专题专题 13 复合句复合句(宾语从句、状宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句语从句、定语从句) 专题专题 1313┃ ┃ 复合句复合句 1 宾语从句┃考点直击 ┃1．宾语从句的引导词及语序(1)that 引导的宾语从句若是that引导陈述句作宾语，that本身没有意义，可以省略如：The radio says (that)it will rain tomorrow. 收音机报道说明天要下雨2)whether 或 if 引导的一般疑问句或选择疑问句作宾语的从句时，从句改用陈述语序if/whether二者均可表示“是否”，但与or连用分别引导两个分句，或用于不定式前、介词后或直接与 or not 连用时，只能用whether如： 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 I don't know whether he will come or not. 我不知道他是否会来It depends on whether the letter arrives in time. 这取决于信是否来得及时3)连接代词which, what, who等或连接副词how, where, why, when等引导的特殊疑问句作宾语的从句时，从句改用陈述语序。
如：Please tell me which you like. 请告诉我你喜欢哪一个May I ask who you will invite to give a talk? 我可以问一下你要邀请谁来做报告吗？ 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 2．宾语从句的时态宾语从句中讲究时态呼应即当主句谓语动词是现在时时，从句使用相对应的现在时；当主句谓语动词是过去时时，从句要用相对应的过去时；当从句表述的是客观真理或普遍规律时，从句时态不受主句时态的限制，仍然用一般现在时如：He told me that he would leave for London. 他告诉我他要去伦敦Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 我们老师告诉我们地球围绕太阳转 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 3．宾语从句与否定转移动词think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 等后面的宾语从句的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式如：I don't think that he is honest. 我认为他不诚实。
4．宾语从句与简单句的转换由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句常可以转换为“特殊疑问词＋to do”结构的简单句如：I don't know what I should say. ＝I don't know what to say. 我不知道说什么 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 2 状语从句 1．各类状语从句及其引导词如下表所示：从句名称 引导词时间状语从句when, as, while (当……的时候), before(在……之前), after(在……之后), until(直到……为止), as soon as(一……就), since(自从)条件状语从句 if(如果), unless(除非), as long as (只要)地点状语从句where(哪里), wherever(无论哪里)原因状语从句because(因为), as(由于), since(既然) 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 从句名称 引导词目的状语从句so that(以便), in order that(为了，目的是)让步状语从句though(虽然), although(虽然), even if＝even though(即使)比较状语从句than(比), as…as(和……一样), not so/as…as… (不如……)结果状语从句that, so that, so…that, such…that(以至于……) 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 2.if/when同时引导宾语从句和状语从句 如：I don't know if he will come. If he comes, I will tell him the truth.我不知道他是否会来。
如果他来，我将告诉他事实I don't know when he will come tomorrow. When he comes, I will tell him the truth. 我不知道他明天什么时候来当他来时，我将告诉他事实 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 3 定语从句1．关于定语从句的概念(1)定语从句就是在复合句中充当定语的从句，它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面2)先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词 (3)关系词是引导定语从句的词2．引导定语从句的关系词 关系代词有who(whose, whom), which, that; 关系副词有when, where, why 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人who/thatwho/whom/thatwhose指物which/thatwhich/thatwhose3．关系代词的基本用法 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 4.关系副词的基本用法关系副词when，where，why在定语从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点和原因如：This is the place where we spent our holidays last year. 这就是我们去年度假的地方。
I'll never forget the day when I graduated from college. 我将永远忘不了我大学毕业的那一天I don't know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday. 我不知道他昨天没有出席会议的原因 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 5．只能用that引导的定语从句(1)当先行词是不定代词all, little, few, much, any, anything, everything, nothing, none或先行词被all, little, few, much, any, every, no等修饰时如：I have nothing that is worth reading. 我没有什么值得一读的东西2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级以及the only, the very, the last 等修饰时如：This is the very pen that I am looking for. 这正是我在找的钢笔 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 (3)先行词既包括人又包括物时。
