连词是一种连词是一种虚词虚词, ,它不能独立地担任它不能独立地担任句子成分句子成分, ,只是连接词与词、短语与只是连接词与词、短语与短语以及句子与句子的作用。短语以及句子与句子的作用。英语中连词只要分英语中连词只要分两类两类：并列与从：并列与从属连词。属连词。并并列列连连词词：用用来来连连接接平平行行的的词词、短短语或分句。语或分句。从属连词：用来引导一个从句从属连词：用来引导一个从句。并列连词：并列连词：a.并列关系：并列关系：and，aswellas,eitherornotonlybutalso，bothandneithernor.b
2、.转折关系：转折关系：but，yet，or.c.因果关系因果关系：for，so.d.选择关系：选择关系：or，eitheror.并列连词连接两个分句，构成并列句。并列连词连接两个分句，构成并列句。1.andNowstopblowing,andsoonyouwillfindtheglassclearagain.Tenminutesearlier,andwecouldhavecaughtthelastbus.and 在此表示在此表示条件条件，等于，等于 ifyoustopblowingnow,you.Ifwecameheretenminutesearlier,we2.notonlybutalso/
3、aswellasNotonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenaresick.Themotheraswellasthechildrenissick.不但不但妈妈妈妈而且而且孩子孩子也病了。也病了。不但不但孩子们孩子们而且而且妈妈妈妈也病了。也病了。连接连接主语主语时，时， 强调的方面不同，谓语动词在强调的方面不同，谓语动词在人称、数人称、数上也要调整上也要调整。3.orTheelephantisntlikeawall,oraspear,orasnake,oratree,neitherishelikeafan.在否定句中在否定句中并列并列成分的列举通常用成分的列举通常用or
4、来连接，来连接，不用不用and。从属连词：用来连接各种从句。从属连词：用来连接各种从句。1.主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句连接词有：连接词有：that,if,whether,as连接代词：连接代词：who，whom，whose，whatwhich,whatever,whoever,whichever连接副词：连接副词：when，where，why，how，wherever,whenever从属连词：用来连接各种从句。从属连词：用来连接各种从句。2.状语从句状语从句引导引导时间时间状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：as,when,while,till,notuntil,u
5、ntil,before,since,assoonas,hardly/scarcelywhen,nosooner.than,once,themoment,theminutethat,bythetime引导引导让步让步状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：although,though,evenif,eventhough,nomatter+who(what,when,how,where)或或whoever,whatever,wherever,however等等as,though(要用倒装要用倒装)从属连词：用来连接各种从句。从属连词：用来连接各种从句。2.状语从句状语从句引导引导原因原因状语从句连词有：
6、状语从句连词有：because,asfor,since,nowthat引导引导地点地点状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：where,wherever引导引导目的目的状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：sothat,inorderthat引导引导结果结果状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：sothat,suchthat引导引导方式方式状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：as,asif(though)引导引导比较比较状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：than,as引导引导条件条件状语从句连词有：状语从句连词有：if,unless,so(as)longas,incase,once,asfaras,onconditi
7、onthat从属连词：用来连接各种从句。从属连词：用来连接各种从句。3.定语从句定语从句关系代词：关系代词：who，whom，whose，which，that关系副词：关系副词：when，where，why4.同位语从句同位语从句同上（除同上（除that外）外）区别几组同义词连词区别几组同义词连词:一一.when，while，as“当当时时”*when+持续性持续性V./+终止性终止性V.e.g.HewasdoinghishomeworkwhenIcamein.*while+持续性动作持续性动作，表示，表示“在在时时”;表示对比表示对比“而而”e.g.Strikewhiletheironish
8、ot.Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.*as+延续性动词延续性动词-“当当的时候的时候”;“一边一边一边一边”e.g.ImetherasIwascominghome.(=when)Shesangasshewalkedhome.Ashetalkedonhegotmoreandmoreexcited.二二.because(因为因为)，since（既然）（既然）,as(由于由于),for(因为因为)*“Whydidyoumovethere?”“_myfatherfoundajobthere.”Themanfainted(晕倒晕倒)_hewastiredandhungry.*_
9、itisknowntoall,theearthmovesroundthesun.*_youcantanswerthequestion,perhapswedbetterasksomeoneelse.*Theoldladydoesntgooutinwinter,_shefeelsthecoldagreatdeal.BecausebecauseAsSincefor类别类别作用作用例句例句because表示不知道原因，可放在表示不知道原因，可放在句首句首或或句句末末，句首句首要用要用逗号逗号分开。句末不需分开。句末不需分开。分开。IamleavingbecauseIamfull.for表示不知道的原因
10、，语气最弱，是表示不知道的原因，语气最弱，是可说可不说的话，可说可不说的话，只能放在主句后，只能放在主句后，而且必须与前面的分句分开。而且必须与前面的分句分开。for前前有有“逗号逗号”Itsmorningnow,forthebirdsaresinging.since/ as表示已知原因，表示已知原因，since比比as 正式一点。正式一点。通常放在通常放在主句前主句前。Sinceeverybodyishere,letsstart.下列情况只能用下列情况只能用because1 回答回答why问句时问句时2 用于强调句型中用于强调句型中3 被被 not 否定时否定时三三.sothat“以便，为了
