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1、考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关 必考话题12周围的环境()写 作 必 备基础词汇1exhibition n 展览2community n. 社区3facility n. 设施4action n. 行为5existence n 生存6desire n. 渴望7harmony n. 和谐8environment n. 环境考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关9pour v. 倾倒10be reluctant to 不情愿11private cars 私家车12ecological balance 生态平衡13save e
2、nergy 节约能源考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关提分句型1My hometown，located on the East Sea，has a history of more than 300 years and a population of 200,000.我的家乡坐落在东海之滨，有着300多年的历史，20万人口。2It is necessary for us to protect our environment.对我们来说，保护环境是必要的。3Some people pay no attention to the environment that they live i
3、n.有些人对于他们居往的环境毫不在意。4It is our obligation to keep our environment clean.保持环境整洁是我们的职责。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关5Its important to recycle the things that can be recyclable.回收利用可再循环的东西是很重要的。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关 美 文 赏 析素材示例Directions：Write an English composition about 150 words according to the instru
4、ctions given in Chinese.上海博物馆拟举办一次名画展，现就展出场所(博物馆还是社区图书馆)征集公众意见，假设你是王敏，给上海博物馆写一封信表达你的想法。你的信必须满足以下要求：(1)简述你写信的目的及你对场所的选择；(2)说明你的理由(从便利性、专业性等方面对这两个场所进行对比)。_ 考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关Dear sir/madam，Recently I have heard the news that an art exhibition will be held and you are collecting suggestions about
5、 where to hold it.I am writing to share mine with you.Personally speaking，it is better to hold the art exhibition in Shanghai Museum than in community libraries.My reasons are as follows.First of all，Shanghai Museum，located in the center of the city，will be more convenient for people to get there.In
6、 addition，the museum has more space and can supply a more comfortable place for visitors to appreciate art.佳作播报佳作播报考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关Most importantly，Shanghai Museum is more professional and experienced in holding art exhibitions.It can provide more professional and advanced facilities which c
7、an help keep the exhibition running better.Thus，I strongly recommend that it be held in the museum.Yours，Wang Min考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关1located in the center of the city是过去分词短语作后置定语。模拟Tsinghua University，founded in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.建于1911年的清华大学是无数杰出人物的摇篮。 2in a
8、ddition另外，此外，用作插入语。模拟The house is far from the school where our son is studying；in addition，it is a little expensive.房子离我们儿子上学的学校有点远，另外价格也有点高。 考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关3keep.doing.使处于某种状态模拟To keep warm they kept the fire burning all the night.为了保暖他们让火燃烧了一整夜。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关.核心单词1_(adj.)自信的，肯定
9、的_(adv.)自信地_(n.)信心，信任2_(n.)缺点，不利因素，障碍_(n.)优点；有利条件3_(n.)现实，事实_(adj.)真的；真正的，真实的_(adv.)事实上，真正地_(vt.)知道；认识到；实现考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关4_(vt.)伤害，损害_(adj.)受伤的_(n.)伤害5_(n.)操作人员_(vt.)操作，使用(vi.)运行；做手术_(n.)运转，运作；经营；手术6_(n.)编辑_(vt.)编辑_(n.)编辑7_(adj.)安全的；有把握的；稳固的，坚固的(vt.)获得；使安全_(n.)安全8_(vt.)使惊奇，使惊诧_(adj.)令人惊奇的_(
10、adj.)惊奇的，吃惊的考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关9_(adj.)社交的，交际的；社会的_(n.)社会10_(adj.)有残疾的；丧失能力的_(vt.)使伤残_(n.)残疾11_(n.)方便，便利；便利的设施或用具_(adj.)方便的12_(n.)印象，感想_(adj.)印象深刻的_(v.)给以深刻印象；使铭记13_(vt.)控告，控诉；谴责_(n.)控告14_(adj.)最重要的，首要的，主要的(n.)(公司或机构的)首领15_(vt.)聘用，雇用；租用；租借考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关答案1.confident；confidently；confid
11、ence2.disadvantage；advantage3.reality；real；really；realize4.injure；injured；injury5.operator；operate；operation6.editor；edit；edition7.secure；security8.amaze；amazing；amazed9.social；society10.disabled；disable；disability11convenience；convenient12.impression；impressive；impress13.accuse；accusation14.chief15
12、.hire考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关 词不离句，句不离段 The disabled employee accused the chief of the company. What amazed me most was his real experience. He was hired 3 years ago and nobody was tired of him.考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关.重点短语1add to_2give out_3with the aid of._4mak a profit_5last but not least_6concen
13、trate on_7desire for_8提出(观点，议案)_ 考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关9事实上_10以失败告终_11控告某人某事_12从跌落；掉下_13关闭，停业_14至于，关于_答案1.增加，增添2.发出(气味等)；精疲力竭3在帮助下4.获利；赚钱5.最后但同样重要的6集中精力于7.渴望8.put forward9.in reality10.end in failure11.accuse.of.12.fall off13.close down14.as to考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关 小试身手，聚焦短语When it comes to the