如：The professor and his achievement that I heard about are admired by them.我听说的那位教授和他的成就得到了他们的赞美4)当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，多用that引导如：Who is the man that is talking to Mr White? 在和怀特先生交谈的那个人是谁？ 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 1．[2013·临沂临沂] Please hold on to your dream ________one day it comes true. A. if B．until C．unless D．though2．[2013· 衢州衢州] Liu Ming jumps highest________ he isn't the tallest in our class. A. because B．though C．for D．soBB┃考点过关 ┃ 专题专题 13┃13┃ 复合句复合句 3．[2013·内江内江] I don't know if he________ to the English corner, but I'll ask him about that when he ________ to the class. A. goes; will come B．will go; will come C. goes; comes D．will go; comes4．[2013·青岛青岛] —Do you know ________ the girl in blue is? —I'm not sure. Maybe a teacher. A. whose B．how C．what D．whichCD 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 5．[2013·杭州杭州] Being blind is something ________ most people can't imagine. A. who B．what C．that D．whom6．[2013· 上海上海] I hate travelling by air ______ you usually have to wait for hours before the plane takes off. A. because B．though C．until D．unlessCA 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 7．[2013·江西江西] Kate's dad is getting old. She will go back home to see him ________ it is convenient. A. because B．whenever C．although D．unless8．[2013·呼和浩特呼和浩特] ________ you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. A. Until B．Though C．When D．IfAB 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 9．[2013·兰州兰州] Lily doesn't know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money. A. that; whose B．how; who C．what; who D．what; whose10．[2013·聊城聊城] Please tell me ________ to improve my English. A. what I can do B．what can I do C．how I can do D．how can I doAD 专题专题 13┃13┃ 复合句复合句 1．[2013·黄石黄石] —Helen, do you know if Martin ________ to my party next week? —I think he will come if he ________ free. A．will come; will be B. will come; is C．come; is D. comes; will be2．[2013·天津天津] —I don't know________． —Because he has to look after his mother. A．why he is leaving B．why is he leaving C．whether he is leaving D．whether is he leavingB A┃语法专练 ┃ 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 3．I didn't know ________ they could pass the exam or not. A．that B．what C．which D．whether [解析解析] whether…or not为固定搭配。
D4．—Could you tell us how long ________？ —About three days. A．does the sports meeting last B．the sports meeting last C．will the sports meeting last D．the sports meeting will lastD 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 5．—I'm waiting for the mail. Do you know ________it will arrive? —Usually it comes by 4：00 pm. A．how B．where C．when D．what [解析解析] 由答句可以判断出前句是问the mail到达的时间，故选C C6．Everyone knows that the earth ________ around the sun. A．moves B．was moving C．moved D．is movedA 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 7．[2012·日照日照] These animals are in danger. We should think ________ to protect them. A．what can we do B. what we can do C．how can we do D. how we can do [解析解析] 本题考查宾语从句的用法。
宾语从句要用陈述句序，所以排除A、C根据句意“这些动物处于危险中，我们应该思考做些什么来保护他们”可知选BB 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 8．[2013·内江内江] People are talking about the old houses ________ Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years ago. A．which B. where C．who D. when9．[2013·杭州杭州] I don't understand ________ that everything's fine when it's not. A．how can he say B. can he say how C．he can say how D. how he can say10．[2013·安徽安徽] I still remember the college and the teachers________I visited in London years ago. A．what B. who C．that D. which DAC 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 11．[2012·安顺安顺] The policewoman asked the little boy ________． A．where did he live B．where he lived C．where he lives D．where does he live [解析解析] 在宾语从句中，主句为一般过去时，从句需用过去的相应时态且用陈述语序。
B 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 12．[2012·重庆重庆] —Could you tell me ________？ —By searching the Internet. A．how you got the information B．why you got the information C．how did you get the information D．why did you get the information [解析解析] by doing sth 意为“做某事的方式、方法”，对此进行提问时用特殊疑问词howA 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 13．[2013·重庆重庆] —Did the radio say________？ —Yes, from Hunan. A．how the bad rice came B. where the bad rice came from C. how did the bad rice come D. where did the bad rice come from14．[2013·大庆大庆] The H7N9 bird flu is a disease ________ can be very dangerous. A．/ B. who C．what D. whichBD 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 15．[2013·湖州湖州] I was told to meet Mr White at the airport. But I don't know ________ he will arrive. A．when B. how C．where D. why16．Could you tell me how long ________ the football club? A．you have joined B．have you joined C．you have been in D．have you been inAC [解析解析] 宾语从句必须用陈述语序，故排除B、D; join为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，故选C。