11、以便，为了”(表示目的表示目的)=inorderthatsothat“以致于，结果以致于，结果”(表示结果表示结果)Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.Hegotuplatesothathedidntcatchthefirstbus.Itwasverycold,sothatthewaterinthebowlfroze.Shetookmedicineontimesothatshemightgetwellsoon.“为了为了”“结果结果”“结果结果”“为了为了” sothat；suchthat“如此如此以致于以致于” 他是如此聪明的男孩他是如此聪明的
12、男孩,我们大家都喜欢他我们大家都喜欢他.Heis_acleverboythatallofuslikehim.她被吓坏了她被吓坏了,以致哭了起来以致哭了起来.Shewas_frightenedthatshestartedcrying.这是一个如此美丽的公园，以致人们喜欢在里面玩这是一个如此美丽的公园，以致人们喜欢在里面玩.Itis_beautifulaparkthatpeopleenjoyplayinginit.Thereis_muchinkinthebottlethatyoucanuseit.Thereare_manytextsinthebookthatwecantfinishlearning
13、thisterm.suchsosososo小结：小结：such+名词（词组）名词（词组）thatso+形容词形容词/副词副词that六六.if,whether“是否是否”Sheasked_Itooksugarinmytea.Idontcare_itdoesntrain.=Idontcare_itrainornot._hewillcomeornotisunknown.Theydiscussed_theyshouldhelpher.Weareconsidering_togo.Itisstillaquestion_theywillfinishthetaskintime.ifwhether/ifwhe
14、therWhetherwhetherwhetherwhether七七.whether和和if的区别的区别1.Idontcarewhetherhewillattendmybirthdaypartyornot.Idontcarewhetherornothewillattendmybirthdayparty.2.Ihaventdecidedwhethertoleaveornot.3.WhethertheywillgototheGreatWallisnotknown.和和not连用连用whether可接不定式可接不定式引导主语从句，放在句首时，只能用引导主语从句，放在句首时，只能用whetherwhe
15、ther和和if的区别的区别4.Thequestionwhetherwewilltakepartinthephysicscontesthasnotbeendecided.Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishthetaskontime.5.Itdependsonwhetheryouwanttodoitornot.引导同位语从句、表语从句，通常用引导同位语从句、表语从句，通常用whetherwhether可做介词的宾语从句的连接词可做介词的宾语从句的连接词Practice:1. Hurry up, _ youll be late.2. Study hard, _ youl
16、l make progress.3. I had tried hard, _ I failed.4. I was going to jump into the river _ the guide called out to me.5. She could _ read German _ speak it well.orandbutwhenbothand6. You may _ do it yourself _ leave it to me.7. I cant swim, _ can my sister.8. It must be raining, _ it is so dark outside
17、.9. The problem was very hard, _, we worked it out in the end.eitherorneitherforotherwise10. She had much difficulty in studying English, _we should give her more help.11. We have studied English for only a year, _ we can already act plays in English12._ he _ I am from the north.13. You can _ stay a
18、t school _Come to spend the holiday with us.sobutNotonlybutalsoeitheror14. I dont know him, _ do I know where he comes from.15. He was very tired, _ he kept on working.16. You may watch TV, _ only for half an hour or so.17. Come _ today _ tomorrow.18. I was ill, and _ could not come.noryetbuteithero
19、rthereforeas引导让步，要用倒装引导让步，要用倒装Childasheis,heknowsalot.MuchasIlikeit,Iwontbuy.Tryashewould,hecouldntlifttheheavybox.A. when/When B. while/WhileA. when/When B. while/WhileC. as/AsC. as/As1._ he comes tomorrow, I shall ask him where he has been.2._ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully.3._ they
20、 picked tea, the girls sang happily.4. Have a good look at that man _ you pass him.5. It was already eight oclock _ we got home.6. _ coal is burned, the chemical energy is turned into heat energy.7. He learned to speak German _ he was in Berlin.8. Henry is in charge of the office_ Mr.Smith is away.9. I was going out _a visitor came.10. Some people respect him _others are afraid of him.ABCCAABAA/BB