14、 solution to this problem，many students put forward some good suggestions.The bad weather added to more difficulties in rescuing the drowning girl.If the firms fail to make enough money，they will close down soon.As to the air pollution，I think the chemical factories are to blame.Last but not least，I
15、 want to thank my dearest English teacher，Miss Li. 考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关.经典句式1not only.but also.Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma，but the user will also experience the cold，smells，sights and sounds of the surrounding environment.使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境
16、的寒冷、气味、景观和声音仿写进餐愉快不仅让人心情愉悦，而且还有助于消化。Not only _，but also they aid digestion.考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关2过去分词作状语This kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical，compared with the way most urban planning is done today.长远来看，与现代大多数的城市规划方式相比，这种城市规划方式更经济、更实用。仿写与发达国家相比，我们仍差距很大。_，we st
17、ill have a long way to go.考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关3while引导让步状语从句While we are very interested in RealCine，we will need much more information before we can make a decision.尽管我们对RealCine非常感兴趣，但是在做出决定之前我们还需更多的信息。仿写虽然我承认他并不完美，但我确实喜欢这个人。_，I do actually like the person.考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关4动词宾语宾语补足语He
18、managed to keep fruit and vegetables fresh for three weeks using only two clay pots and some wet sand.只用了两个陶土罐和一些湿沙子他就将水果和蔬菜保鲜达三个星期。仿写“天宫一号”的发射使中国人的太空梦想进一步接近现实。(make宾语宾语补足语)The launch of Tiangong _.考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关5Its (high/about)time(that)sb did sth“到某人做某事的时候了”In my opinion，it is about tim
19、e we had new computers.在我看来，我们应该有新的电脑了。仿写该是我们注意英语书写的时候了。Its time that we _ our English writing.答案1.are pleasant mealtimes enjoyable2.Compared with the developed cou ntries3.While I accept that he is not perfect4.made the Chinas space dream closer to reality5.paid attention to考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关
20、.必背语法被动语态1Rainforests_and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.Acut Bare cutCare being cut Dhad been cut2The missing boys were last seen_near the river.Aplaying Bto be playingCplay Dto play考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关3_in the regulations that you should not t
21、ell other people the password of your email account.AWhat is required BWhat requiresCIt is required DIt requires4Do you like the material?Yes，it _very soft.Ais feeling BfeltCfeels Dis felt考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关5No one_be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.Acan BneedCmust D.might答案1.C2.A3
22、.C4.C5.A考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关 词 汇 精 解amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊诧(教材原句)The RealCine experience will amaze you，and you will agree that this is an extraordinary technology that deserves to be developed further.RealCine的体验会让你惊叹，并且认同这是一种值得进一步发展的特别技术。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关(2013辽宁卷阅读理解C)T
23、o the amazement of these scientists，they discovered that blood passing through the brain，when it is active，shows no fatigue at all!让这些科学家惊讶的是，流过大脑的血液，在它活跃的时候，一点也不显出疲惫。We were amazed to learn that she had left the hospital $18 million.听说她把18 000 000美元留给了医院，我们感到很惊讶。To my amazement，he actually refused
24、to help me.让我惊讶的是他实际上拒绝帮助我。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关_ their parents _ at the _ news that their last CD sold over two million copies.答案To their amazement；were amazed；amazing考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关【拓展延伸】 一些抽象名词可用于“to ones抽象名词”结构中，例如：delight，surprise，satisfaction，astonishment，disappointment，joy，sorrow，
25、anger等。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关形象识记考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关injure vt.伤害，损害(教材原句)For example，firefighters could use RealCine to train safely，without the risk of getting injured in a burning building.例如，消防队员可以通过RealCine来安全地训练，而不用冒着在燃烧的建筑物中受伤的危险(来训练)。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关(2013湖北卷完成句子)Most believe he
26、 could have played for England last week, but for a serious injury which put him out of football.多数人认为，要不是受了重伤而告别足球，上周他本会为英格兰踢球的。Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.三分之二的市民在地震中伤亡。His words at the meeting yesterday injured my pride.昨天他在会议上的话伤害了我的自尊心。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关词语
