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1、社区资源的利用社区资源的利用1中国公共卫生服务 居民健康档案管理 健康教育服务预防接种0-6岁儿童健康管理孕产妇健康管理老年人健康管理高血压患者健康管理 2型糖尿病患者健康管理重症精神病患者健康管理2中国公共卫生服务传染病及突发公共卫生事件报告和处理卫生监督协管 食品安全饮用水安全学校卫生职业卫生非法采血和非法行医的上报3中国公共卫生服务资源疾病预防：疾控中心健康教育： 中国健康教育网康复：残疾人联合会4近十年来国家予以支持的项目结核病、艾滋病等重大疾病防控 国家免疫规划 农村孕产妇住院分娩补助52009年开始开展的项目： 为15岁以下人群补种乙肝疫苗 消除燃煤型氟中毒危害 农村改水改厕 增补
2、叶酸预防神经管缺陷 农村妇女宫颈癌和乳腺癌检查 贫困白内障患者复明6PUBLIC HEALTH IN AMERICA美国公共卫生http:/www.health.gov/phfunctions/public.htm7公共卫生防止流行病的传播 防止环境危害预防意外伤害促进健康行为灾难救援及协助社区重建保障卫生服务的质量和可及性 http:/www.health.gov/phfunctions/public.htm8美国卫生服务划分AoA - Administration on Aging 老年管理ACF - Administration for Children and Families 儿童和
3、家庭管理AHRQ - Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality 卫生服务科研和质量CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 疾病预防和控制中心CMS - Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services 医疗保险和医疗补助中心FDA - Food and Drug Administration 食品药品管理HRSA - Health Resources and Services Administration 卫生资源和服务管理IHS - Indian Health
4、 Service 印度卫生服务NIH - National Institutes of Health国家卫生研究院OIG - Office of Inspector General 监察长办公室PSC - Program Support Center项目支持中心 PHS - Public Health Service 公共健康服务SAMHSA - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration物质滥用和心理健康管理9OUTCOME = SAFE, QUALITY, AND EVIDENCE-BASED NURSING PRAC
5、TICE 2006 AMERICAN NURSES ASSOCIATION 结果=安全，质量，和循证护理实践2006年美国护士协会 Adapted with permission from Specialization and Credentialing in Nursing Revisited: Understanding the Issues, Advancing the Profession by Margretta Madden Styles, EdD, RN, FAAN; Mary Jean Schumann, MSN, RN, MBA, CPNP; Carol J. Bickfor
6、d, PhD, RN-BC; and Kathleen White, PhD, RN, CNAA-BC. Pgs 1921. Copyright 2008 American Nurses Association. All rights reserved.10公共卫生护士的角色为早期出院患者提供家庭健康服务氧疗切口护理教育康复协调多种服务，如被送回家后需要继续氧疗的新生儿，呼吸监测，静脉治疗，物理治疗，职业治疗，言语治疗11美国公共卫生护士资格认证Eligibility Criteria要求Must meet all requirements for either Option A, B, or
7、 C prior to application for the examination.必须在申请考试前达到要求A，B或者C的要求Option A: Nurses who have completed any graduate degree in public or community health nursing. 拥有公共卫生或社区护理研究生学位的护士Note for Option A only: If your graduate program is a clinical nurse specialist program that meets the Masters Essentials
8、 criteria, you may request the PHCNS-BC credential be awarded instead of the APHN-BC. To meet the Masters Essentials criteria, your program must include separate courses in advanced pathophysiology, advanced pharmacology, and advanced health assessment. A minimum of 500 faculty supervised clinical h
9、ours in the Public and/or Community Health CNS role and specialty must also be included in the educational program.备注：如果您的研究生专业是临床专科护士，符合硕士要求，你可以申请PHCNS，而不是APHN- BC。为了满足硕士的标准，课程必须包括：高级病理生理学，高级药理学，高级健康评估。最低500小时有教师监督的公共和/或社区卫生临床时间，社区专业也必须列入教育计划。 12美国公共卫生护士资格认证Option B: Nurses who have completed a mas
10、ters degree in public health (MPH). 有公共卫生硕士学位的护士Option C: Nurses who have completed a graduate degree other than public/community health nursing (this option is valid until December 31, 2015) 已经有公共/社区护理以外的其他研究生学位的护士（这条在2015年12月31日以前有效）13预防服务Adolescent Health 青少年健康Alcohol 酒精Asthma 哮喘Birth Defects 出生缺
11、陷Cancer 癌症Diabetes 糖尿病Health Communication 健康交流HIV/AIDS, STIs & Pregnancy 艾滋病，性传播疾病&生育健康Mental Health 心理健康Motor Vehicle 汽车Nutrition 营养Obesity 肥胖Oral Health 口腔Physical Activity 活动Social Environment 社会环境Tobacco 吸烟Vaccines 免疫接种Violence 暴力Worksite 工作场所14REFERENCES参考资料CDC Public Health Preparedness Capab
12、ilities, Washington DC USHHS, March 2011Green, LW, Kreuter, MW Comments on the Emerging Guide to Preventive Health Services from a Health Promotion Perspective. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10806972 USDHHS. The Public Health Workforce. An Agenda for the 21st Century. Washington DC, USDHHSUSGOV. Guide to Community Preventive Services http:/www.thecommunityguide.org/ 15
