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1、定语、状语、补语定语、状语、补语定语定语n用来修饰名词或代词,可分为前置定用来修饰名词或代词,可分为前置定语和后置定语。一般由形容词、形容语和后置定语。一般由形容词、形容词性物主代词(词性物主代词(my、his、your、her等)、数词、介词短语、不定式短语、等)、数词、介词短语、不定式短语、分词或句子充当。分词或句子充当。2形容词作定语形容词作定语The black bike is mine.那辆黑色的自行车是我的。那辆黑色的自行车是我的。She is a beautiful girl.她是一位漂亮的姑娘。她是一位漂亮的姑娘。The tall boy is Jimmy.那个高个的男生是那个
2、高个的男生是Jimmy.3形容词性物主代词作定语形容词性物主代词作定语Whats your name,please?请问你叫什么名字?请问你叫什么名字?Whose picture is it?这是谁的画?这是谁的画? This is my bag.这是我的包。这是我的包。4数词作定语数词作定语We have four lessons in the morning.我们上午上四节课。我们上午上四节课。Hainan is the second largest island of China.海南是中国第二大海岛。海南是中国第二大海岛。There are four apples on the tab
3、le.桌子上有四个苹果。桌子上有四个苹果。5介词短语作定语介词短语作定语Who is the woman with a baby in her arms?那位抱孩子的女人是谁?那位抱孩子的女人是谁?They stayed at the hotel opposite the station.他们住在车站对面的旅馆。他们住在车站对面的旅馆。The house next to the post office is my home.邮局旁边的那座房子就是我家邮局旁边的那座房子就是我家6不定式短语作定语不定式短语作定语不定式不定式不定式的基本形式:不定式的基本形式:to+动词原形。动词原形。I have
4、 nothing to worry about.我没什么好担忧的。我没什么好担忧的。He gave me some books to read.他给我一些书看。他给我一些书看。注:不定式不能做谓语。注:不定式不能做谓语。7不定式作定语不定式作定语Do you have anything more to say?你还有什么话要说吗?你还有什么话要说吗?There is nothing to worry about.没什么好担心的。没什么好担心的。I have a lot of homework to do.我有很多作业要做。我有很多作业要做。8分词作定语分词作定语Barking dogs sel
5、dom bite.爱叫的狗少咬人。爱叫的狗少咬人。Polluted air is harmful to peoples health.污染的空气对健康有害。污染的空气对健康有害。This is one of the houses built last year.这是去年建造的房子中的一座。这是去年建造的房子中的一座。9句子作定语句子作定语句子作定语即是定语从句句子作定语即是定语从句She has found the necklace that she lost two weeks ago.她找到了两年前丢的项链。她找到了两年前丢的项链。It happened at the time when
6、I left the office.这事就发生在我离开办公室之时。这事就发生在我离开办公室之时。10状语状语n状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等。可作状语的有:方式、程度等。可作状语的有:副词、副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、分词、形容词、词组、复合结构、从句。词组、复合结构、从句。11副词作状语副词作状语Speak politely.说话要有礼貌。说话要有礼貌。It is very nice of you.你真好。你真好。Read loudly.大声读。大声读。1
7、2介词短语作状语介词短语作状语At present about 38% of the Chinese population smoke.目前中国大约有目前中国大约有38%的人吸烟。的人吸烟。To his surprise, she criticized him instead of praising him.使他吃惊的是,她不仅使他吃惊的是,她不仅没有表扬他反而批评了他。没有表扬他反而批评了他。Ill be back in two hours. 我两小时内赶我两小时内赶回来。回来。13不定式作状语不定式作状语To search for gold, many people went to Cal
8、ifornia.为了找黄金,很多人到加利福尼亚去。为了找黄金,很多人到加利福尼亚去。They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet.他们搬起石头砸了自己的脚。他们搬起石头砸了自己的脚。The room is comfortable to live in.这房间住起来舒服。这房间住起来舒服。14分词短语作状语分词短语作状语Working in this way, they greatly cut the cost.用这种方法,他们大大地降低了用这种方法,他们大大地降低了成本。成本。Compared to many women, she i
9、s indeed very fortunate.和很多妇女相比,她的和很多妇女相比,她的确很幸运。确很幸运。15形容词作状语形容词作状语He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.他在风雪中过了他在风雪中过了七天,又冷又饿。七天,又冷又饿。Tired and hungry, he arrived home.他到他到家了,又累又饿。家了,又累又饿。Afraid of the dogs, she entered by the back door.由于怕狗,她从后门进去。由于怕狗,她从后门进去。16此外,词组、复合结构、从句也可
10、作状语此外,词组、复合结构、从句也可作状语如:如: Ill stay here another five months.我将在这里再呆五个月。(词组作状语)我将在这里再呆五个月。(词组作状语) He entered the room, his nose red with cold.他走进房间,鼻子冻得通红。(复合结构)他走进房间,鼻子冻得通红。(复合结构)He asked me to stay where I was.他要我留在原处。(从句作状语)他要我留在原处。(从句作状语)17补语补语补语是一种补足主语和宾语意义的句子补语是一种补足主语和宾语意义的句子成分,补足主语意义的句子成分叫做成分,
11、补足主语意义的句子成分叫做主语补语,补足宾语意义的句子成分主语补语,补足宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补语。叫做宾语补语。可作补语的词语有形可作补语的词语有形容词、名词、不定式、分词、介词短容词、名词、不定式、分词、介词短语等。语等。18名词作补语名词作补语They named the child Jimmy.他们给孩子取名吉米。他们给孩子取名吉米。We call him Mr.Chen.我们叫他陈老师。我们叫他陈老师。The cat is named Kitty.那只小猫名叫那只小猫名叫Kitty.19形容词作补语形容词作补语He was found dead.他被发现死了。他被发现死了。She
12、 boiled the egg hard.她把鸡蛋煮老了。她把鸡蛋煮老了。What you said makes me angry.你的话让我生气了。你的话让我生气了。20不定式作补语不定式作补语He was seen to go upstairs.有人看见他上楼了。有人看见他上楼了。Mary ask me to go with her.玛丽叫我和她一起去。玛丽叫我和她一起去。We believe him to be guilty.我们相信他是有罪的。我们相信他是有罪的。21分词作补语分词作补语He came home quite sad.他回到家时好难过。他回到家时好难过。I found t
13、he book very interesting.我发现那本书很有趣。我发现那本书很有趣。We hear her singing in the garden.我们听到她在花园里唱歌。我们听到她在花园里唱歌。22介词短语作补语介词短语作补语He came home out of humour.他回到家时很不高兴。他回到家时很不高兴。Everything was in good condition.一切都好。一切都好。Miss Liu came into the classroom with a book in hand.刘老师走进教室,手里拿着一本书。刘老师走进教室,手里拿着一本书。23Summary 小结小结24练习练习25指出划线部分的句子成分指出划线部分的句子成分I have a lot of work to do.He was seen to enter the office.Seeing this, some students became angry.(定语)(定语)(补语)(补语)(状语)(状语)2627