27、辨析injure/harm/wound/hurtinjure多指意外事故中的多指意外事故中的“伤害伤害”harm也表示受伤害，但更多用于也表示受伤害，但更多用于“受损失受损失”wound伤害，多指在战斗中用刀、枪等伤害，多指在战斗中用刀、枪等“伤害伤害”，程度较重，程度较重hurt可指对肉体和心灵的可指对肉体和心灵的“伤害伤害”考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关选词填空injure，wound，harm，hurtThe bullet _ his right arm in the war.Hurry up！Getting up early wont _ you.My feeling
28、s were _ after I heard your comments on me.Several children were _ in the big fire.答案woundedharmhurtinjured考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关关键一点“injure”一词常用于被动语态，并常由seriously，slightly，badly，severely等表程度的词修饰。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关形象识记考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关accuse vt.控诉，控告；谴责(教材原句)Music industry accuses Fan
29、ning of piracy.音乐产业指控Fanning盗版。I dont think anyone can accuse me of not being frank. 我想任何人都不能指责我不坦率。However，Germans are sometimes accused of not having a sense of humour. 然而，德国人有时受人诟病，被指缺乏幽默感。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关词语辨析accuse/chargeaccuse作作“指控，控告指控，控告”讲时，常与介词讲时，常与介词of连用，构成连用，构成accuse sb of sthcharg
30、e作作“指控、控告指控、控告”讲时，多与讲时，多与with连用，构成连用，构成charge sb with sth考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关选词填空accuse，chargeWe _ him of immoral conduct toward her.Six days later，the police arrested him and _ him with murder.答案accusedcharged考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关形象识记考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关【拓展延伸】accuse不可以直接带双宾语，而是借助介词of，再接直
31、接宾语。你知道还有哪些单词有类似用法？_ sb of sth通知某人某事_ sb of sth 骗某人某物_ sb of sth 使某人确信某事_ sb of sth 治愈某人的疾病；矫正某人的不良行为_ sb of sth 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关therefore adv.因此，所以(教材原句)Therefore，I am writing to you to express my views.所以，我给你写信陈述我的观点。(2013广东卷读写任务)No matter how ordinary
32、 a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect. 无论一个人工作多么平凡，它也在社会中起到作用， 因此值得我们尊重。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关I think，therefore I am.我思故我在。笛卡尔A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general.每天小睡一会使人的身心更加放松，因此总体而言对身体有益。 考点归纳拓展考点归纳
33、拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关词语辨析therefore/thus/sotherefore副词，用于说明事物的自然结果副词，用于说明事物的自然结果thus副词，是正式用语，表示前面提到的事物所产生的结果，副词，是正式用语，表示前面提到的事物所产生的结果，还可以表示还可以表示“以此方式，这样以此方式，这样”so连词，表示强烈的因果关系连词，表示强烈的因果关系考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关选词填空therefore，thus，soMr Brown knows little about China，_ he cant advise you about it.Mr.Brown know
34、s little about China._，he cant advise you about it.Only _ can we finish the task.答案soThereforethus考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关escape vi.逃跑，逃离；逃脱；vt.避开；避免；被遗忘， 被忽视；n.逃离；逃脱(教材原句)It was too fast for them to escape.它太快了，他们无法逃脱。(1)escape from 逃跑；逃脱；从逃走 escape doing sth 逃避、避开做某事 escape death/punishment 死里逃生/逃
35、脱惩罚(2)make a narrow escape 九死一生，幸免于难 make ones escape 逃跑考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关(2013江苏卷阅读理解D)More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many occurrences of the word nigger.最近这本书由于一个逃跑的奴隶吉姆这个角色和书中出现了许多黑鬼这个词而一直攻击。If he thought he could escape attenti
36、on by sitting at the back，he was wrong.如果他认为坐在后面就能避开别人的注意，那他就错了。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关The hunter tried to escape from the forest，but failed.猎人设法逃出森林，但失败了。You are lucky to escape _.你逃过了惩罚，真走运。答案punishment/being punished点津escape后只能接v.ing作宾语，不能接不定式。 考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关【熟词生义】根据语境选择最佳汉语意思Her name
37、escaped from my memory.A幸免B被遗忘C逃脱The oil escaped from the broken pipe.A泄漏B逃脱C幸免答案BA考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关形象识记考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关add to 使增强，使增加，使扩大(教材原句)To add to the virtual world of RealCine，the headsets even have small openings that give out smells to match the environment.为了增加RealCine的真实感，
38、耳机上还有一些小孔，这些小孔发出气味与环境相协调。add up把加起来，相加；有意义；有道理add up to 合计/累计达到(数字)；表明是add.to. 把加到(进)里add that. 补充说考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关(2013福建卷阅读理解D)Call immediately to add these Silver Eagles to your holdings before its too late.要趁早通过打电话的方式购买银鹰币，增加自己的收藏。The American boy said he was satisfied with his trip，addi
39、ng that he had enjoyed his stay in China.那位美国小伙说他对自己的旅行很满意，又说他在中国过得愉快。Colorful umbrellas add to a lively atmosphere in the summer streets.各色阳伞给夏日街头增添了活泼的气氛。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather _ the helplessness of the crew at sea.Aadded to Bresulted fr