专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 17．[2012·衢州衢州] We will go for a picnic if it ________ tomorrow. A．doesn't rain B．wasn't rainy C．won't rain D．wasn't raining [解析解析] if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则 C18．[2013·泰安泰安] Liu Yang is the first Chinese woman astronaut________ has ever traveled in space. A．whom B. which C．who D. whose A 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 19．They develop their skills ________ they can do things better and better. A．however B．because C．sinceD．so thatD [解析解析] 句意： 他们拓展他们的技能是为了能够把事情做得越来越好。
后面的从句表示目的，故选D 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 20．My father came back home while I ________ TV with my mother. A．am watching B．was watching C．were watching D．watched21．—Do you know when she ________ back? —Sorry, I don't know.I'll call you when she ________back. A．comes; comes B．comes; will come C．will come; comes D．will come; will comeBC 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 22．Mr Morgan is still energetic, ________ he is over 80 now. A．so B．because C．although D．when23．[2013·台州台州] —Hey! Mike, guess ________ for my coming vacation. —To Hainan Island? You always like somewhere interesting. A．what I will take B. where I'm going C．when I will leave D. who I'm going withCB 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 24．I don't like to go to Larry's home, ________ I'm afraid of his scary dog. A．unless B．if C．though D．because25．Mike didn't go to bed ________ he finished his homework. A．while B．because C．if D．untilDD 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 26．[2013·济南济南] —Could you please tell me ________？ —Yes. There is one on Center Street. A．where can I buy some stamps B. when you will take your vacation C．when was the telephone invented D．if there are any good restaurants around here27．It's ________ nice weather ________ all of us want to go to the park. A．so; that B．too; to C．as; as D．such; thatDD 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 28．________ the boy failed the math exam again, ________ he didn't give up. A．Because; so B．Because; / C．Although; but D．Although; /29．I'll go to see my aunt as soon as I ________ Beijing. A．reach to B．arrive in C．will reach D．will arrive in 30．You can't borrow books from the school library before you ________ your student card. A．got B．will get C．get D．gettingDBC 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 31．The English－Chinese dictionary ________ my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value. A．whose B．when C．who D．that32．—What kind of movies do you like? —I like the movies ________ are about Chinese history. A．who B．whom C．whose D．whichDD 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 33．[2013·青岛青岛] I still remember my first teacher ________ we haven't seen each other for many years. A．for B. because C．since D. though34．I'll probably stay with my friends ________ I get my own place to live in. A．before B. when C．after D. because DA 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 35．[2012·玉林玉林] —Now many people smoke and get ill. —So we should do something ________ can help stop smoking. A．what B．who C．/ D．thatD [解析解析] 先行词为不定代词something，引导词只能用that。
专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 36．One of the most delicious drinks ________ I like is orange juice. A．which B．that C．whose D．whom [解析解析] 先行词被形容词最高级修饰，引导词只能用thatB 专题专题 13┃ 13┃ 复合句复合句 37．The first thing ________ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter. A．which B．that C．why D．who38．[2013·大庆大庆] Nothing in the world is difficult ________ you put your heart into it. A．unless B. though C．because D. ifBD 。