40、omCturned out Dmake up答案A考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关形象识记考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关put forward 提出，提议(教材原句)An argument has been put forward that some users will be disappointed by RealCine because VR is not real.有人提出了这样的看法：“实影”会让某些用户感到失望，因为虚拟现实毕竟不是现实。 考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关 put aside 节省；储蓄；储存；把放在一边put do
41、wn 记下；镇压put off 延期；推迟put out 熄灭；扑灭put through 接通，完成put on 穿上put up with 忍受，容忍考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关(2013新课标单项填空)It may not be a great suggestion. But before a better one is put forward，well make do with it.这可能并不是一个好的建议，但是在提出更好的建议前，我们先勉强采纳它。I tend to accept any idea put forward by experts on TV.我常常
42、容易接受电视上专家们提出的任何观点。You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes.你应该把表拨快十分钟。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关用put的相关短语填空You must _ your pride and apologize to him.The sports meeting will _ due to the bad weather.I can _ the house being untidy，but I hate it if its not clean.答案put asidebe put offput up wit
43、h考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关come across 偶遇，碰见=meet by chance；被理解(教材原句)They came across huge insects and many strange creatures.他们碰到大昆虫和许多奇怪的生物。When reading articles related to science，we often come across dificult or unfamiliar words.读与科技有关的文 章时，我们常常碰到难词和生词。He spoke for a long time，but his meaning didn
44、t come across.他讲了很久，但是没把意思讲明白。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关She _ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.Aturned down Bdealt withCtook after Dcame across答案D考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关关键一点 come across后虽可跟宾语，但不能用于被动语态。【拓展延伸】表示“意外，偶然遇到”的短语还有：happen to meet；chance to meet；
45、meet withmeet sb/sth by chancemeet sb/sth by accidentrun intoknock into考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关 句 式 诠 释(教材原句)Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma，but the user will also experience the cold，smells，sights and sounds of the surrounding environment；he or she will enjoy a
46、feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement upon reaching the top.使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音；到达顶峰时，他们将会享受到一种愉悦感和成就感。本句前面是not only.but(also).“不仅，而且”，连接并列句。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关 (1)not only.but also.连接两个对称的并列成分，既可以连接单词，也可以连接句子。连接两个并列成分时，可以省略also。(2)not only.but also.连接两个分句，并且
47、not only位于句首时，第一个分句要部分倒装。(3)not only.but also.连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致(即就近原则)。 考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关(2013安徽卷书面表达)Not only will I keep from littering and spitting anywhere, I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.我不仅在任何地方不乱丢垃圾和随地吐痰，我也会尽可能地帮助清理路边的垃圾。They speak English
48、not only in class but(also)in the dormitory.他们不仅在课堂上说英语，在宿舍也说。Not only does he speak English correctly，but also he speaks it fluently.他说英语不仅正确，而且流利。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关Not only the students but also the teacher _ (was/were)against the plan.不仅学生们，连老师也反对这个计划。答案was考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关【拓展延伸】 倒装是
49、高考的重要考点，同学们在复习时千万不可忽视，动脑想一想，除not only.but also.句型中，not only置于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序，你还能想起哪些可引起部分倒装的否定词和含有否定意义的短语呢？(1)否定词：never；nor；not；seldom；little；hardly等。(2)否定短语：not until；neither.nor.；no sooner.than； 考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关hardly.when；at no time；in no way；by no means等。Never have I seen such a moving fil
50、m before.我以前从未看过这么感人的电影。Hardly do I think it possible to finish the job before dark.在天黑之前完成这项工作我认为几乎不可能。Not until his mother returned did Tom begin to do his homework.直到他妈妈回来，汤姆才开始做作业。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关(教材原句)In my opinion，it is about time we had new computers.依我看，我们该有新电脑了。Its(about/high)time(t
51、hat) sb did/should do sth是固定句型，意为“(差不多/现在)是某人做某事的时候了”，should在从句中不可省略。It is high time that the government _ measures to stop pollution.考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关现在是政府必须采取措施阻止污染的时候了。由time构成的其他句型：(1)Its time for sth是的时候了(2)Its time for sb to do sth是某人做某事的时候了(3)It/This/That is/was the first/second/.time(that)“这/那是某人第一/二次做某事”，从句要用完成时Hes absorbed in the research that he forgets its time for him to lunch. 他专心于研究，以至于他忘记是吃午餐的时候了。考点归纳拓展考点归纳拓展基础知识通关基础知识通关It is the first time that _you a lesson.这是我第一次给你们上课。答案should takeI have given
